151 research outputs found
Association of laparoscopic surgery with improved perioperative and survival outcomes in patients with resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A systematic seview and meta-analysis from propensity-score matched studies
Background: Recent studies have associated laparoscopic surgery with better overall survival (OS) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). The potential benefits of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) over open liver resection (OLR) have not been demonstrated in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC).
Methods: A systematic review of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases was performed to search studies comparing OS and perioperative outcome for patients with resectable iCC. Propensity-score matched (PSM) studies published from database inception to May 1, 2022 were eligible. A frequentist, patient-level, one-stage meta-analysis was performed to analyze the differences in OS between LLR and OLR. Second, intraoperative, postoperative, and oncological outcomes were compared between the two approaches by using a random-effects DerSimonian-Laird model.
Results: Six PSM studies involving data from 1.042 patients (530 OLR vs. 512 LLR) were included. LLR in patients with resectable iCC was found to significantly decrease the hazard of death (stratified hazard ratio [HR]: 0.795 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.638-0.992]) compared with OLR. Moreover, LLR appears to be significantly associated with a decrease in intraoperative bleeding (- 161.47 ml [95% CI - 237.26 to - 85.69 ml]) and transfusion (OR = 0.41 [95% CI 0.26-0.69]), as well as with a shorter hospital stay (- 3.16 days [95% CI - 4.98 to - 1.34]) and a lower rate of major (Clavien-Dindo ≥III) complications (OR = 0.60 [95% CI 0.39-0.93]).
Conclusions: This large meta-analysis of PSM studies shows that LLR in patients with resectable iCC is associated with improved perioperative outcomes and, being conservative, yields similar OS outcomes compared with OLR
Cirugía laparoscópica hepática y pancreática
The development of laparoscopic surgery also
includes the more complex procedures of abdominal
surgery such as those that affect the liver and the
pancreas. From diagnostic laparoscopy, accompanied
by laparoscopic echography, to major hepatic or
pancreatic resections, the laparoscopic approach has
spread and today encompasses practically all of the
surgical procedures in hepatopancreatic pathology.
Without forgetting that the aim of minimally invasive
surgery is not a better aesthetic result but the
reduction of postoperative complications, it is
undeniable that the laparoscopic approach has
brought great benefits for the patient in every type of
surgery except, for the time being, in the case of big
resections such as left or right hepatectomy or
resections of segments VII and VIII.
Pancreatic surgery has undergone a great
development with laparoscopy, especially in the field
of distal pancreatectomy due to cystic and
neuroendocrine tumours where the approach of choice
is laparoscopic. Laparoscopy similarly plays an
important role, together with echolaparoscopy, in
staging pancreatic tumours, prior to open surgery or
for indicating suitable treatment.
In coming years, it is to be hoped that it will
continue to undergo an exponential development and,
together with the advances in robotics, it will be
possible to witness a greater impact of the
laparoscopic approach on the field of hepatic and
pancreatic surgery
Portal Revascularization in the Setting of Cavernous Transformation Through a Paracholedocal Vein: A Case Report
Diffuse thrombosis of the entire portal system (PVT) and cavernomatous
transformation of the portal vein (CTPV) represents a demanding challenge in
liver transplantation. We present the case of a patient with nodular regenerative
hyperplasia and recurrent episodes of type B hepatic encephalopathy concomitant
with PVT as well as CTPV, successfully treated with orthotopic liver
transplantation. The portal inflow to the graft was carried out through the
confluence of 2 thin paracholedochal varicose veins, obtaining good early graft
function and recovery of the encephalopatic episodes. This alternative should be
kept in mind as an option to assure hepatopetal splanchnic flow in those cases of
diffuse thrombosis and cavernomatous transformation of portal vein.
CI - Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
The obestatin receptor (GPR39) is expressed in human adipose tissue and is down-regulated in obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus
The G protein-coupled receptor 39 (GPR39) has recently been identified
as the receptor for obestatin, a peptidic hormone involved in energy homeostasis.
However, the expression levels of this receptor in human adipose tissue in
obesity and obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain unknown.
