Influence of organic and inorganic iron on laying hens productivity and bloods morphological composition and parameters in blood

In the past, poultry nutritionists were interested in establishing nutrient requirements of poultry to support maximum performance of laying hens. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diets supplemented with organic and inorganic iron in different amounts on the productivity and blood parameters of laying hens at 28-36 weeks of age. A total of 36 Lohmann Brown laying hens at 28 weeks of age were assigned to three treatment groups (12 hens per each treatment group) and fed experimental diets for 8 weeks. The diets comprised 70 mg FeSO4 (Control group I), 150 mg iron sulphate (Group II), 70 mg FeSO4+72 mg of iron glycinate (Group III) and birds were keeping in the same conditions. Organic and inorganic iron in different amounts did not have statistically significant effect on the productivity of the laying hens. When analyzed the data on laying hens’ blood parameters, the results were statistically significant when it comes to the concentration of iron (in Group II it increased 29%, P<0.05) and concentration of ALAT (in Group III –it increased 36% P<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase, however, had a tendency to decrease in all experimental groups, from 1.45 to 6.71 times (P<0.05) compared to the control group. When analyzed the morphological composition of blood, statistically significant results were obtained in Group III on platelets; it decreased 25 % compared to the control group. To conclude, it could be said that different origin and amount of iron did not have any effect on laying hens’ productivity, but had a positive effect on some blood parameters. Introduction Poultry nutrition is focused on the major dietary components (protein and energy) and vitamin and mineral supplements, from both organic and inorganic sources, that are normally incorporated into the diets to meet the bird’s requirements (Zhao et al., 2010, Yuan et al., 2011). Trace minerals (TM) are essential in the diets of poult

The Influence of different levels of calcium and phosphorus on serum morphological parameters in chickens

Analizuojant lesaluose esančio monokalcio fosfato poveikį viščiukų broilerių fiziologinei būklei, produktyvumui, lesalų sąnaudoms, išsaugojimui bei Ca ir P kiekiui kraujo serume, buvo atliktas lesinimo bandymas su skirtingu monokalcio fosfato bei įsisavinamojo fosforo kiekiu. Nustatyta, kad norint pasiekti optimaliausią lesalų įsisavinimo ir svorio santykį Ca ir P santykis lesale turi būti 2-2,4:1, o įsisavinamojo fosforo kiekis - 0,4-0,44 proc. Kraujo serumo tyrimų duomenys rodo, kad fosforo kiekis lesaluose tiesiogiai proporcingas jo kiekiui kraujo serume. Atitinkantis fiziologinę normą visų grupių kraujo pH rodo, kad organizmo buferinės sistemos sugeba neutralizuoti fosforo perteklių, tačiau padidėjęs kitų makroelementų kiekis rodo, kad lesaluose fosforo daugis yra netinkamas, taip pat netinkamas yra Ca ir P santykisThe objective if this experiment was to investigate the influence of manocalcium phosphate and available phosphorus in the feed on the physiological state, productivity, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and mortality of chickens. Eight hundred ROSS 208 line 1 days age chickens were divided into 4 equal groups (Groups 1-4) with 200 chickens in each. The experiment lasted for 35 days. Chickens were fed ad libitum - Group 1 (controls), Groups 2-4 (experimental) with diet supplemented 1,3%, 0,45%, 1.45% and 2,45% of monocalcium phosphate, and 0.44%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8% of available phosphorus, respectively. The chickens were weighed on 1,8, 25 and 35 day of experiment and the consumption of feed was detected. At the end of experiment blood samples were collected from the underwing vein for detection of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels in serum. This experiment demonstrated that for the optimal feed utilization and weight ratio, Ca/P ratio in the feed of chickens was in the level of 2-2.4:1, and available phosphorus - from 0.4 to 0.44% (Group 2). It was shown statistically significant correlation between phosphorus content in the feed and in serum of chickens. Further, pH corresponded physiological rate in all groups and showed the possibility of chickens to compensate the enlarged phosphorus content in the feedVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Influence of phytogenic preparation "Biomin P.E.P-1000" and flavomicin-80 on the changes of total albumen in the blood of broiler chickens

