12 research outputs found
Coordination between the regulation of public limited liability companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Council Regulation on the Statute for an European company in the light of amendments of national legislation on companies
S ciljem uspjeÅ”ne integracije u unutraÅ”nje tržiÅ”te Europske unije, Bosna i Hercegovina se 16.6.2009., potpisujuÄi Sporazum o stabilizaciji i pridruživanju, obvezala poduzeti propisane mjere koje Äe omoguÄiti uspostavljanje funkcionalnog tržiÅ”nog gospodarstva putem osnivanja jedinstvenog ekonomskog prostora temeljenog na Äetirima slobodama kretanja. Stoga Äe intenziviranje dosadaÅ”njih napora koji su uÄinjeni na polju harmonizacije domaÄih propisa s komunitarnim biti usmjereno prema usklaÄivanju propisa statusnog poslovnog prava, ostvarujuÄi jednu od sloboda kretanja ā slobodu poslovnog nastana. Samo na taj naÄin priznat Äe se trgovaÄka druÅ”tva osnovana na jedinstvenom ekonomskom prostoru Bosne i Hercegovine, stvarajuÄi konkurentniji položaj na unutraÅ”njem tržiÅ”tu EU. Osnovano je pretpostaviti da Äe osnivanje i poslovanje europskih druÅ”tava na jedinstvenom ekonomskom prostoru BiH biti odluÄujuÄi korak u ostvarenju potpune integracije bosanskohercegovaÄkog tržiÅ”ta u unutraÅ”nje tržiÅ”te nakon Å”to BiH postane država Älanica. Europsko druÅ”tvo kao prvi nadnacionalni oblik trgovaÄkog druÅ”tva na unutraÅ”njem tržiÅ”tu veÄ je pokazalo zavidne komparativne prednosti spram druÅ”tava reguliranih nacionalnim propisima. U tu svrhu potrebno je utvrditi koje su promjene veÄ izvrÅ”ene u zakonodavstvu BiH i koliko su uÄinkovito provedene, te koje korake Äe biti potrebno uÄiniti kako bi dioniÄko druÅ”tvo u BiH moglo biti osnovano kao europsko druÅ”tvo koje Äe uspjeÅ”no poslovati kako na teritoriju BiH, tako i na teritoriju cijele Europske unije.With the goal of successfully integrating into the internal EU market in mind, by becoming a signatory of Stabilisation and Association Agreement on June 16, 2009, Bosnia and Herzegovina took on the responsibility of undertaking prescribed measures to enable a functional market economy to take roots by establishing a single economic space based on four freedoms of movement.
Hence, current efforts to harmonise the local regulations with acquis communautaire will be intensified and attention given to the harmonisation of company law regulations, thus ensuring one of the four mentioned freedoms ā the freedom of establishment. This is the only manner in which companies established in the single economic space in BiH can endeavour to be recognised, gaining a more competitive status in the internal EU market.It is reasonable to maintain that establishing European companies and their conducting of business in the single economic space of BaH will prove to be a decisive step towards complete integration of Bosnian market into the internal EU market after BaH becoming a Member State. The first supranational form of company in the internal market, witnessed in the ascent of European company (SE), has already yielded many advantages in comparison to companies governed by national regulations.Acting towards these ends, it is a prerequisite to ascertain what changes have already been done to the national legislation and just how efficiently they have been implemented, followed by determining the next course of action in making it possible for the joint-stock company to be established as a SE capable of successful business activities in BaH, as well as on EU territory
Nesteroidni protuupalni lijekovi u lijeÄenju cistoidnog makularnog edema
