Preparation and characterization of papaverine-loaded poly[(R)-3- hydroxybutyrate] membranes to be used in the prevention of vasospasm

PubMed ID: 21502032The objective of this study is the preparation and characterization of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) membrane loaded with a vasodialative agent (i.e., papaverine hydrochloride) as a blood vessel coverage strip to be used in the prevention of undesired vascular vasospasm. Papaverine-loaded PHB membranes were especially designed to act locally and provide an efficient, long term, and sustained prevention of vasospasm at the site of the newly created vascular anastomosis without any systemic vasodilation effect of the papaverine, which may be life-threatening for the patient. The membranes were prepared by gelation of PHB followed by solvent casting. PHB membranes were characterized in terms of morphology, chemical structure, swelling behavior, in vitro drug release, degradation, and blood compatibility studies as in vitro coagulation tests. Activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and fibrinogen concentration were measured by blood coagulation assays. Investigated and evaluated parameters for in vitro drug release, degradation, and in vitro coagulation studies were the concentration of PHB and drug content. Similar effective parameters were used for swelling behavior studies (i.e., concentration of PHB and drug content). Drug release, swelling behavior, degradation, and in vitro coagulation of the membranes were found to be influenced by these parameters. Obtained results showed that papaverine-loaded PHB membranes provide an efficient and advantegous means for the prevention of vasospasm during vascular anastomosis as a local application. ©PDA, Inc. 2010

Penil Mondor hastalığı asetilsalisilik asit ve pentoksifilin kombinasyonu kullanarak etkili olarak tedavi edilebilir

Abstract: Since penile Mondor's disease is a rare condition, different treatment choices are used. Herein we recommend a new treatment strategy with acetylsalicylic acid and pentoxifylline, which was tested in 14 patients with penile Mondor's disease. Materials and methods: Fourteen patients with the clinical presentation of penile Mondor's disease were included. Patients were given acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 500 mg qid and pentoxifylline 600 mg bid for 14 days. Physical examinations were performed in all patients. In addition, ultrasonic examinations were done before the treatment and on days 7 and 14 of treatment to evaluate dorsal vein thrombosis. Results: Physical examinations revealed lesions parallel to the coronal sulcus in 9 patients and in the dorsal aspect of the proximal penis in 5 patients. All patients had painful induration of the penis. On day 7, hyperechoic structures were still observed in 8 patients and no thrombus was seen in 6 patients. Ultrasonographic measurements were repeated 14 days after treatment and a hyperechoic structure was observed in 4 patients. No side effects were encountered during the follow-up period. Conclusion: We think that the ASA and pentoxifylline protocol, which is also used for the treatment of thrombotic events in other parts of the body, helps to resolve penile Mondor's disease in a shorter time compared to previous treatment protocols. Further randomized controlled studies are needed for a definitive decision.Amaç: Penil Mondor hastalığı nadir bir durum olduğundan, bugüne değin farklı tedavi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Bu nedenle biz de bu çalışmamızda Penil Mondor hastalığı olan 14 hastada asetil salisilik asit (ASA) ve pentoksifilin ile yeni bir tedavi stratejisi önerdik. Yöntem ve gereç: Bu çalışmaya penil Mondor hastalığı olan 14 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalara 14 gün boyunca ağız yoluyla ASA günde dört kez 500 mg ve pentoksifilin günde 2 kez 600 mg verildi. Fizik muayeneleri yapıldı. Tüm hastalara tedaviye başlamadan önce ve tedavinin 7. ve 14. günlerinde dorsal vendeki trombozisi değerlendirmek için ultrason yapıldı. Bulgular: Fizik muayenede 9 hastada koronal sulkusa paralel ve 5 hastada proksimal penisin dorsal yüzünde lezyonlar gözlendi. Tüm hastalarda peniste ağrılı endurasyon vardı. 7. Gün ultrasonlarında 8 hastada penil dorsal veninde trombüsle uyumlu hiperekoik yapılar gözlendi. 6 hastada ise trombus izlenmedi. 14. gün yapılan ultrasonlarında ise, 4 hastada penil dorsal vende trombüsle uyumlu hiperekoik yapılar tekrar gözlendi. Takip süresince hiçbir yan etkiyle karşılaşılmadı. Sonuç: Penil Mondor Hastalığının, vücudun diğer bölgelerinde gelişen trombotik olayların tedavisinde de kullanılan ASA ve pentoksifilin protokoluyla, önceki tedavi protokollerine oranla daha kısa sürede tedavi edilebileceğine inanıyoruz. Ancak kesin yargıya varmak için randomize kontrollü çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır

Prostate adenocarcinoma with hemorrhagic cyst formation: A case report and review of the literature

