518 research outputs found
Universal Angular Probability Distribution of Three Particles near Zero Energy Threshold
We study bound states of a 3--particle system in described by
the Hamiltonian ,
where the particle pair has a zero energy resonance and no bound
states, while other particle pairs have neither bound states nor zero energy
resonances. It is assumed that for a converging sequence of coupling constants
the Hamiltonian has a sequence of
levels with negative energies and wave functions , where the
sequence totally spreads in the sense that for all . We
prove that for large the angular probability distribution of three
particles determined by approaches the universal analytical
expression, which does not depend on pair--interactions. The result has
applications in Efimov physics and in the physics of halo nuclei
On stability of the neutron rich Oxygen isotopes
Stability with respect to neutron emission is studied for highly
neutron-excessive Oxygen isotopes in the framework of Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov
approach with Skyrme forces Sly4 and Ska. Our calculations show increase of
stability around 40O.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Stochastic Approach to Enantiomeric Excess Amplification and Chiral Symmetry Breaking
Stochastic aspects of chemical reaction models related to the Soai reactions
as well as to the homochirality in life are studied analytically and
numerically by the use of the master equation and random walk model. For
systems with a recycling process, a unique final probability distribution is
obtained by means of detailed balance conditions. With a nonlinear
autocatalysis the distribution has a double-peak structure, indicating the
chiral symmetry breaking. This problem is further analyzed by examining
eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the master equation. In the case without
recycling process, final probability distributions depend on the initial
conditions. In the nonlinear autocatalytic case, time-evolution starting from a
complete achiral state leads to a final distribution which differs from that
deduced from the nonzero recycling result. This is due to the absence of the
detailed balance, and a directed random walk model is shown to give the correct
final profile. When the nonlinear autocatalysis is sufficiently strong and the
initial state is achiral, the final probability distribution has a double-peak
structure, related to the enantiomeric excess amplification. It is argued that
with autocatalyses and a very small but nonzero spontaneous production, a
single mother scenario could be a main mechanism to produce the homochirality.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figure
Measurement of ozone concentration in the lower stratosphere - upper troposphere
We describe an ozone lidar and consider an algorithm for retrieving the ozone concentration, taking into consideration the aerosol correction. Results of lidar measurements at wavelengths 299 and 341 nm well agree with model estimates, indicating that ozone is sensed with acceptable accuracies in the altitude range of about 6-18 km. It should be noted that the retrieved profiles of altitude distribution of ozone concentration more closely resemble those from satellite data than according to Krueger model. A lidar is developed and put into operation at Siberian Lidar Station (SLS) to measure the vertical ozone distribution (VOD) in the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere. Sensing is performed according to the method of differential absorption and scattering at wavelength pair 299/341 nm, which are respectively the first and second Stokes components of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) conversion of the fourth harmonic of Nd:YAG laser (266 nm) in hydrogen
Synchronization of low-frequency oscillations in the human cardiovascular system
We investigate synchronization between the low-frequency oscillations of heart rate and blood pressure having in humans a basic frequency close to 0.1 Hz. A method is proposed for quantitative estimation of synchronization between these oscillating processes based on calculation of relative time of phase synchronization of oscillations. It is shown that healthy subjects exhibit on average substantially longer epochs of internal synchronization between the low-frequency oscillations in heart rate and blood pressure than patients after acute myocardial infarction. © 2009 American Institute of Physics. ͓DOI: 10.1063/1.3187794͔ The human cardiovascular system (CVS) is one of the most important physiological systems whose operation is governed by several rhythmic processes interacting with each other. The most significant among them are the main heart rhythm, respiration, and low-frequency (LF) oscillations in heart rate and blood pressure with a basic frequency close to 0.1 Hz having a great importance for maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. The origin of these LF oscillations is still a subject of controversy. According to one hypothesis, the 0.1 Hz oscillations in heart rate and blood pressure are largely an