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have become a significant therapeutic adjunctive tool in the routine and complicated intraocular surgery. Topical NSAIDs prevent intraoperative miosis, reduce pain, postoperative inflammation and incidence of cystoid macular edema (CME). Although there is no established protocol for prophylaxis of pseudophakic CME, due to the relationship between proinflammatory prostaglandins and CME, using corticosteroids and NSAIDs could prevent CME. NSAIDs have a synergistic antiinflammatory effect with steroids, but can also be used alone when corticosteroid therapy could be harmful. Prospective clinical trials need to define treatment protocol for topical NSAIDs use, due to their powerful influence to prevent perioperative complications.Nesteroidni protuupalni lijekovi (NSAID, engl. nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs) postali su znaÄajna dodatna terapija u rutinskim i kompliciranim intraokularnim operacijama. TopiÄki NSAID-i sprjeÄavaju intraoperativnu miozu, smanjuju bol, postoperativnu upalu i uÄestalost cistoidnog makularnog edema (CME). Iako nema uspostavljenog protokola za profilaksu pseudofakiÄnog CME-a, zbog veze izmeÄu proupalnih prostaglandina i CME-a primjena topiÄkih kortikosteroida i topiÄkih NSAID-a može sprijeÄiti CME. NSAID-i imaju sinergistiÄki protuupalni uÄinak sa steroidima, ali se mogu upotrijebiti i sami kada bi kortikosteroidna terapija mogla biti riziÄna. Zbog njihovog snažnog utjecaja na prevenciju perioperativnih komplikacija potrebna su prospektivna kliniÄka istraživanja za definiranje protokola terapijske primjene topiÄkih NSAID-a
PrecipitirajuÄi Äimbenici i simptomi u bolesnika s dijabetiÄkom ketoacidozom
The aim of the study was to determine the most common precipitating factors and
symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis and the possible difference according to age, gender and severity of
diabetic ketoacidosis. Medical records from January 1, 2017 until December 31, 2019 were reviewed
and patients diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis were selected. The study included 52 patients, median
age 34 (interquartile range 21-56) years. There was no statistically significant difference between
male and female gender. The severity of diabetic ketoacidosis was moderate in the majority of cases
(65.4%; p=0.005). The most common precipitating factor was infection (61.7%). In patients with
moderate diabetic ketoacidosis, respiratory infections were more common, while gastrointestinal infections
were more common in severe diabetic ketoacidosis (33% and 25%, respectively; p=0.03). Nausea
(median age 32 years; p=0.004) and vomiting (median age 31 years; p=0.01) were more common in
younger age groups, while altered mental status was more common in the older age group (median age
61 years; p=0.001). Infection was the most common precipitating factor. The most common symptoms
in younger age groups were nausea and vomiting, and altered mental status in the older age group.Cilj istraživanja je bio utvrditi najÄeÅ”Äe precipitirajuÄe Äimbenike i simptome dijabetiÄke ketoacidoze te postoji li razlika
s obzirom na dob, spol i stupanj dijabetiÄke ketoacidoze. Pregledana je medicinska dokumentacija od 1. sijeÄnja 2017. do 31.
prosinca 2019. godine te su izdvojeni bolesnici s dijagnozom dijabetiÄke ketoacidoze. U istraživanje je ukljuÄeno 52 bolesnika.
Medijan dobi bio je 34 godine (interkvartilni raspon 21-56 godina). Nije postojala statistiÄki znaÄajna razlika muÅ”kog i
ženskog spola. U najveÄem broju sluÄajeva radilo se o umjerenom stupnju dijabetiÄke ketoacidoze (65,4%; p=0,005). NajÄeÅ”Äi
precipitirajuÄi Äimbenik bila je infekcija (61,7%). Kod umjerenog stupnja najÄeÅ”Äe se radilo o respiracijskim infekcijama, a
u teÅ”kom stupnju o gastrointestinalnim infekcijama (33% i 25%; p=0,03). U mlaÄim dobnim skupinama ÄeÅ”Äe su se pojavljivale
muÄnina (medijan dobi 32 godine; p=0,004) i povraÄanje (medijan dobi 31 godina; p=0,01), a u starijoj dobnoj skupini
poremeÄaj svijesti (medijan dobi 61 godina; p=0,001). Infekcije su bile najÄeÅ”Äi precipitirajuÄi Äimbenik dijabetiÄke ketoacidoze.