Therefore, we evaluated the actual presence of GPR39 mRNA in human adipose tissue
and whether GPR39 expression levels are altered in obesity and obesity-associated
T2DM. DESIGN: Omental adipose tissue biopsies obtained from 15 women were used in
the study. Patients were classified as lean (body mass index 20.8 +/- 1.0
kg/m(2)), obese normoglycaemic (body mass index 48.4 +/- 2.1 kg/m(2)) and obese
T2DM patients (body mass index 52.6 +/- 4.9 kg/m(2)). Anthropometric measurements
and biochemical profiles were assessed for each subject. Real-time RT-PCR
analyses were performed to quantify transcript levels of GPR39 and adiponectin.
RESULTS: Obese T2DM patients exhibited significantly lower GPR39 expression
levels compared to lean (P = 0.016) and obese normoglycaemic subjects (P =
0.008), while no differences between lean and obese normoglycaemic patients were
observed. The mRNA expression levels of GPR39 were negatively correlated to
fasting glucose concentrations (r = -0.581, P = 0.023), while exhibiting a
positive correlation to adiponectin mRNA expression levels (r = 0.674, P =
0.006). CONCLUSION: GPR39 is expressed in human adipose tissue. The reduced
expression levels of GPR39 in omental adipose tissue observed in obese patients
with T2DM suggest an involvement of obestatin signalling in glucose homeostasis
and T2DM development
Association of increased Visfatin/PBEF/NAMPT circulating concentrations and gene expression levels in peripheral blood cells with lipid metabolism and fatty liver in human morbid obesity
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is an
adipokine with physiological effects on the control of glucose homeostasis as
well as potentially involved in inflammation. The association of circulating
NAMPT concentrations with obesity has not been clearly established. The aim of
the present work was to evaluate the effect of obesity on circulating
concentrations and gene expression levels of NAMPT in human peripheral blood
cells (PBCs) as well as its involvement in inflammation, glucose and lipid
metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-four serum samples obtained from 14 lean
and 30 obese volunteers were used to analyse the circulating concentrations of
NAMPT. In addition, PBC, omental adipose tissue (OM) and liver biopsy samples
obtained from a subgroup of subjects were used to determine transcript levels of
NAMPT by Real-time PCR. Glucose and lipid profile as well as several inflammatory
factors and hepatic enzymes were analysed. NAMPT circulating concentrations
(P<0.01) and gene expression levels in PBC (P<0.05) were significantly increased
in obese patients as compared to lean subjects. Total-cholesterol (P=0.016),
HDL-cholesterol (P=0.036) and triglycerides (P=0.050) were significant and
independent determinants of circulating concentrations of NAMPT (P<0.01).
Moreover, a positive correlation (P<0.01) was found with the hepatic enzymes
alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and
gamma-glutamyltransferase after BMI adjustment. CONCLUSION: Our work shows that
NAMPT circulating concentrations and mRNA expression levels in PBC are increased
in obese patients and that plasma NAMPT levels are related to inflammation, lipid
metabolism and hepatic enzymes suggesting a potential involvement in fatty liver
disease and in the obesity-associated inflammatory stat
Angiomiolipoma epitelioide hepático
Abstract: We describe the case of a hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma in a 50-year-old woman with epigastric pain and well-circumscribed 47 mm hepatic mass detected by ultrasonography. Angiomyolipoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor of the liver, composed of variable amounts of smooth muscle cells, abnormal blood vessels and adipose tissue. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult. Immunoreactivity with HMB-45 antibody helps to distinguish this tumor from other benign and malignant tumors of the liver
Expression of caveolin-1 in human adipose tissue is upregulated in obesity and obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus and related to inflammation
Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) plays important roles in many aspects of cellular
biology, including vesicular transport, cholesterol homeostasis and signal
transduction. The aim of the present study was to explore gene expression levels
of CAV-1 in human adipose tissue in obesity and obesity-associated type 2
diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to analyse its potential implication in the
inflammatory state associated with obesity. DESIGN AND METHODS: Visceral adipose
tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) obtained from 15 females were
used in the study. Patients were classified as lean (BMI 20.8 +/- 1.0 kg/m(2)) or
obese (BMI 50.5 +/- 2.6 kg/m(2)). The obese group was further subclassified as
normoglycaemic (NG) or patients with T2DM. Anthropometric measurements as well as
circulating metabolites, hormones and adipokines were determined. Real-time
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses were performed to quantify transcript
levels of CAV-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1). RESULTS: The
presence of CAV-1 protein was detected in VAT and SAT by immunohistochemistry.
