Lučka politika u lukama unutarnjih voda – regulacija ili deregulacija?

Hrvatska unutarnja plovidba proživljava iznimno veliku krizu, koja se samo dijelom može objasniti globalnom recesijom. Dosadašnji pravni model upravljanja lukama, temeljen prvo na strogom sustavu koncesija, a potom na tek nešto liberalnijim odobrenjima ne može sam riješiti brojne nastale probleme. U članku se navode temeljni problemi hrvatskih luka unutarnjih voda, te pokazuje kako je pravni okvir samo jedan od nekoliko instrumenata lučke i prometne politike, te da je vjerovanje kako će organizacijska struktura luka sama riješiti brojne postojeće probleme bilo pogrešno. Razlozi zbog kojih su se hrvatski riječni promet i riječne luke našli u razvojnoj stagnaciji su punu dublji od same administrativno-legislativne razine. Navodi se kako je potrebno da hrvatska lučka politika u odnosu prema riječnim lukama bude u prostoru djelovanja zajedničke europske prometne politike. Zaustavljanje stagnacije i početak novog razvojnog ciklusa hrvatskih luka unutarnjih voda i hrvatske unutarnje plovidbe općenito se ne mogu pokrenuti samo izmjenom upravljačkog modela luka ili promjenom odnosa između lučke uprave i lučkih operatera. U članku se zaključuje kako je potrebno multidisciplinarno razviti novu strategiju razvoja ove prometne grane, a potom, temeljem takve strategije, razvijati i nove pravne modele.Croatian inland navigation is going through a large crisis that can only partially be explained by global recession. Current model of port management, based on strict concession concept and later on somewhat more liberal approvals, cannot solve numerous problems. This paper lists basic problems of Croatian inland navigation ports and presents the legal frame as only one instruments of port and traffie policy, resulting in wrong belief that port organization structure may solve numerous problems. Reasons for Croatian river traffic and inland ports finding themselves in development stagnation are deeper than administrative-legislative level itself. It is necessary to have Croatian port policy in the space of joint activity of European traffic policy in its relation towards inland ports. Stopping stagnation and beginning of a new development cycle of Croatian inland ports and Croatian inland navigation in general cannot begin only by change of port management model or change of relationship between port management and port operators. The paper concludes necessity of multidiscipline development of a new strategy of this traffic branch\u27s and later on, following the strategy, to develop new legal models

Lučka politika u lukama unutarnjih voda – regulacija ili deregulacija?

Hrvatska unutarnja plovidba proživljava iznimno veliku krizu, koja se samo dijelom može objasniti globalnom recesijom. Dosadašnji pravni model upravljanja lukama, temeljen prvo na strogom sustavu koncesija, a potom na tek nešto liberalnijim odobrenjima ne može sam riješiti brojne nastale probleme. U članku se navode temeljni problemi hrvatskih luka unutarnjih voda, te pokazuje kako je pravni okvir samo jedan od nekoliko instrumenata lučke i prometne politike, te da je vjerovanje kako će organizacijska struktura luka sama riješiti brojne postojeće probleme bilo pogrešno. Razlozi zbog kojih su se hrvatski riječni promet i riječne luke našli u razvojnoj stagnaciji su punu dublji od same administrativno-legislativne razine. Navodi se kako je potrebno da hrvatska lučka politika u odnosu prema riječnim lukama bude u prostoru djelovanja zajedničke europske prometne politike. Zaustavljanje stagnacije i početak novog razvojnog ciklusa hrvatskih luka unutarnjih voda i hrvatske unutarnje plovidbe općenito se ne mogu pokrenuti samo izmjenom upravljačkog modela luka ili promjenom odnosa između lučke uprave i lučkih operatera. U članku se zaključuje kako je potrebno multidisciplinarno razviti novu strategiju razvoja ove prometne grane, a potom, temeljem takve strategije, razvijati i nove pravne modele.Croatian inland navigation is going through a large crisis that can only partially be explained by global recession. Current model of port management, based on strict concession concept and later on somewhat more liberal approvals, cannot solve numerous problems. This paper lists basic problems of Croatian inland navigation ports and presents the legal frame as only one instruments of port and traffie policy, resulting in wrong belief that port organization structure may solve numerous problems. Reasons for Croatian river traffic and inland ports finding themselves in development stagnation are deeper than administrative-legislative level itself. It is necessary to have Croatian port policy in the space of joint activity of European traffic policy in its relation towards inland ports. Stopping stagnation and beginning of a new development cycle of Croatian inland ports and Croatian inland navigation in general cannot begin only by change of port management model or change of relationship between port management and port operators. The paper concludes necessity of multidiscipline development of a new strategy of this traffic branch\u27s and later on, following the strategy, to develop new legal models