Prostat adenokarsinomu ile birlikte hemorajik kist formasyonu ender görülen bir durumdur. Çoğunlukla alt üriner sistem belirtileri (AÜSB) ile üroloji polikliniğine başvuran ve tetkik edilen hastalarda rastlantısal olarak tespit edilir. Bu olguda AÜSS semptomları ile üroloji polikliniğine başvuran ve serum prostat-spesifik antijen düzeyi 102.35 ng/ml saptanan bir olguyu sundukIntroduction: Prostate adenocarcinoma accompanied with hemorrhagic cyst formation is a rare entity. It is usually diagnosed incidentally in patients who represent to urology clinics with compliant of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Here, we presented a 70-year-old man who has LUTS and serum PSA level of 102.35 ng/ml

Prostate adenocarcinoma with hemorrhagic cyst formation: A case report and review of the literature

Prostat adenokarsinomu ile birlikte hemorajik kist formasyonu ender görülen bir durumdur. Çoğunlukla alt üriner sistem belirtileri (AÜSB) ile üroloji polikliniğine başvuran ve tetkik edilen hastalarda tesadüfen tespit edilir. Bu olguda AÜSB ile üroloji polikliniğine başvuran ve serum prostat-spesifik antijen düzeyi 102.35 ng/ml saptanan bir olguyu sunduk.Introduction: Prostate adenocarcinoma accompanied with hemorrhagic cyst formation is a rare entity. It usually diagnoses incidentally in patient who represent to the urology clinic with compliant of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Here, we presented a 70-year-old man who has LUTS and 102.35 ng/ml PSA level

NIH-IV kronik prostatitin semptomatik benign prostat hiperplazili hastaların transüretral prostat rezeksiyonu sonrası erken dönem sonuçlarına etkisi

Aim: Transurethral prostate resection (TURP) is still considered the gold standard in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Category IV chronic prostatitis (CP) is described by the National Institute of Health (NIH-IV) as the asymptomatic infl ammation of the prostate and it may be detected along with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) during histological examinations of the prostate. In this study, we evaluate the impact of the presence of NIH-IV defi ned prostatitis on early post-operative outcomes of transurethral resection of the prostate. Materials and methods: Between 2004 and 2008, medical records of 247 patients who underwent TURP in Adana Numune Training and Research hospital were examined, retrospectively. Patients who had a histological diagnosis of only BPH were considered in Group 1 whereas Group 2 consisted of patients with both NIH-IV CP and BPH simultaneously. Factors such as total prostate specifi c antigen (tPSA) levels, International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS), singlequestion quality of life (QoL) assessments, maximum fl ow rates (Q max), residual urine volumes, catheterization times, re-catheterization rates, and the duration of re-catheterization were compared between these 2 groups. IPSS, QoL, and urofl owmetry measurements were compared between the 2 groups again at the third post-operative month. Statistical analysis with Student’s t and chi-square tests was performed with SPSS ® version 16. Results: Preoperatively, no statistically signifi cant diff erence was present between the 2 groups with respect to IPSS, Q max, QoL, prostate volume, tPSA, and mean catheterization time (P > 0.05); however, re-catheterization rates were signifi cantly diff erent (P < 0.05). While meaningful diff erence was found between 90th day IPSS and QoL medians (P < 0.05), there was no diff erence in Q max medians (P > 0.05). Conclusion: NIH-IV chronic prostatitis shows negative eff ects on the subjective post-operative results and recatheterization frequency of BPH patients that have undergone TURP.Amaç: Transüretral prostat rezeksiyonu (TURP) semptomatik benign prostat hiperplazisi (BPH) cerrahi tedavisinde halen altın standarttır. Kronik prostatit (KP) National Institute of Health -IV (NIH-IV) prostatın asemptomatik infl amasyonu olup histolojik örneklerde BPH ile sıkça birlikte bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada KP NIH-IV’ün semptomatik BPH nedeniyle yapılan TURP’ ların post operatif erken sonuçlarına etkisini incelenmesi amaçlanmıştırYöntem ve gereç: Adana Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde 2004-2008 yılları arasında TURP yapılan 247 hastanın tıbbi kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Histopatolojiye göre saf BPH olanlar 1. grubu oluştururken KP ve BPH olanlar 2. grubu oluşturdular. Total prostat spesifi k antijen seviyesi (tPSA), Uluslararası Prostat Semptom Skoru (IPSS), tek soruluk yaşam kalitesi (QoL), maksimum akım hızı (Q max), sondalı kalma süresi, ve erken tekrar sondalama oranları ve süreleri ile birlikte post-op 90. gündeki IPSS, QoL, Qmax değerleri karşılaştırıldı. istatistiksel analiz Student t ve ki kare testleri ile SPSS® version 16 ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Preoperatif IPSS, Qmax, QoL, prostat hacimleri, tPSA ve sondalı kalma süreleri ortancaları grup 1 ve 2 arasında anlamlı farklılık göstermedi (P > 0,05). Tekrar sondalama oranları arasında anlamlı farklılık vardı (P 0,05). Sonuç: KP NIH-IV semptomatik BPH nedeniyle TURP yapılan hastaların subjektif post-op sonuçları ve tekrar sondalama sıklıkları üzerinde olumsuz etki göstermektedir