A Study of Selected Demographic Factors Associated with the Number and Characteristics of Marriages Solemnized in South Dakota: 1960-1972

The marriage statistics for South Dakota from 1960 to 1970 reveal that the number of marriages has steadily increased since 1960. The number of births, however, has steadily decreased in number in South Dakota since 1960. Perhaps this is understandable inasmuch as Paul H. Jacobson points out that the analysis and interpretation of marriage statistics is the least developed branch of American vital statistics. This is an important area for study, however, because any community is highly influenced by the proportion of its population that is single, married, widowed, or divorced. The marital condition of a population influences its birth rate, thus producing changes in the composition of the population. Marital status composition of the population is a demographic factor that helps produce population change and influence local community life. Marital status has great importance for group survival through childbearing, for it is generally accepted that it is through the legal cohabiting of males and females that childbearing is generally approved and accepted. Because of this, the rate of marriages together with their dissolution are vital processes, and statistics of marriage and divorce are vital statistics. Besides affecting the birthrate, marital status also affects other community processes such as: labor force participation, school attendance, urban-rural residence, and many other important processes. David Glass summarizes the importance of marital status data in the following terms: It is through the intervening variable of marriage that replacement indices become sociologically meaningful. In the more developed societies, recent changes in the level and trend of fertility owe much to changes in the amount of, and age at, marriage. A final indication of the importance of this problem is the emphasis placed upon it-by the state legislature. This year two House bills (HB have been introduced that will place tighter restrictions on marriages solemnized in South Dakota. The new bills ask for a three-day waiting period for remarriage after filing for a divorce. In actuality, the six months amounts to four months because it takes two months before a divorce becomes final, leaving four more months before the parties involved could remarry. Knowledge generated by the study of this problem may assist in the area planning of various governmental, educational, economic, religious, and recreational agencies in South Dakota for the coming year. It is also hoped that it may bring about some standardization of the marriage laws of the various states, because some states are indicating they will not recognize those marriages where couples cross state lines to marry to avoid their home state laws on marriage

Low Linolenic Acid Soybean Variety Trial

Major food providers such as Wendy’s and Applebee’s are switching to zero trans fats in their cooking oil. Trans fats, which do not normally exist in vegetable oils, are formed during the process of partial hydrogenation. New soybean varieties, which produce an oil that is superior to alternative non-hydrogenated oils high in unhealthy saturated fats, have become available. These varieties have a lower percentage of linolenic acid than conventional varieties and command a premium price. This study was conducted to determine if low linolenic (low-lin) varieties yield as well as conventional varieties

A comparison of ice drift motion from modeled and buoy data

U.S. Naval operations in the Arctic require an effective way to predict the movement and behavior of sea ice. This is currently provided by the Navy's PIPS model which is based on Hibler's (1979) sea ice model which combines the thermodynamic ice heat budget with a dynamic ice model sensitive to the effects of ice thickness and ice strength. The PIPS model simultaneously solves a system of four equations of ice momentum balance, ice rheology, ice thickness, and ice strength. In order to test the performance of Hibler's formulation, another version of it, developed by Lemke et al., (1990), was adapted to the Arctic Ocean. The model was initialized and run using 1986 forcing data and its performance evaluated using Arctic buoy drift data. Results indicate that the model ice drift is principally driven by wind forcing, that its response to changes in weather is rapid and essentially correct, and that it performs better at high wind speeds than at low wind speeds. Limitations to its accuracy were chiefly the result of limits to the precision and resolution of the input data provided to run the model, especially near the ice margins. Overall, the model performs well in depicting the ice flow pattern in all conditions in the Arctic.http://archive.org/details/acomparisonofice1094527628Lieutenant, United States NavyApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome Field Screening

Soybean sudden death syndrome (SDS) is caused by the Fusarium virguliforme fungus. This fungus infects and grows in the plant’s roots. The fungus produces a toxin, which is transported into the leaves and causes foliar yellowing, browning, and finally early leaf drop. Root infection and toxin production are highly affected by environment and irrigation, and early planting is important to ensure a good screening test

