Outerfactor and the indirect journal impact

In this paper, we use research chains across the citation graph as the basis for journal impact analysis. While some existing measures take into account research chains that end in a given journal, we calculate the proportion of research chains that include a journal, obtaining a new index of journal impact, Outerfactor, that is directly related to Pagerank (Brin and Page, 1998), Eigenfactor (Bergstrom, 2007) and the Invariant Method (Pinsky and Narin, 1976). In this way, the Outerfactor score obtained by each journal is independent on its own citation pattern and its article share. To our knowledge, this is the fi�rst measure that satis�fes these invariance properties whilst accounting for both direct and indirect impact. Based on research chains that connect two journals, we also construct new measures for analyzing cross-impact. This cross-impact analysis results in a two-fold view of Outerfactor in terms of a journal�'s infl�uence (impact) on other journals, or a journal�'s contribution to all journals' �impact scores. Finally, we provide an illustration with 60 economics journals, showing how Outerfactor performs compared to other measures: apart from its cardinal invariance, Outerfactor behaves more robustly to ordinal manipulation than other eigenvector-based measures.citation analysis, impact factor, eigenfactor, eigenvector-based measures, manipulation

Estimating the potential biomasses energy source of forest and agricultural residues in the cinque terre italian national park

This paper aims to evaluate the feasibility of biomasses exploitation as an alternative Energy source, in areas characterized by high environmental, cultural and landscaping value. In particular, a. methodology for assessing the energy potential from biomass was applied in protected areas, using Geographic Information System (GIS) software and data from European Program Conine Land Cover, jointly with other local data useful for analyzing the topography and the biomass availability of the chosen territory, as well as for an assessment of the necessary logistics for biomasses transportation. This methodology was applied to the Cinque Terre national park, obtaining as a result an estimation of the potential biomasses energy source coming from forest and agricultural residues

The political and social philosophy of the Roman Catholic church from Leo XIII to the present

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityIn order that this problem of the political and social philosophy of the Roman Catholic Church from Leo XIII to the present be more fully understood, it will be necessary to examine and evaluate the political, social, religious, cultural and economic currents of the nineteenth century, although it must be admitted that many of these nineteenth century movements had their naissance in the latter half of the eighteenth century and even earlier

Factors Affecting Water Usage From Texas' Colorado River

Rapidly increasing population along with episodes of drought puts a substantial strain on water resources in parts of the state of Texas. Thus, sustainable and long-term management of the future of water supply has become the priority among the state agencies and water managers. With municipal water demand expected to increase in the future it is important to understand the drivers of residential water demand in Texas. This study focuses on the Colorado River basin, which represents one of the largest basins delivering water to 41 counties across the state. Importantly, in order to meet the future needs for water, counties that typically rely on the Colorado River will likely be forced to depend increasingly on limited groundwater reserves in the future. A greater rate of depletion of these ground water reserves and their disappearance due to drought in turn, may threaten the long-term availability of water from the Colorado River basin. In this research we analyze the effects of climate patterns, socioeconomic factors, and land use patterns on per capita municipal water usage from the Colorado River across counties over the period from 1971 to 2014. Using fixed effects panel regression analysis methods, water usage from the Colorado River is found to be significantly determined by population density, home values, ethnicity, age, annual precipitation, and the number of hot days (temperature exceeding 29.44C) during summer months, along with urban structure. Results suggest that areas with greater annual precipitation and a higher housing price index tend to have a higher per capita municipal water usage. With regards to population demographics, results suggest that areas with a lower minority population and lower percentage of children (19 years old and younger) have a lower per capita municipal water usage. Results pertaining to urban structure suggest that counties adjacent to a metropolitan county have the highest per capita municipal water usage, urban counties the next highest, followed by metropolitan counties, and rural counties which have the lowest per capita municipal water usage

Um dicionário infantil bilíngue EspanholPortuguês com objetivos pedagógicos

IX Congresso Brasileiro de Hispanistas realizado nos dias 22 a 25 agosto 2016A proposta a seguir faz parte de uma pesquisa de doutorado em andamento na UFMG. Com base nos princípios da Lexicografia Pedagógica (LP), é possível produzir dicionários escolares e pedagógicos que têm a função de auxiliar o ensino escolar do idioma materno de línguas estrangeiras (LE), respectivamente (Hartman; James, 1998). Segundo Ferraz (2014), o dicionário pedagógico tem a função de, além de informar, orientar o aprendiz sobre o uso das unidades lexicais a fim de auxiliar na aprendizagem de uma LE. Assim, percebese que um dicionário pedagógico bilíngue de espanholportuguês é um recurso didático útil para a aprendizagem de espanhol e também uma necessidade urgente, tendo em vista a carência desse tipo de material no mercado editorial do país principalmente destinado a aprendizes entre 7 e 11 anos. O reconhecimento por parte do MEC de que os dicionários devem atender as demandas específicas de cada nível da Educação Básica, reforçou os pressupostos oferecidos pela LP no tocante ao tema. Partindo de tais conceitos, estamos elaborando um dicionário pedagógico bilíngue infantil unidirecional, espanhol- português. A nomenclatura está sendo selecionada a partir de um corpus criado para esse fim, que constará de léxico levantando a partir de livros didáticos de espanhol utilizados no país no Ensino Fundamental I e, ainda, de textos extraídos da Internet como contos maravilhosos e histórias infantis. As definições são do tipo oracional para gerar maior envolvimento com o aprendiz e também por se aproximar da realidade escolar (Carvalho; Bagno, 2011). A microestrutura contempla desde informações morfológicas e gramaticais até expressões idiomáticas. A palavra equivalente em português, abonações e exemplos de uso são apresentados, assim como Ilustrações que complementam as definiçõesUNILA­-UNIOEST

Overcoming the ‘tenant-owner dilemma’ to foster energy efficiency in residential private rented housing

The Recast Energy Efficiency Directive 2023 has defined the concept of 'split incentive', also known as 'tenant-owner dilemma'. This dilemma refers to the situation where neither landlords nor tenants have incentives to invest in energy efficiency upgrades. Although the Energy Efficiency Directive calls Member States to remove legal barriers to remove split incentives and to encourage retrofits, the list of possible measures is too vague. This paper aims at discussing tenancy law measures designed to increase the energy efficiency of residential housing and to detect which Member States have already addressed this phenomenon. This paper analyses, from a civil legal perspective, the possible private law barriers arising from the tenant-owner dilemma when performing energy efficiency works in selected countries and proposes legal reforms in tenancy law and related policies to overcome them. To do so, this paper follows a legal-doghmatic and comparative law methodology. This paper concludes that some tenancy law provisions, such as the possibility to increase the rent after energy efficiency renovations and long-term leases, may challenge the tenant-owner dilemma in private rented markets, thus promoting renovations and retrofitting for energy efficiency purposes. It also proposes other policies intended to increase parties' willingness to undertake works. More research on the economic and legal efficiency to regulate some of the civil law measures to challenge the tenant-owner dilemma should be necessary. The civil law measures included in this paper may help national policy makers to meet the energy efficiency targets, according to what is established in the Recast Energy Efficiency Directive 2023. Based on the economic theory of the tenant-owner dilemma, this paper investigates the elements of tenancy law that may contribute to less energy-efficient homes, proposing policies for those countries interested in addressing the energy-efficiency challenge from a private law point of view