About one approach to the assessment of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises in conditions of economy modernization

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The problem of conformity of technical equipment and the number of employees in the agricultural enterprises arising in the process of modernization of the agricultural sector. As a means for evaluation of technical equipment are invited to use a special type of production functions, the distinctive feature of which is the simultaneous display of the micro - and macropaedia industry

Justification of the choice of units for mains-noah soil cultivation of sweet sorghum and their effectiveness

The article is devoted to problems of improving the efficiency of tillage crops. Presents an approach that focuses on the application of resource-saving technologies. To investigate the relationship between the financial welfare of the management and selection of units for primary processing of the soil. Conducted economic evaluation and identified the energy efficiency of main processing of the soil under sweet sorghum

Innovative production technology ethanol from sweet sorghum

The paper considers the technological aspects of production of ethanol from nontraditional for Russian Federation crops - sweet sorghum. Presents the technological scheme of alcohol production and fuel pellets from sweet sorghum. Special attention is paid to assessing the efficiency of alcohol production from sweet sorghum. The described advantage of sugar content in stem juice of sweet sorghum compared with other raw materials. Allegedly, the use of the technology for producing alcohol from sweet sorghum allows to save resources

Energy-saving technologies of cultivation of sugar sorghum

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The article describes the main elements of energy-saving technologies of cultivation of sugar sorghum, which, in particular, is the introduction of the combined units. Integrated units allow for one pass across the field to perform up to eight operations, thereby ensuring a significant reduction in energy costs, but there are certain negative points

Comparative evaluation of different machines for seedbed for sorghum

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The purpose of research - selection of the optimal composition of agricultural equipment for seedbed preparation for sweet sorghum. Identified and disclosed to the essential characteristics of technology. Thus, innovation in relation to agribusiness - is a new technology, new equipment, new plant varieties, new fertilizers and plant protection products. A special place is occupied by technical-technological and production innovatsii. In order to optimize the total cost in the cultivation of sorghum it is recommended to review the composition of sowing complexes, in order to optimize the timing of sowing, as well as reducing the complexity of the implementation

Modern problems of digitalization of agricultural production

© 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. At the present stage, the most promising form of digitalization of production and management in agriculture is the formation of an integrated digital production complex as an organic merger of technical means of digitalization of production on the basis of precision farming, artificial intelligence management, as well as information and analytical management system. The availability of such a powerful tool as an information and analytical system as part of an integrated digital production complex in combination with the most digitized production processes can simultaneously meet modern requirements for increasing productivity and reducing costs for the production of agricultural products and food, and a sharp increase in the quality of products. It is argued that the functioning of information and analytical systems in some large agricultural formations of the Republic of Tatarstan has provided a qualitative leap in the development of methods and means of digitalization of production and management. It became possible to integrate automated controls up to the level of agro-technological management without a gap between the organizational, economic and agro-technological levels. The main problems to be solved in the development of IAS IDPC are considered. Expert systems, which have been developing rapidly in recent years, seem to be a promising tool for solving such problems

About one approach to the assessment of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises in conditions of economy modernization

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The problem of conformity of technical equipment and the number of employees in the agricultural enterprises arising in the process of modernization of the agricultural sector. As a means for evaluation of technical equipment are invited to use a special type of production functions, the distinctive feature of which is the simultaneous display of the micro - and macropaedia industry

A conceptual model of intensifying use of rural areas

The article deals with the conceptual approach to the intensification of the use of rural areas. The author’s systematic study of the problem of intensification of the use of rural areas. Development of the conceptual model of the organization of the use of rural areas. In the process of studying the problem of intensification of the use of rural areas, the methods of monographic and logical analysis were used. The developed model proceeds from the fact that the process of intensification of the use of rural areas has an integral character, taking into account the interaction of different mechanisms of the use of the complex properties of rural areas. In it, in contrast to the traditional approach to territorial and agricultural planning, the category «territory» is replaced by the category «activity», concretized in relation to the territories. Within the framework of the conceptual model of the organization of the use of rural areas, it is stated that the measures to intensify the use of rural areas are designed to solve three interrelated tasks: - full involvement in the turnover of land resources in rural areas through the rationalization of the use of all types of agricultural land; - rational distribution of territorial resources in favor of socio-economic activities; - saving the total time spent on the creation, operation and use of rural resources

Modern problems of digitalization of agricultural production

© 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. At the present stage, the most promising form of digitalization of production and management in agriculture is the formation of an integrated digital production complex as an organic merger of technical means of digitalization of production on the basis of precision farming, artificial intelligence management, as well as information and analytical management system. The availability of such a powerful tool as an information and analytical system as part of an integrated digital production complex in combination with the most digitized production processes can simultaneously meet modern requirements for increasing productivity and reducing costs for the production of agricultural products and food, and a sharp increase in the quality of products. It is argued that the functioning of information and analytical systems in some large agricultural formations of the Republic of Tatarstan has provided a qualitative leap in the development of methods and means of digitalization of production and management. It became possible to integrate automated controls up to the level of agro-technological management without a gap between the organizational, economic and agro-technological levels. The main problems to be solved in the development of IAS IDPC are considered. Expert systems, which have been developing rapidly in recent years, seem to be a promising tool for solving such problems

Agribusiness in rural areas: Management Issues

The present article analyzes the trends determining the development of agribusiness in rural areas at the present stage of economic development, and highlights the new and most relevant features of its organization and management. At present, one of the important trends in the development of agribusiness in rural areas is the deepening process of production specialization with a simultaneous increase in the concentration of production and financial, industrial and commercial capital. The production specialization has an active influence on the structure of the sectors interacting in agribusiness in rural areas, which is manifested in the following situation. The size and number of agricultural enterprises is increasing and their number is gradually decreasing, while the total area of agricultural land owned by peasant (private) farms is gradually decreasing. According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic of Tatarstan, the total number of agricultural enterprises in 2007 was 751, including 607 profitable and 81 unprofitable ones. The overall profitability was 8.9 %. By 2018, the number of farms decreased to 486, out of which 443 were profitable, 43 unprofitable ones. The level of profitability for these farms was 9.6 %. Simultaneously with the decline in the number of agricultural enterprises, the population employed in agriculture was also declining. At the same time, in 2007, 104.9 thousand people were employed in agriculture, which equaled to 11 % of the rural population; by 2018, employment in agricultural activities decreased to 59.4 thousand people, which was 6.6 % of the rural population. With the deepening of specialization, the complexity in the organization and cooperation of activities in the agribusiness system has increased. Individual producers have lost their independence. They largely depend on related participants. In these conditions, the problem of centralized coordination and regulation arises and the role of administrative management is strengthened to ensure the coordination of specialized activities. In the food policy pursued by the state, an increasing number of agrarian business entities are forced to apply directly to the government for resolving certain issues related to land use regulation, environmental protection, etc