529 research outputs found
Measuring Competitiveness at NUTS3 Level and Territorial Partitioning of the Italian Provinces
In this paper we propose a dashboard of indicators of territorial attractiveness at NUTS3
level in the framework of the EU Regional Competitiveness Index (RCI). Then, the Fuzzy
C-Medoids Clustering model with multivariate data and contiguity constraints is applied for
partitioning the Italian provinces (NUTS3). The novelty is the territorial level analized, and
the identification of the elementary indicators at the basis of the construction of the eleven
composite competitiveness pillars. The positioning of the Italian provinces is deeply analyzed.
The clusters obtained with and without contraints are compared. The obtained partition
may play an important role in the design of policies at the NUTS3 level, a route
already considered by the Italian government. The analysis developed and the related set of
indicators at NUTS3 level constitute an information base that could be effectively used for
the implementation of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP)
Comparison between methods for the determination of the primary cosmic ray mass composition from the longitudinal profile of atmospheric cascades
The determination of the primary cosmic ray mass composition from the
longitudinal development of atmospheric cascades is still a debated issue. In
this work we discuss several data analysis methods and show that if the entire
information contained in the longitudinal profile is exploited, reliable
results may be obtained. Among the proposed methods FCC ('Fit of the Cascade
Curve'), MTA ('Multiparametric Topological Analysis') and NNA ('Neural Net
Analysis') with conjugate gradient optimization algorithm give the best
accuracy.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, accepted by Astroparticle Physics, minor
misprints and an extra figure remove
Eddy covariance and sap flow measurement of energy and mass exchanges of woody crops in a Mediterranean environment
Evapotranspiration estimation by micrometeorological techniques through the assessment of mass and energy exchanges in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) is a very active research area, involving both well-known and novel measurement techniques. A crucial aspect in validating experimental results is the integration of independent measurements of mass and energy exchanges in the SPAC. To this aim, the development and validation of an integrated approach in major tree crop species, involving different independent techniques, are presented. Eddy covariance estimates of ET fluxes were compared to up-scaled sap flow measurements in olive, orange and grapevine, three important Mediterranean tree crop species with contrasting ecophysiological characteristics and responses to water deficits. These differences can affect directly the degree of coupling of the tree to the environment and, consequently, the degree of correspondence between instantaneous transpirational flux at tree level and the micrometeorological measurement of ET at orchard level. Data were analyzed to verify to what extent, in the three species, transpirational flow at orchard level is regulated by tree conductance, capacitance effects related to tree size or by environmental demand. Hourly observations were helpful in detecting physiological processes of the three species only when data were analyzed taking into consideration their diurnal changes
Estudio hidrogeolĂłgico y de calidad de agua en el sector oriental de la Sierra de San Javier entre las localidades de Yerba Buena y el Manantial. Provincia de Tucuman, Republica Argentina
The study area is located in the center west of the county of Tucumán, in the NW of Argentina. It extends from the oriental border of San Javier’s mountain between the towns of Yerba Buena and Manantial. In the piedmont zone and plain, have settled down diverse urban, agricultural centers and an important industrial complex that are supplied by underground water. The objective of this paper is to define the different geologic factors that impact in the behavior of the underground water and to define areas with appropriate hydrogeological characteristics for its use. The investigation determined that the water contained in the aquifers is of good quality and due to the high permeability, important flows can be obtained, that guarantee the supply to the population, agriculture and industry.La zona de estudio está ubicada en el centro oeste de la provincia de Tucumán, en el noroeste de Argentina. Se extiende desde el borde oriental de la sierra de San Javier entre las localidades de Yerba Buena y el Manantial. En el piedemonte y llanura se han establecido diversos centros urbanos, agrĂcolas y un importante complejo industrial que se abastecen de agua subterránea. El objetivo del trabajo es delimitar los distintos factores geolĂłgicos que inciden en el comportamiento del agua subterránea y tratar de definir zonas con caracterĂsticas hidrogeolĂłgicas apropiadas para su aprovechamiento. De esta investigaciĂłn se determinĂł que el agua que contienen los acuĂferos es de buena calidad y debido a la elevada permeabilidad de los mismos, se pueden obtener importantes caudales, con lo que se garantiza el abastecimiento a la poblaciĂłn, agricultura e industria
Analisi microstrutturale di giunzioni Friction Stir Welding in alluminio AA6060-T6: correlazione tra parametri di processo e dimensione dei grani