Bibliogr. str. galeThe aim of the research is to investigate the influence of phytogenic preparation ,,Biomin P.E.P.-1000", which is of a natural origin, on the processes of albumen metabolism in the organism of broiler chickens. Biomin P.E.P-1000 positively stimulates the activity of the alimentary tract of broiler chickens as well as a composition of intestine micro flora, consequenty that conditions better digestion of nutrient substancesLietuvos veterinarijos akademijaVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŠvietimo akademij

Changes of bioactive compounds in barley industry by-products during submerged and solid state fermentation with antimicrobial Pediococcus acidilactici strain LUHS29

In this study, changes of bioactive compounds (crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), dietary fiber (DF), fatty acids (FAs), free amino acids (FAAs), phenolic compounds (PCs), biogenic amines (BAs), lignans, and alkylresorcinols) in barley industry by‐products (BB) during submerged and solid state fermentation (SSF) with Pediococcus acidilactici were analyzed. It was established that both fermentation conditions reduce the CP and CF content in BB (by 25.8% and 35.9%, respectively) and increase DF content (on average by 25.0%). Fermentation increases the oleic, arachidic, eicosadienoic, behenic, and lignoceric FA in BB samples. The highest total BA content was found in untreated samples (290.6 mg/kg). Solid state fermentation increased the content of the alkylresorcinol C19:0. Finally, collecting data about the changes of these compounds during technological processes is very important, because according to the specific compounds formed during fermentation, further recommendations for by‐product valorization and uses in food, pharmaceutical, or feed industries can be suggested

The Effect of extruded full-fat rapeseed on productivity and eggs quality of isa brown laying hens

The eight-week feeding trial was conducted involving 27-wk-old Isa brown laying hens to study the effect of dry extrusion processing on partial reduction in total glucosinolates content of locally produced rapeseed and on productivity and eggs quality parameters of laying hens. Thirty-six hens were randomly assigned one of three treatments (CONTR, AERS and HERS), each comprising 12, individual caged layers. The main composition of the diets was the same, but extruded soya bean seed were replaced with 2.5% of the extruded rapeseed in the AERS group and 4.5 % in the HERS group. Rapeseed was extruded together with faba beans. Due to extrusion process the glucosinolates content was reduced by 7.83 μmol/g of rapeseed. The results of conducted trial shows, that during all experimental period egg production parameters, such as the average feed intake (6529.17 vs. 6257 g/hen/14 day; P < 0.05) and laying intensity (94.35% vs. 89.29; P < 0.05) were statistically different for HERS and CONTR laying hens respectively. Only the feed conversion ratio to produce 1 kg of eggs, kg in AERS group was by 11 % lower compared to CONTR group (P < 0.05). By analysing the effect of extruded rapeseed on egg mass, the statistical differences between treatments were no determined. The dietary treatments did not affect egg weight, albumen height, haugh units, albumen and yolk pH. However, in the HERS group were get eggs with the more intensive yolk color, higher redness (a) and yellowness (b) values. The inclusion of full-fat extruded rapeseed had no effect on egg shell quality parameters, i.e. shell breaking strength, shell weight with and without coat and shell index, but in the experimental groups were get eggs with the thinner shell (P < 0.05). The internal egg quality analysis showed that with higher content of extruded rapeseed (4.5 %) level in the diet, the total cholesterol in the eggs yolk decreased by 1.92 mg/g in comparison wi[...]

