Tiered Assessment in Upper-Level Undergraduate Physics

Tiered assessment is a differentiated assessment strategy where students can choose to attempt advanced assessment tasks. We discuss the use of tiered assessment in second and third year electromagnetics courses.Comment: 3 page

Eigth part of the main simulation results

Eigth part of the main simulation result

Fourth part of the main simulation results

must be joined with the other parts using cat. See dryad wiki for instructions

Modularity models for P-matrices with size variation

Data frame describing the modularity models used to test P-matrices with size variation. May be used as argument 'mod' in the 'EMMLi' function in R

Modularity models for P-matrices without isometry

Description of modularity models used to test P-matrices without isometric size variation. May be used as argument 'mod' in 'EMMLi' R function

Definition of each developmental, hormonal and functional unit

Data frame describing which distances belong to each developmental, hormonal or functional unit. 1 for distances that belong to the unit and 0 for distances that do not belong to the unit. May be used as the argument 'modularity.hypot' in the function 'TestModularity' of the 'evolqg' R package

Fifth part of the main simulation results

Fifth part of the main simulation result

Modularity models for P-matrices without allometry

Description of modularity models used to test P-matrices without allometric size variation. May be used as argument 'mod' in 'EMMLi' R function

List of covariance matrices of all toad species

List of residual covariance matrices for the 21 linear distances extracted from toad skull. The matrices were constructed using residuals of multivariate linear models controlling for sex and locality. This list can be read in R using load('cov.list_data'). To construct correlation matrices, use lapply(cov.list, cov2cor)

Phenotypic matrices with size variation

Pearson product-moment correlation matrices of all toad species for the 21 linear distances