Both obese NG and with T2DM patients exhibited significantly higher CAV-1
expression levels in VAT and SAT compared with lean subjects (P < 0.05). No
differences between obese NG and T2DM patients were observed in VAT. However,
obese T2DM patients were found to have higher CAV-1 expression levels in SAT (P <
0.05) compared with obese NG patients. A significant correlation was found
between CAV-1 mRNA expression levels in VAT and different circulating
inflammatory markers such as sialic acid (SA) (P < 0.001) and fibrinogen (P <
0.001) as well as with MCP1 mRNA expression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings
show for the first time the upregulation of mRNA CAV-1 expression levels in VAT
and SAT of obese NG and obese T2DM patients compared with lean controls,
suggesting a role for CAV-1 in obesity and T2DM development. The association with
different inflammatory markers further suggests an implication of CAV-1 in the
low-grade inflammation accompanying obesity
Increased circulating and visceral adipose tissue expression levels of YKL-40 in obesity-associated type 2 diabetes are related to inflammation: impact of conventional weight loss and gastric bypass
Context: Plasma YKL-40 is elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes. The potential role of visceral
adipose tissue (VAT) as a significant source of YKL-40 is unknown.
Objective: In the study circulating and expression levels of YKL-40 were examined in VAT analyzing
the contribution of adipocytes and stromovascular fraction cells (SVFCs).Wealso explored YKL-40’s
implication in insulin resistance and inflammation and the effect of weight loss on plasma YKL-40
concentrations.
PatientsandMethods: Samples obtained from 53 subjects were used in the study.Geneandprotein
expression levels of YKL-40 were analyzed in VAT as well as in both adipocytes and SVFCs. In
addition, circulating YKL-40 concentrations were measured before and after weight loss achieved
either by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n 26) or after a conventional dietetic program (n 20).
Results: Circulating concentrations and VAT expression of YKL-40 were increased in obese patients
with type 2 diabetes (P 0.01) as well as associated with variables of insulin resistance and inflammation.
No differences in YKL-40 expression levels between adipocytes and SVFCs were detected.
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and homeostasis model assessment emerged (P
0.01) as independent factors predicting circulating YKL-40. Elevated levels of YKL-40 in obese
patients decreased after weight loss following a conventional hypocaloric diet (P 0.05) but not
via a surgery-induced negative energy balance mediated by the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
Conclusions: The association of increased YKL-40 mRNA and protein levels in VAT with its circulating
concentrations indicates an important contribution of VAT in YKL-40 regulation. Furthermore,
our data suggest a relevant role of glucose metabolism and inflammation on YKL-40
regulation
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) of the pancreas: clinico-pathologic results
Background: intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm
(IPMN) shows a series of lesions which evolve from benign lesions
–adenoma– to invasive carcinoma.
Aim: to analyze the clinical and pathological results of 15 patients
diagnosed of IPMN, and surgically treated according to the
guidelines of International Consensus Conference.
Material and methods: a retrospective analysis of 15 patients
surgically treated between March 1993 and September
2009, according to the International Consensus recommendation.
Demographic, diagnostic tools, surgical report, pathologic
database and actuarial survival were analyzed with a follow-up
from one and a half month through nine years.
Results: 6 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomies,
4 total pancreatectomies, 2 body or central pancreatectomies, 2 partial
pancreatectomies (enucleation) and 1 distal pancreatectomy.
A morbidity of 46 and 0% hospital mortality were assessed, with
a median length hospital stay of 10 days. In five cases, the IPMN
was combined type (both main and branch pancreatic ducts involved)
in four main duct-type and branch duct-type in the another
six as well. Several atypia (IPMN carcinoma in situ) was
observed in 2 patients and invasive carcinoma with negative
lymph nodes was identified in 3 patients. A patient without invasive
carcinoma died at 66 months of follow-up for pancreas adenocarcinoma.
The actuarial survival up to recurrence or death
was 105,133 months with a range of follow-up from 1 month
and a half until 9 years.
Conclusions: IPMN main duct or mixed type warrants complete
resection due to its incidence of invasive carcinoma or precursor
lesions of malignancy as well. Due to its multifocal pattern,
patients should be followed in long-term surveillance. The management
of asymptomatic IPMN type branch less than 3 cm is
controversial
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