Sastav i prostorna raspodjela fitoplanktona u sjeveroistočnom kanalu Jadranskog mora u jesen 2008. godine

The Velebit and Pag Channels form a 40 km long and 4-14 km wide system running parallel to the northeastern Adriatic coast. The aim of this study was to investigate phytoplankton abundance, composition and distribution along the system in the autumn period. Sampling was carried out at 8 stations in November 2008. The spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters indicated the existence of a pronounced horizontal thermohaline and trophic gradient. From the inner part of the Velebit Channel, which is an extension of the karstic Zrmanja River estuary, to the outer end of the Pag Channel, which communicates with the open sea, the temperature and salinity ranged from 11.0 to 16.0 °C and from 23.4 to 38.2, respectively. Nutrient concentrations ranged from 0.001 to 0.1 µmol L-1 for orthophosphates, from 0.85 to 7.0 µmol L-1 for total inorganic nitrogen and from 0.3 to 15.4 µmol L-1 for silicates. Total abundance of phytoplankton decreased from 5.5 x 105 cells L-1 to 8.5 x 104 cells L-1 along the trophic gradient. Diatoms dominated the phytoplankton with maximum abundances from 7.3 x 104 cells L-1 (85% of total phytoplankton) at the most oligotrophic stations up to 9.6 x 105 cells L-1 (96% of total phytoplankton) at the nutrient enriched stations. Statistical analysis on the basis of environmental and biological parameters clustered the stations in three main groups. The first group represented the southern Velebit Channel with higher nutrient levels and phytoplankton dominated by Thalassionema nitzschioides. The second group included stations from the middle Velebit Channel with significantly lower levels of nutrients, and phytoplankton mostly dominated by Bacteriastrum sp. with a contribution by various diatom species. The third group represented the stations from the Pag Channel, and associated with the exclusive domination of Bacteriastrum sp. and a greater contribution of coccolithophorids. This paper also gives the first checklist of species present in the extremely oligotrophic area of the Velebit and Pag Channels. 148 taxa were identified: 91 diatoms, 47 dinoflagellates and 10 other flagellate morphotypes. Detailed electron microscopy analysis revealed three potentially toxic diatoms of Pseudo-nitzschia genus: P. calliantha, P. pseudodelicatissima and P. manii. The results of this work represent a valuable contribution to the knowledge of phytoplankton species composition and distribution relative to prevailing physico-chemical conditions in this poorly investigated transition zone.Velebitski i Paški kanal čine 40 km dug i 4-14 km širok sustav koji se proteže usporedno sa sjeveroistočnom obalom Jadranskog mora. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio istražiti abundanciju, sastav i raspodjelu fitoplanktona duž sustava u jesenskom razdoblju. Uzorkovanje je obavljeno na 8 postaja u studenom 2008. Prostorna raspodjela fizikalno kemijskih parametara upućivala je na postojanje izrazitog horizontalnog termohalinog i trofičkog gradijenta. Od unutrašnjeg dijela Velebitskog kanala, koji je produžetak estuarija krške rijeke Zrmanje do vanjskog dijela Paškog kanala koji se spaja s otvorenim morem, raspon površinske temperature mora iznosio je 11.0 do 16.0 °C, a saliniteta 23.4 do 38.2. Koncentracije nutrijenata kretale su se u rasponu 0.001 - 0.1 μmol L-1 za fosfate, 0.85 - 7.0 μmol L-1 za otopljeni anorganski dušik i 0.3 - 15.4 μmol L-1 za silikate. Dijatomeje su prevladavale u fitoplanktonu s maksimalnom abundancijom u rasponu od 7.3 x 104 stanica L-1 (85% ukupnog fitoplanktona) na najviše oligotrofnim do 9.6 x 105 stanica L-1 (96% ukupnog fitoplanktona) na postajama s većom koncentracijom nutrijenata. Statistička analiza na osnovi bioloških i fizikalno kemijskih parametara podijelila je postaje u tri glavne grupe. Prva grupa predstavljala je južni dio Velebitskog kanala s većom koncentracijom nutrijenata i prevladavajućom vrstom Thalassionema nitzschioides. Druga grupa uključila je postaje iz središnjeg dijela Velebitskog kanala s nižim razinama nutrijenata i s prevladavajućom dijatomejom Bacteriastrum sp.. Treća grupa uključila je postaje u Paškom kanalu u kojima gotovo isključivo prevladava Bacteriastrum mannii sp. i prisutan je veći udio kokolitoforida. Ovaj rad također donosi prvi popis vrsta fitoplanktona prisutnih u ekstremno oligotrofnom području Velebitskog i Paškog kanala. Identificirano je 148 taksona od čega 91 dijatomeja, 47 dinoflagelata i 10 taksona raznih flagelata. Detaljna analiza pomoću elektronskog mikroskopa otkrila je tri vrste iz potencijalno toksičnog dijatomejskog roda Pseudo-nitzschia: P-n. calliantha, P-n. pseudodelicatissima i P-n. mannii. Rezultati ovog rada predstavljaju značajan doprinos poznavanju sastava i raspodjele fitoplanktona u odnosu na prevladavajuće fizikalno kemijske uvjete u ovom slabo istraženom tranzitnom području