NajÄeÅ”Äi simptomi u mlaÄim dobnim skupinama bili su muÄnina i povraÄanje, a u starijoj dobnoj skupini poremeÄaj
svijesti
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and treatment of cystoid macular edema
Nesteroidni protuupalni lijekovi (NSAID, engl. nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs) postali su znaÄajna dodatna terapija u rutinskim i kompliciranim intraokularnim operacijama. TopiÄki NSAID-i sprjeÄavaju intraoperativnu miozu, smanjuju bol, postoperativnu upalu i uÄestalost cistoidnog makularnog edema (CME). Iako nema uspostavljenog protokola za profilaksu pseudofakiÄnog CME-a, zbog veze izmeÄu proupalnih prostaglandina i CME-a primjena topiÄkih kortikosteroida i topiÄkih NSAID-a može sprijeÄiti CME. NSAID-i imaju sinergistiÄki protuupalni uÄinak sa steroidima, ali se mogu upotrijebiti i sami kada bi kortikosteroidna terapija mogla biti riziÄna. Zbog njihovog snažnog utjecaja na prevenciju perioperativnih komplikacija potrebna su prospektivna kliniÄka istraživanja za definiranje protokola terapijske primjene topiÄkih NSAID-a.Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have become a significant therapeutic adjunctive tool in the routine and complicated intraocular surgery. Topical NSAIDs prevent intraoperative miosis, reduce pain, postoperative inflammation and incidence of cystoid macular edema (CME). Although there is no established protocol for prophylaxis of pseudophakic CME, due to the relationship between proinflammatory prostaglandins and CME, using corticosteroids and NSAIDs could prevent CME. NSAIDs have a synergistic antiinflammatory effect with steroids, but can also be used alone when corticosteroid therapy could be harmful. Prospective clinical trials need to define treatment protocol for topical NSAIDs use, due to their powerful influence to prevent perioperative complications
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and treatment of cystoid macular edema
Nesteroidni protuupalni lijekovi (NSAID, engl. nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs) postali su znaÄajna dodatna terapija u rutinskim i kompliciranim intraokularnim operacijama. TopiÄki NSAID-i sprjeÄavaju intraoperativnu miozu, smanjuju bol, postoperativnu upalu i uÄestalost cistoidnog makularnog edema (CME). Iako nema uspostavljenog protokola za profilaksu pseudofakiÄnog CME-a, zbog veze izmeÄu proupalnih prostaglandina i CME-a primjena topiÄkih kortikosteroida i topiÄkih NSAID-a može sprijeÄiti CME. NSAID-i imaju sinergistiÄki protuupalni uÄinak sa steroidima, ali se mogu upotrijebiti i sami kada bi kortikosteroidna terapija mogla biti riziÄna. Zbog njihovog snažnog utjecaja na prevenciju perioperativnih komplikacija potrebna su prospektivna kliniÄka istraživanja za definiranje protokola terapijske primjene topiÄkih NSAID-a.Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have become a significant therapeutic adjunctive tool in the routine and complicated intraocular surgery. Topical NSAIDs prevent intraoperative miosis, reduce pain, postoperative inflammation and incidence of cystoid macular edema (CME). Although there is no established protocol for prophylaxis of pseudophakic CME, due to the relationship between proinflammatory prostaglandins and CME, using corticosteroids and NSAIDs could prevent CME. NSAIDs have a synergistic antiinflammatory effect with steroids, but can also be used alone when corticosteroid therapy could be harmful. Prospective clinical trials need to define treatment protocol for topical NSAIDs use, due to their powerful influence to prevent perioperative complications
Cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery
Cistoidni makularni edem komplikacija je nakon operacije katarakte i najÄeÅ”Äi je uzrok loÅ”e vidne oÅ”trine nakon operacije katarakte. RazliÄiti su patofizioloÅ”ki mehanizmi nastanka makularnog edema, ali najÄeÅ”Äe se dovodi u vezu s postoperativnom upalom pri kojoj se oslobaÄaju medijatori upale i dovode do nakupljanja tekuÄine u podruÄju makule. Protuupalni lijekovi, ukljuÄujuÄi steroide i nesteroidne antireumatike, imaju veliku ulogu u profilaksi i terapiji cistoidnog makularnog edema. U ovom preglednom Älanku prikazani su najnoviji stavovi o patogenetskom mehanizmu nastanka edema, riziÄnim faktorima, profilaksi i terapiji, proiziÅ”li iz istraživanja i kliniÄke prakse.Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) is the most common complication of cataract surgery and is one of the possible causes of low visual acuity after cataract surgery. Various factors are implicated in its development but the core mechanism is likely surgically induced anterior segment inflammation that results in the release of endogenous inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory medicines, including steroid and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, are postulated as having a role in both the prophylaxis and treatment of PCME. This article presents an updated review on the pathogenesis, risk factors, prophylaxis and treatment in PCME that reflect current research and practice
Cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery
Cistoidni makularni edem komplikacija je nakon operacije katarakte i najÄeÅ”Äi je uzrok loÅ”e vidne oÅ”trine nakon operacije katarakte. RazliÄiti su patofizioloÅ”ki mehanizmi nastanka makularnog edema, ali najÄeÅ”Äe se dovodi u vezu s postoperativnom upalom pri kojoj se oslobaÄaju medijatori upale i dovode do nakupljanja tekuÄine u podruÄju makule. Protuupalni lijekovi, ukljuÄujuÄi steroide i nesteroidne antireumatike, imaju veliku ulogu u profilaksi i terapiji cistoidnog makularnog edema. U ovom preglednom Älanku prikazani su najnoviji stavovi o patogenetskom mehanizmu nastanka edema, riziÄnim faktorima, profilaksi i terapiji, proiziÅ”li iz istraživanja i kliniÄke prakse.Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) is the most common complication of cataract surgery and is one of the possible causes of low visual acuity after cataract surgery. Various factors are implicated in its development but the core mechanism is likely surgically induced anterior segment inflammation that results in the release of endogenous inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory medicines, including steroid and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, are postulated as having a role in both the prophylaxis and treatment of PCME. This article presents an updated review on the pathogenesis, risk factors, prophylaxis and treatment in PCME that reflect current research and practice
Cistoidni makularni edem nakon operacije katarakte
Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) is the most common complication of cataract surgery and is one of the possible causes of low visual acuity after cataract surgery. Various factors are implicated in its development but the core mechanism is likely surgically induced anterior segment inflammation that results in the release of endogenous inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory medicines, including steroid and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, are postulated as having a role in both the prophylaxis and treatment of PCME. This article presents an updated review on the pathogenesis, risk factors, prophylaxis and treatment in PCME that reflect current research and practice.Cistoidni makularni edem komplikacija je nakon operacije katarakte i najÄeÅ”Äi je uzrok loÅ”e vidne oÅ”trine nakon operacije katarakte. RazliÄiti su patofizioloÅ”ki mehanizmi nastanka makularnog edema, ali najÄeÅ”Äe se dovodi u vezu s postoperativnom upalom pri kojoj se oslobaÄaju medijatori upale i dovode do nakupljanja tekuÄine u podruÄju makule. Protuupalni lijekovi, ukljuÄujuÄi steroide i nesteroidne antireumatike, imaju veliku ulogu u profilaksi i terapiji cistoidnog makularnog edema. U ovom preglednom Älanku prikazani su najnoviji stavovi o patogenetskom mehanizmu nastanka edema, riziÄnim faktorima, profilaksi i terapiji, proiziÅ”li iz istraživanja i kliniÄke prakse
Precipitating Factors and Symptoms in Patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis
The aim of the study was to determine the most common precipitating factors and
symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis and the possible difference according to age, gender and severity of
diabetic ketoacidosis. Medical records from January 1, 2017 until December 31, 2019 were reviewed
and patients diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis were selected. The study included 52 patients, median
age 34 (interquartile range 21-56) years. There was no statistically significant difference between
male and female gender. The severity of diabetic ketoacidosis was moderate in the majority of cases
(65.4%; p=0.005). The most common precipitating factor was infection (61.7%). In patients with
moderate diabetic ketoacidosis, respiratory infections were more common, while gastrointestinal infections
were more common in severe diabetic ketoacidosis (33% and 25%, respectively; p=0.03). Nausea
(median age 32 years; p=0.004) and vomiting (median age 31 years; p=0.01) were more common in
younger age groups, while altered mental status was more common in the older age group (median age
61 years; p=0.001). Infection was the most common precipitating factor. The most common symptoms
in younger age groups were nausea and vomiting, and altered mental status in the older age group