Influence of linseed oil, natural and synthetic antioxidants on laying hens productivity, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and ammonia nitrogen

Poultry and eggs are nutritious and healthy foods that contain high-quality proteins and low levels of fat compared with other meats. Recent studies have shown that poultry performance is closely associated with colonic health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplemented linseed oil, lycopene and santoqun on laying hens produc tivity, short chain fatty acid and ammonia nitrogen concentration in caecum. A total of 40 Lohman Brown laying hens which were 30 weeks old were assigned to three treatment groups (10 hens per each treatment group) and fed with the experimental diets for 8 weeks. The I (control) group compound feed was supplemented with linseed oil (4.5%), the II (experimental) group – was supplemented with linseed oil (4.5%) + lycopene (25g/kg) and III (experimental) group – linseed oil (4.5%) = santoqun (0.15g/kg) and keeping in the same conditions. The results shown that on laying hens productivity parameter antioxidants did not had any statistical significant effect. Statistical significant results were get just in butyric acid content in laying hens caecum, it decreased from 22 to 35% (P>0.05). The results of this study clearly demonstrate that natural and synthetic antioxidants used in laying hens nutrition decreased SCFA and ammonia nitrogen content in caecum

The Influence of chelators, Zn sulphate and Silicic acid on pigs for fattening productivity and meat quality

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of special additives such as chelators, zinc sulphate and cilicic acid on productivity parameters, carcass characteristics and meat quality of pigs for fattening. The test started with 40 days old fattening pigs (mongrel (mother) and Yorkshire (father)) and lasted up to 156 days of age. During the fattening period pigs were divided into 2 groups (control and experimental) after 4 replicates (total of 8 pens). Each group was followed by 16 fattening pigs. The pigs were fed for 16 weeks’ ad libitum with a standard wheat-barley-soybean meal compound (Control group) supplemented with chelators, zinc sulphate and silicic acid (dosage 2 kg/t of feed, Experimental group). Meat traits in live pigs were measured by ultrasonic equipment Piglog 105. The samples for the analysis of physical and chemical properties, cholesterol content were taken The results of the present study suggest that supplementation of chelators, zinc sulphate and silicic acid during all experimental period tends to positively affect on average daily gain and feed conversion ratio of pigs for fattening (P < 0.05). Pigs evaluation with Piglog 105 showed that thickness of fat in the first and second point was by 4% and 3% respectively higher in comparison to the Control group (P< 0.05). Carcass weight, yield and length, also thickness of fat showed no significant difference among the groups. The water holding capacity of meat in Experimental group was by 5.28% lower and tenderness – by 12% lower compared with Control group (P < 0.05). According to the pig meat chemical composition of the treatment groups, a statistically significant difference among it was not determined. Cholesterol concentration in muscles of pigs for fattening fed diets supplemented with chelators, zinc sulphate and silicic acid was lower by 7.93mg/100 g of muscle in comparison to the Control group. These results sug[...]

The Influence of chelators, Zn sulphate and Silicic acid on pigs for fattening productivity and meat quality

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of special additives such as chelators, zinc sulphate and cilicic acid on productivity parameters, carcass characteristics and meat quality of pigs for fattening. The test started with 40 days old fattening pigs (mongrel (mother) and Yorkshire (father)) and lasted up to 156 days of age. During the fattening period pigs were divided into 2 groups (control and experimental) after 4 replicates (total of 8 pens). Each group was followed by 16 fattening pigs. The pigs were fed for 16 weeks’ ad libitum with a standard wheat-barley-soybean meal compound (Control group) supplemented with chelators, zinc sulphate and silicic acid (dosage 2 kg/t of feed, Experimental group). Meat traits in live pigs were measured by ultrasonic equipment Piglog 105. The samples for the analysis of physical and chemical properties, cholesterol content were taken The results of the present study suggest that supplementation of chelators, zinc sulphate and silicic acid during all experimental period tends to positively affect on average daily gain and feed conversion ratio of pigs for fattening (P < 0.05). Pigs evaluation with Piglog 105 showed that thickness of fat in the first and second point was by 4% and 3% respectively higher in comparison to the Control group (P< 0.05). Carcass weight, yield and length, also thickness of fat showed no significant difference among the groups. The water holding capacity of meat in Experimental group was by 5.28% lower and tenderness – by 12% lower compared with Control group (P < 0.05). According to the pig meat chemical composition of the treatment groups, a statistically significant difference among it was not determined. Cholesterol concentration in muscles of pigs for fattening fed diets supplemented with chelators, zinc sulphate and silicic acid was lower by 7.93mg/100 g of muscle in comparison to the Control group. These results sug[...]

