The Relationship of Anthropometric Ratios and Kinematic & Kinetic Measures of the Hip in Recreational Male Athletes Performing the Back Squat

The back squat exercise is a popular resistance exercise that involves synchronous movement of the entire body to perform the movement properly . The two main focuses when considering engaging in the back squat exercise are the risks of injury and the enhancement of performance. There is little information and scant understanding on the way body proportionality impacts the risk of injury and performance. The present study investigated this issue by investigating if there was a relationship between anthropometric ratios and kinematic & kinetic outcomes from the left and right hip when experienced, male back squatters performed a single repetition at 80% of 1RM load. Additionally, this study compared the kinematic & kinetic outcomes of the left and right hip. The results of this study showed that amongst experienced, male back squatters, there was no relationship of kinematic and kinetic outcomes to the anthropometric ratios. The results did indicate that there were significant differences between the outcomes of the left and right hip in four of the twelve comparisons. There was little variance amongst the anthropometric ratios of the subjects and they were an experienced group of back squatters. These two factors are believed to have impacted the results. Future studies could use subjects of more varied anthropometric ratios and subjects with less experience

The Relationship of Anthropometric Ratios and Kinematic & Kinetic Measures of the Hip in Recreational Male Athletes Performing the Back Squat

The back squat exercise is a popular resistance exercise that involves synchronous movement of the entire body to perform the movement properly . The two main focuses when considering engaging in the back squat exercise are the risks of injury and the enhancement of performance. There is little information and scant understanding on the way body proportionality impacts the risk of injury and performance. The present study investigated this issue by investigating if there was a relationship between anthropometric ratios and kinematic & kinetic outcomes from the left and right hip when experienced, male back squatters performed a single repetition at 80% of 1RM load. Additionally, this study compared the kinematic & kinetic outcomes of the left and right hip. The results of this study showed that amongst experienced, male back squatters, there was no relationship of kinematic and kinetic outcomes to the anthropometric ratios. The results did indicate that there were significant differences between the outcomes of the left and right hip in four of the twelve comparisons. There was little variance amongst the anthropometric ratios of the subjects and they were an experienced group of back squatters. These two factors are believed to have impacted the results. Future studies could use subjects of more varied anthropometric ratios and subjects with less experience

De novo mutations in the actin genes ACTB and ACTG1 cause Baraitser-Winter syndrome

Item does not contain fulltextBrain malformations are individually rare but collectively common causes of developmental disabilities. Many forms of malformation occur sporadically and are associated with reduced reproductive fitness, pointing to a causative role for de novo mutations. Here, we report a study of Baraitser-Winter syndrome, a well-defined disorder characterized by distinct craniofacial features, ocular colobomata and neuronal migration defect. Using whole-exome sequencing of three proband-parent trios, we identified de novo missense changes in the cytoplasmic actin-encoding genes ACTB and ACTG1 in one and two probands, respectively. Sequencing of both genes in 15 additional affected individuals identified disease-causing mutations in all probands, including two recurrent de novo alterations (ACTB, encoding p.Arg196His, and ACTG1, encoding p.Ser155Phe). Our results confirm that trio-based exome sequencing is a powerful approach to discover genes causing sporadic developmental disorders, emphasize the overlapping roles of cytoplasmic actin proteins in development and suggest that Baraitser-Winter syndrome is the predominant phenotype associated with mutation of these two genes