The use of a covered expandable metal stent for the management of esophageotracheal fistula resulting from esophageal carcinoma: A case report

Malignant esophagorespiratory fistula is a rare condition that is difficult to manage. Palliative treatment by surgical bypass is often unjustified, and the use of esophageal stents has been shown to be more appropriate. We describe a 64-year-old man with inoperable esophageal carcinoma presenting with symptoms of an esophagorespiratory fistula. A covered expandable metallic stent was successfully inserted into the esophagus. The patient's symptoms improved dramatically and he survived for 16 months. The use of a covered expandable metal stent is a safe and practical alternative treatment for palliating inoperable esophageal carcinomas in patients with esophagorespiratory fistulas

Evaluation of antimicrobial and thermal effects of diode laser on root canal dentin.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of diode laser and temperature rise on the root surface during application