Triticale varieties in broiler chickens diets

This experiment was undertaken to evaluate the nutritional potential of triticale varieties grown in Lithuania. In experiment 400 Ross 308 broiler chickens were distributed in an entirely randomized design, with two treatments with four replications per group and 50 broilers in each group. Broilers were fed for 5 wk. a pelleted wheat–soybean meal based diets (control group C, 13.08 MJ/kg ME, 21% CP) in treatment group 15% of wheat (pentosans 6.48 % DM, beta glucans 0.40% DM) were replaced by triticale of the variety ‘SU Agendus’ (experimental group T), having the lowest quantity of pentosans (4.92 %) and beta-glucans (0.45 % DM). Diet was formulated to meet the nutrient and energy requirement for broiler chickens (NRC, 1994). The development of GIT’s organs and blood biochemical parameters were analysed. In diet of broilers the replacement of wheat by triticale ‘SU Agendus’ the FCR increased 2.6% and BW were decreased 0.4% (P>0.05). In addition of 15% triticale in the compound feed of broiler chickens, the blood biochemical parameters – cholesterol and highdensity lipoprotein concentration decreased by 7.4% and 11.9%, respectively (P<0.05). The internal organs weight in group T were increased compared to the group C (P<0.05). The results of the trial confirmed that triticale 15% with a lower pentosans and beta-glucans contents can be used for broiler chickens diets. Introduction Triticale (X Trificosecule Wittmack) is the hybrid of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) and rye (Secale cereale L) that has been under intensive development as a new cereal grain crop plant (KORVER, 2004). Triticale has a lower susceptibility to diseases and pests which attack rye and wheat and this reduces the necessity of chemical protection against harmful agents (OETTLER, 2005). Winter triticale cultivars show higher yields and good adaptation to northern environments. Triticale flour is rich in proteins (average 14–15%), [...]

The Influence of newest generation butyrate combined with acids, medium chain fatty acids and plant extract on the performance and physiological state of laying hens

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of butyrate, acids, medium-chain fatty acids and plant extract mixture on performance, blood and gastrointestinal tract characteristics of laying hens’. For the period of 8 weeks, 24 Hisex Brown laying hens were randomly assigned to 2 dietary treatments: 1) control wheat-corn-soybean meal based diet (Control group), 2) control diet supplemented with the mixture of butyrate, acids, medium chain fatty acids and plant extract (Lumance®) at the level of 1.5 g/kg of feed (Experimental group). Hens were fed with a crumbled diet at 125 g per day. Housing and feeding conditions were the same for all groups and met the requirements of growth for laying hens of Hisex Brown strain. In the blood serum total protein, bilirubin, cholesterol, DTL- and MTL- cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, GGT, GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, alpha amylase, contents of c-reactive protein, uric acid, and lipase were analyzed. Development of intestines and internal organs (intestinal length, intestinal weight, the weight of glandular and muscular stomach, pancreas, heart, and liver) were determined. The concentration of short chain fatty acids in caecal content was measured using the method of HPLC. The results of the present study showed that 1.5 g/kg supplementation of feed additive affected egg production and feed conversion ratio for the production of 1 kg of egg mass. Dietary supplementation of analyzed additive in the diets increased the concentration of triglycerides, GOT, alkaline phosphatase and decreased uric acid content compared with the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference for others blood indices in comparison to the control was observed. The addition of feed additives in laying hens’ diets increased intestinal weight by 11% and liver weight by 14% compared with the control group (P<0.05). The short chain fatty acids (propionic, acetic and butyric aci[...]