Il presente lavoro illustra i risultati di una campagna sperimentale finalizzata allo studio della microstruttura digiunzioni ottenute mediante tecnologia FSW – Friction Stir Welding. La campagna sperimentale è stata eseguitasu piatti di alluminio AA6060-T6 di spessore 8 mm saldati di testa. Le saldature sono state ottenute variandoi parametri di processo, vale a dire la velocità di rotazione (S [giri/min]) e la velocità di avanzamento (f [mm/min]) dell’utensile. L’esame metallografico è stato effettuato con lo scopo di esaminare la microstrutturadella sezione trasversale dei giunti in funzione dei parametri di processo e di valutare la dimensione deigrani nelle varie regioni della zona di saldatura: Nugget, ZTA – Zona Termicamente Alterata, ZTMA - ZonaTermo-Meccanicamente Alterata. Il conteggio dei grani è stato effettuato secondo la norma ASTM E112-96(2004). Il rapporto f/S tra velocità di avanzamento e velocità di rotazione è risultato essere un parametroparticolarmente significativo per la variazione della microstruttura delle giunzioni esaminate. Il Nugget hamesso in luce una microstruttura a grani molto fini aventi una dimensione media pari a circa un terzo di quelladei grani del materiale base. La dimensione dei grani in questa zona decresce linearmente all’aumentare delrapporto f/S. La ZTMA è risultata costituita da grani fortemente allungati ed orientati diversamente rispetto aquelli delle zone circostanti. Anche in questo caso è stato possibile osservare una relazione pressoché linearetra dimensione dei grani e rapporto f/S. La ZTA ha invece evidenziato una dimensione dei grani che decresceall’aumentare del rapporto f/S. La qualità delle giunzioni, in termini di resistenza a trazione, è stata infinecorrelata con le caratteristiche metallurgiche rilevate nella zona di saldatura
Estimation of actual evapotranspiration of Mediterranean perennial crops by means of remote-sensing based surface energy balance models.
Actual evapotranspiration from typical Mediterranean crops has been assessed in a Sicilian study area by using surface energy balance (SEB) and soil-water balance models. Both modelling approaches use remotely sensed data to estimate evapotranspiration fluxes in a spatially distributed way. The first approach exploits visible (VIS), near infrared (NIR) and thermal (TIR) observations to solve the surface energy balance equation whereas the soil-water balance model uses only VIS-NIR data to detect the spatial variability of crop parameters. Considering that the study area is characterized by typical spatially sparse Mediterranean vegetation, i.e. olive, citrus and vineyards, alternating bare soil and canopy, we focused the attention on the main conceptual differences between one-source and two-sources energy balance models. Two different models have been tested: the widely used one-source SEBAL model, where soil and vegetation are considered as the sole source (mostly appropriate in the case of uniform vegetation coverage) and the two sources TSEB model, where soil and vegetation components of the surface energy balance are treated separately. Actual evapotranspiration estimates by means of the two surface energy balance models have been compared vs. the outputs of the agro-hydrological SWAP model, which was applied in a spatially distributed way to simulate one-dimensional water flow in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Remote sensing data in the VIS and NIR spectral ranges have been used to infer spatially distributed vegetation parameters needed to set up the upper boundary condition of SWAP. Actual evapotranspiration values obtained from the application of the soil water balance model SWAP have been considered as the reference to be used for energy balance models accuracy assessment. Airborne hyperspectral data acquired during a NERC (Natural Environment Research Council, UK) campaign in 2005 have been used. The results of this investigation seem to prove a slightly better agreement between SWAP and TSEB for some fields of the study area. Further investigations are programmed in order to confirm these indications
UAV LOW-COST SYSTEM FOR EVALUATING AND MONITORING THE GROWTH PARAMETERS OF CROPS
New generation sensors (RGB, thermal, NIR and multispectral cameras) on unmanned aerial vehicles are continuously being developed for precision farming applications. In particular, this paper presents a study and an experimentation linked to the determination of viticulture growth indices by integrating the innovative techniques of digital photogrammetry from UAV platform, GPS satellite technique and traditional measures. Furthermore we demonstrate that the products from the processed raw-data represent good quality support to determine health state of the crop, and provide in addition a quantitative evaluation of the observed data. Through the use of such a technology it is possible to improve productivity between 15% and 17%, reducing the market price of the product and the costs of control and management. In particular, during the monitoring campaign lasting three years from 2015 to 2017, it was possible to observe that vine cultivation increased the growth index by about 12% following the corrections resulting from the critical interpretation of the results
Optimized Planar Penning Traps for Quantum Information Studies
A one-electron qubit would offer a new option for quantum information
science, including the possibility of extremely long coherence times.