index of baroreflex gain. On another hypothesis, these oscillations have a central origin and represent an intrinsic property of autonomous neural network. We have investigated interaction between the 0.1 Hz cardiovascular oscillations in healthy subjects and patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Peculiarities of interaction of the elements of CVS reflect its state and may contain useful information for medical diagnostics. The interaction between the rhythms is studied using a phase synchronization measure based on the Hilbert transform. A method is proposed for quantitative estimation of synchronization by using an algorithm of automated detection of phase synchronization epochs. The method is based on a linear approximation of instantaneous phase difference of analyzed signals in a moving window. Recommendations on a choice of the method parameters ensuring its high efficiency are given. A statistical significance of the calculated synchronization measure is analyzed using surrogate data. It is shown that healthy subjects exhibit on average substantially longer epochs of synchronization between the LF oscillations in heart rate and blood pressure than patients after AMI. Arguments are adduced in favor of the concept that oscillations of heart rate and blood pressure with a frequency of about 0.1 Hz have a central origin. Moreover, these oscillations may be considered as different processes that exhibit a comparatively high internal synchronization between themselves in healthy subjects ensuring a high adaptability of the CVS
COMPARISON OF FOSINOPRIL AND ATENOLOL EFFECT ON HEART 0.1 HZ-RHYTHMS SYNCHRONIZATION AND BLOOD MICROCIRCULATION IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Aim. To compare the effect of fosinopril and atenolol on synchronization of heart 0.1 Hz-rhythms and blood microcirculatory.Material and methods. 63 patients at the age of 47±8 with hypertension (HT) of grade 1-2 were enrolled in the study. 0.1 Hz-oscillations in heart rate variability (HRV) and in filling of microcirculatory bed were registered during passive tilt test under spontaneous breathing. The duration of each stage of test was 10 min. Synchronization was estimated as a phase difference between 0.1 Hz-rhythms of heart rate and filling of microcirculatory bed. Frequency values of HRV spectrum in LF- and HF-ranges were also assessed.Results. Fosinopril and atenolol showed comparable effect on blood pressure (BP) reduction. Atenolol decreased in heart rate significantly. Treatment with either fosinopril or atenolol in patients with significant vegetative dysfunction resulted in repair of functional interaction between heart 0.1 Hz-regulation and microcirculatory bed. Functional dissociation of 0.1 Hz-regulation mechanisms was observed under the treatment with fosinopril or atenolol in patients with initially sufficient interaction.Conclusions. Fosinopril and atenolol influenced similarly on heart 0.1 Hz-mechanisms and microcirculation autonomic regulation in patients with HT. Atenolol is a drug of choice in patients with sympathicotony. Both drugs should be administered in according with an individual level of 0.1-Hz rhythms synchronization assessed before start of the treatment
Experimental constraints on the -nucleus real potential
In a search for mesic states, the production of -mesons in
coincidence with forward going protons has been studied in photon induced
reactions on C for incident photon energies of 1250 - 3100 MeV. The
pairs from decays of bound or quasi-free -mesons have
been measured with the CBELSA/TAPS detector system in coincidence with protons
registered in the MiniTAPS forward array. Structures in the total energy
distribution of the pairs, which would indicate the population
and decay of bound B states, are not observed. The
cross section of 0.3 nb/MeV/sr observed in the bound state energy regime
between -100 and 0 MeV may be accounted for by yield leaking into the bound
state regime because of the large in-medium width of the -meson. A
comparison of the measured total energy distribution with calculations suggests
the real part of the B potential to be small and only
weakly attractive with 35(stat) 20(syst) MeV
in contrast to some theoretical predictions of attractive potentials with a
depth of 100 - 150 MeV.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure
Photoproduction of meson pairs: First measurement of the polarization observable I^s
The polarization observable I^s, a feature exclusive to the acoplanar
kinematics of multi-meson final states produced via linearly polarized photons,
has been measured for the first time. Results for the reaction g p -> p pi0 eta
are presented for incoming photon energies between 970 MeV and 1650 MeV along
with the beam asymmetry I^c. The comparably large asymmetries demonstrate a
high sensitivity of I^s to the dynamics of the reaction. Fits using
Bonn-Gatchina partial wave analysis demonstrate that the new polarization
observables carry significant information on the contributing partial waves.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, v2 to appear in Phys. Lett.
- …