Multigene phylogeny and morphology of newly isolated strain of Pseudo-nitzschia mannii Amato & Montresor (Adriatic Sea)

An increasing number of cryptic and pseudo-cryptic species have been found within many newly described diatom species. To resolve the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia, molecular markers are being widely used in combination (or separately) with different morphological characters. Sequence analysis of ribosomal DNA markers (18S, ITS and 28S) and morphological analyses of Pseudo-nitzschia mannii strain (CIM_D-4), isolated from the Telaš´cica Bay (Adriatic Sea), differentiate it from all other currently reported strains of this species

Cryptophyte bloom in a Mediterranean estuary: High abundance of Plagioselmis cf. prolonga in the Krka River estuary (eastern Adriatic Sea)

During the June 2010 survey of phytoplankton and physicochemical parameters in the Krka River estuary (eastern Adriatic Sea), a cryptophyte bloom was observed. High abundance of cryptophytes (maximum 7.9×106 cells l–1) and high concentrations of the class-specific biomarker pigment alloxanthine (maximum 2312 ng l–1) were detected in the surface layer and at the halocline in the lower reach of the estuary. Taxonomical analysis revealed that the blooming species was Plagioselmis cf. prolonga. Analysis of the environmental parameters in the estuary suggested that the bloom was supported by the slower river flow as well as the increased orthophosphate and ammonium concentrations. The first record of a cryptophyte bloom in the Krka River estuary may indicate that large-scale changes are taking place in the phytoplankton community. Such changes could have a major impact on the natural ecosystem dynamics and the mariculture production in the area

Multigene phylogeny and morphology of newly isolated strain of <i>Pseudo-nitzschia mannii</i> Amato & Montresor (Adriatic Sea)

<p>An increasing number of cryptic and pseudo-cryptic species have been found within many newly described diatom species. To resolve the phylogenetic relationships of the genus <i>Pseudo-nitzschia</i>, molecular markers are being widely used in combination (or separately) with different morphological characters. Sequence analysis of ribosomal DNA markers (18S, ITS and 28S) and morphological analyses of <i>Pseudo-nitzschia mannii</i> strain (CIM_D-4), isolated from the Telašćica Bay (Adriatic Sea), differentiate it from all other currently reported strains of this species.</p