Nonlinear polarization effects in optical fibers: polarization attraction and modulation instability [Invited]

We review polarization stabilization techniques based on the polarization attraction effect in low-birefringence fibers. Polarization attraction or pulling may be based on cross-polarization modulation, on parametric amplification, and on Raman or Brillouin scattering. We also review methods for laser frequency conversion based on polarization modulation instabilities in low- and high-birefringence fibers, and photonic crystal fibers. Polarization instabilities in nonlinear fibers may also be exploited for sensing applications

La distribution des bauxites sur le craton ouest-africain

Les études antérieures menées sur les bauxites latéritiques permettent de distinguer des faciès originels d'altération et des faciès dérivés de dégradation. Dans le paysage, leur étagement correspond à des mécanismes d'aplanissements géochimiques. A l'échelle du craton ouest-africain, les différences d'altitude des gisements rendent compte du bombement du craton au cours du Tertiair

Parabolic pulse generation with active or passive dispersion decreasing optical fibers

We experimentally demonstrate the possibility to generate parabolic pulses via a single dispersion decreasing optical fiber with normal dispersion. We numerically and experimentally investigate the influence of the dispersion profile, and we show that a hybrid configuration combining dispersion decrease and gain has several benefits on the parabolic generated pulses