One-quantum cyclotron transitions and spin flips have been observed for a
single electron in a cylindrical Penning trap. However, an electron suspended
in a planar Penning trap is a more promising building block for the array of
coupled qubits needed for quantum information studies. The optimized design
configurations identified here promise to make it possible to realize the
elusive goal of one trapped electron in a planar Penning trap for the first
time - a substantial step toward a one-electron qubit
Observations on midgut of Apis mellifera workers (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) under controlled acute exposures to a Bacillus thuringiensis-based biopesticide
International audienceAbstractMorphostructural investigations have been carried out on Apis mellifera workers treated with single controlled acute exposures to a biopesticide containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), to detect midgut changes until 96Â h. Our findings show concentration-dependence of these changes, reflecting in different degrees on both mortality and behaviour. In particular, some midgut changes are also found 96 h after treatment. Our results show that the tested product does not affect survival at presumable environmental concentrations, so confirming the lesser toxicity of Bt-based biopesticides compared to other pesticides. However, in the light of the discovered long-term changes, we discuss the opportunity of taking into account possible chronic exposures to Bt-based products on A. mellifera
HidroquĂmica de la cuenca del rĂo Calera, provincia de Tucumán, RepĂşblica Argentina
The Calera river basin is located at the north of Tucumán Province, northwest of Argentina. In this region, there is a population dedicated almost exclusively to cattle and agricultural exploitations. The aim of the present work is to carry out the hydrochemical study of the Calera river basin evaluating their physical-chemical parameters, in order to determine water quality for human supply and its aptitude for irrigation. The obtained results were plotted in hydrochemical diagrams and maps to classify the type of water and to know its evolutionary state. Different types of waters were detected. Sulphated calcic waters prevail over sodium sulphated and bicarbonated ones in all superficial waters, phreatic and semi-confined aquifers. The chemical parameters obtained in the water samples are inside the potability range established by the World Health Organization.La cuenca del rĂo Calera se ubica al norte de la provincia de Tucumán, en el noroeste de Argentina. En esta regiĂłn existe un asentamiento poblacional dedicado casi exclusivamente a la explotaciĂłn agrĂcola- ganadera. El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar el estudio hidroquĂmico de la cuenca del rĂo Calera, mediante la evaluaciĂłn de sus parámetros fĂsico-quĂmicos, con el fin de determinar la calidad del agua para el abastecimiento humano y su aptitud para riego. Los resultados obtenidos fueron volcados en diagramas y mapas hidroquĂmicos para clasificar el tipo de agua y conocer su estado evolutivo. De esta manera, se detectaron diferentes tipos de aguas, donde las sulfatadas-cálcicas predominan sobre las sulfatadas-sĂłdicas y bicarbonatadas, tanto en las aguas superficiales, como en los acuĂferos libres y semiconfinados. Los valores de los parámetros quĂmicos obtenidos se encuentran dentro del rango de potabilidad establecido por la OrganizaciĂłn Mundial de la Salud
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