Антиоксиданты в яблочном соке

We examined to what degree the visualization of anatomic structures in the human knee is improved using 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and many element RF receive coils as compared to 1.5 T. We imaged 20 knees at 1.5 and 3.0 T using T2-weighted STIR, T2-weighted gradient echo, T1-weighted spin-echo, true-FISP and T2-weighted fast spin echo techniques in conjunction with 32-element RF coil arrays. The 3.0-T examination was considerably faster than its 1.5-T counterpart. A superior subjective visibility at 3.0 T vs 1.5 T was found in 27 of 50 evaluated structures (meniscus, ligaments) with the exception of true-FISP techniques. The 3.0-T examination provided a better visibility (evaluated by blinded consensus-reading by two radiologists) of small structures such as the ligamentum transversum genu. Also, cartilage was better delineated at 3.0 T. A 23% increased average signal-to-noise ratio as assessed using a temporal filter was observed at 3.0 T as compared to 1.5 T. At 3.0 T, imaging of the human knee is faster and results in a subjective visibility of anatomic structures that is superior to and competitive with 1.5 T

Газогидродинамические исследования скважин в условиях установившегося режима течения

Purpose: Interventional magnetic resonance imaging requires dedicated and MR-compatible devices. The guidewire is a key item for intravascular interventions. Mechanical stability, good visibility during real-time imaging, and RF safety are essential. A novel fiber-compound MR guidewire (GW) was evaluated in different MR-guided interventional scenarios. Materials and Methods: The GW (diameter 0.032") consists of a fiber-compound produced using a micropultrusion technique doped with iron particles and a 10-cm Nitinol tip. Several iron splints are additionally attached at regular distances to visualize GW-movement. A protective polymer jacket with hydrophilic coating covers the core material. As approved by the government committee on animal investigations, the GW was evaluated in 5 pigs. Under complete MR-guidance, catheterization of the carotid and renal arteries, segmental arteries of the kidneys, the contralateral inguinal artery, and the left ventricle was performed using real-time gradient echo sequences in a 1.5 Tesla scanner. Different interventional applications including balloon dilatation, stent deployment, and embolization of small vessels were investigated. The time to probe the vessels under magnetic resonance imaging guidance and visibility of the GW are assessed. Handling and visibility under fluoroscopy were compared with a standard Nitinol guidewire as a benchmark. Results: On real-time magnetic resonance imaging, the iron-induced artifacts enabled a distinct visualization of the GW shaft and of its markings with a mean size of 2.6 mm and 5.4 mm, respectively. This facilitated fast navigation to the target vessels (averages: renal arteries 16 seconds, carotid artery 5 seconds, and contralateral inguinal artery 42 seconds.) with an exact depiction of the respective vessel. All interventional procedures were performed successfully. No GW-related side effects as kinking or breakage of the wire or GW induced blood-clotting were observed. All interventionalists assessed handling of the GW to be nearly equal in terms of stiffness, flexibility, and guidance compared with a standard Nitinol guidewire. X-ray visibility was less distinct but still diagnostically good. Conclusion: With the aid of the GW, different fully real-time MR-guided endovascular interventions become feasible

Совершенствование системы внутреннего контроля по оплате труда в бюджетном учреждении на примере БУ РА «Управление социальной поддержки населения Улаганского района»

Объектом исследования является Бюджетное учреждение Республики Алтай "Управление социальной поддержки населения Улаганского района". Целью магистерской диссертации является разработка направлений совершенствования организации системы внутреннего контроля по оплате труда в Бюджетном учреждении Республики Алтай "Управление социальной поддержки населения Улаганского района". В результате исследования была разработана методика внедрения организации системы внутреннего контроля по оплате труда в БУ РА "УСПН Улаганского района".The object of this research is the Budgetary institution of the Altai Republic "Department of social support of the population of the Ulagan district". The purpose of this master's thesis is to develop ways for improving the organization of the internal control system for wages in the Budgetary institution of the Altai Republic "Department of social support of the population of the Ulagan district". As a result of the studies have been formulated a methodology for the implementation of internal control on wages in the Budgetary institution of the Altai Republic "Department of social support of the population of the Ulagan district"

Toward cardiovascular MRI at 7 T: clinical needs, technical solutions and research promises

OBJECTIVE: To consider potential clinical needs, technical solutions and research promises of ultrahigh-field strength cardiovascular MR (CMR). METHODS: A literature review is given, surveying advantages and disadvantages of CMR at ultrahigh fields (UHF). Key concepts, emerging technologies, practical considerations and applications of UHF CMR are provided. Examples of UHF CMR imaging strategies and their added value are demonstrated, including the numerous unsolved problems. A concluding section explores future directions in UHF CMR. RESULTS: UHF CMR can be regarded as one of the most challenging MRI applications. Image quality achievable at UHF is not always exclusively defined by signal-to-noise considerations. Some of the inherent advantages of UHF MRI are offset by practical challenges. But UHF CMR can boast advantages over its kindred lower field counterparts by trading the traits of high magnetic fields for increased temporal and/or spatial resolution. CONCLUSIONS: CMR at ultrahigh-field strengths is a powerful motivator, since speed and signal may be invested to overcome the fundamental constraints that continue to hamper traditional CMR. If practical challenges can be overcome, UHF CMR will help to open the door to new approaches for basic science and clinical research

За кадры. 1998. № 10 (2989)

"Время не властно над ними, они снова на передовой" / А. В. ВодопьяновА завтра грянет первомай... / Н. Глушко"Памяти павших будьте достойны..." / Н. ГлушкоМемориал на Смоленщине / И. Т. ЛозовскийМастер / В. Г. Лукьянов, В. Ф. Куцепаленко140 лет со дня рождения профессора В. П. Алексеевского / Ю. М. ЛозинскийУ вас есть шанс! / Ю. ГренкинДан приказ ему на запад, ей - в другую сторону... / В. СложноцветныхНазад, в прошлое... / А. НемыкинПисьмо в редакцию / Н. Хлебникова [и др.