Evaluation of Soybean Varieties in the Northern Uniform Soybean Test

The Northern Uniform Soybean Test is used to evaluate soybean varieties produced by several public breeding programs in the Northern portion of the United States and Canada. In 2009, five public breeding programs participated in the Northern Uniform Soybean Test (Maturity Group I). Public breeders are allowed to enter varieties in the Uniform Test in exchange for growing locations for the test. Material entered in the Uniform Test is generally from advanced stages of a breeding program. The Uniform Soybean Test is an efficient method for soybean breeders to get multiple location data in comparison to each individual program growing their own locations. It also produces useful information by comparing soybean lines from multiple programs and identifies lines from other states that produce well in northern Iowa. Results from these tests are used by breeders to select varieties with superior yield and/or disease resistance to continue advancement to variety release. These results are also used to demonstrate positive characteristics to growers and other interested parties

Evaluation of Soybean Varieties in the Northern Uniform Soybean Test—Uniform Test III

The Northern Uniform Soybean Test is used to evaluate soybean varieties produced by several public breeding programs in the northern portion of the United States and Canada. In 2010, five public breeding programs participated in the Northern Uniform Soybean Test (Uniform Test III). Public breeders are allowed to enter varieties into the Uniform Test in exchange for growing locations for the test. Material entered into the Uniform Test is generally in advanced stages of a breeding program. The Uniform Soybean Test is a method for soybean breeders to get multiple location data, in a very efficient manner in comparison to each individual program growing their own locations. It also produces useful information by comparing soybean lines from multiple programs, and identifies lines from other states that produce well in southern Iowa. Results from these tests are used by breeders to select varieties with superior yield and/or disease resistance to continue advancement on a trek toward variety release. These results are also used to demonstrate positive characteristics to growers and other interested parties

First metatarsophalangeal hemiarthroplasty for hallux rigidus

There is a paucity of objective information in the literature about first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) hemiarthroplasty. The authors postulate that it is a reasonable treatment option for severe hallux rigidus in selected patients. Twenty-two elective first MTP hemiarthroplasties were performed on 20 patients that met the inclusion criteria. Pre- and postoperative evaluations were done using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) forefoot score, visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, range of motion (ROM) measurements, and radiographs. Average ROM and dorsiflexion improved by 15° and 8°, respectively. VAS pain scores improved from 5 to 2.5 after six weeks. Painless ambulation occurred after six weeks, with maximum improvement by six months. After 24 months, two patients had pain at the surgical site interfering with function, leading to an unsatisfactory result that required conversion to arthrodesis. First MTP hemiarthroplasty for severe hallux rigidus can be considered an alternative to fusion in properly selected patients who wish to maintain a functional range of motion

Systematic dissemination of metal particulates from the joint space of patients with total arthroplasty

honors thesisCollege of ScienceBiologyRoy D. BloebaumJames L. LordsTwenty-four patients with a history of primary joint replacement followed by a lymph node dissection procedure were studied. These specimens included pelvic, gastric, para-aortic, and axillary lymph node chains. The lymph nodes were sectioned, processed for electron microscopy and viewed with back scattered electron imaging. The gray level was calibrated to visualize only structures higher in atomic number than aluminum. Upon detection of a particle, energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis was conducted to determine its elemental composition. Eight of twenty-four specimens demonstrated metal alloy particles within the lymph nodes. In each case, the metal alloy identified corresponded with the implanted type of alloy. The shortest interval between joint implantation and dissemination of metal to a lymph node chain was six months. Two of the positive lymph nodes came from the right axillary region indicating systemic dissemination of particles from the joint space. Metals associated with artificial joints have been shown to have adverse effects in human and animal models. Widespread metal particle dissemination could have negative implications for these patients, and close follow-up will be necessary

Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome Field Screening

Soybean sudden death syndrome (SDS) is caused by the Fusarium virguliforme fungus. This fungus infects and grows in the plant’s roots. The fungus produces a toxin, which is transported into the leaves and causes foliar yellowing, browning, and finally early leaf drop. Root infection and toxin production are highly affected by environment and irrigation, and early planting is important to ensure a good screening test.</p

Low Linolenic Acid Soybean Variety Trial

Major food providers such as Wendy’s and Applebee’s are switching to zero trans fats in their cooking oil. Trans fats, which do not normally exist in vegetable oils, are formed during the process of partial hydrogenation. New soybean varieties, which produce an oil that is superior to alternative non-hydrogenated oils high in unhealthy saturated fats, have become available. These varieties have a lower percentage of linolenic acid than conventional varieties and command a premium price. This study was conducted to determine if low linolenic (low-lin) varieties yield as well as conventional varieties.</p