Communication Structures in the Design Phase of Lean Project Delivery

Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, eine Methode zu entwickeln, welche die kontinuierliche Verbesserung von Kommunikationsstrukturen in der Planungsphase komplexer Bauprojekte unterstützt. Dazu werden für die erfolgreiche Anwendung der Methode die Anforderungen Integration und Flexibilität des Projektteams definiert, sowie die Erreichbarkeit der Anforderungen in einer Fallstudie mittels Social Network Analysis nachgewiesen. Darauf aufbauend wird die Methode basierend auf Lean Management entwickelt und in Fallstudien erfolgreich getestet

Communication Structures in the Design Phase of Lean Project Delivery

This work presents a method for the continuous improvement of communication structures in the design phase of construction projects. The method is rooted in the concepts of Lean Management and it models project structures as social networks. Successful application of the method in case studies shows an innovative use case for Building Information Modeling (BIM). BIM can serve as a data source for modeling of social networks during the design phase of construction projects

Der Baustellenleitstand: Shop-Floor-Management im Bauwesen

Der Baustellenleitstand stellt eine Methodik des Shop-Floor-Managementsystems für Baustellen dar. Das Konzept beruht auf SFM-Ansätzen aus der Automobilindustrie, die mit Methoden der Prozessvisualisierung und Steuerung aus der Bauindustrie in Japan und Brasilien gekoppelt sind, sodass ein für deutsche Baustellen anwendbares Kennzahlen- und Kommunikationskonzept entsteht

REDUCING REWORK IN DESIGN BY COMPARING STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY USING A MULTI DOMAIN MATRIX

ABSTRACT Complexity in design causes iteration which can be value-adding or wasteful. Wasteful iteration, called rework, may stem from inefficient information flow in design. This paper focuses on the structural complexity of information flow, and on the identification of root causes of the resulting rework. We propose that one can identify root causes for rework in the design phase of a project by (1) making actual information flow transparent and by (2) comparing actual information flow to planned information flow. After identifying misalignments between actual-and planned information flow, one can find their root causes, and then address those causes in order to reduce rework in design. We use a Multi Domain Matrix to deduce actual ('As is') and planned ('Should') information flow and then apply the Delta-Design Structure Matrix to compare the structures of the 'Should-' with the 'As is' perspective. The proposed hypotheses, "Comparing structural complexity between the 'Should-' and the 'As is' perspective helps to identify misalignments" and "Reduction of misalignments between actualand planned information flow reduces rework in design" were tested during the detailed design phase of a project. The Multi Domain Matrix and Design Structure Matrix were successfully applied: comparison of structural complexity aided in making actual information flow transparent and in reducing rework

SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION FLOW IN AN IPD-PROJECT DESIGN ORGANIZATION

ABSTRACT Lean Construction recommends concurrent development of product and process by bringing Last Planners into the design phase. While this approach offers opportunities to reduce downstream waste and improve value generation, it increases coordination complexity during design due to the increased number of participants in the design team. In large projects, this increased number of participants can demand a multiteam structure with roles and mechanisms to coordinate the work between teams. In a case study we document the coordination mechanisms of a design organization on a large-scale construction project, being delivered under an Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) type contract, the Integrated Form of Agreement (IFOA). We conduct a Social Network Analysis (SNA) of information flow between people on the project, who work in a big-room environment. Analysis of this IPD-based social network with indices of degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and clustering, yields the following results: (1) the Chief Engineer and leaders of cross-functional teams play key roles in the coordination between teams, (2) people take on coordination jobs, even if it is not part of their formal role, and (3) IPD projects foster cross-functional collaboration. We conclude the paper with managerial recommendations for the efficient and effective coordination of IPD-based design project organizations and ideas for future research

SET-BASED PLANNING IN THE DECOMMISSIONING OF A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

ABSTRACT Decommissioning of nuclear facilities is a rapidly growing field in which construction techniques are applied within a dangerous environment. Radiation and contamination complicate the design of the decommissioning process. The main objectives of decommissioning are to maintain a safe environment for workers and to avoid loosing material. Secondly, the decommissioning process shall minimize the amount of contaminated material that must be stored safely for a long time. Decommissioning processes, as well as construction processes, often consist of several inter-related tasks. During the decommissioning process planning, several feasible procedures for each task must be evaluated within the context of the overall system and regarding delivery of customer value. This paper documents a case-study during which a two staged set-based planning approach was applied to rigorously explore the planning space of a dismantling process at a nuclear power plant in Germany. The result of the planning process was then verified through a survey of experienced practitioners