Electronic Videoendoscopy of Laryngeal Lesions Using a New Type of Rhinolarynx Endoscope Portion

Patients with laryngeal lesions were observed and the lesions were recorded with an electronic videoendoscope system using the PENTAX EPM-3300 video processor and the PENTAX VNL-1330 endoscope portion. The electronic videoendoscope system differs from the conventional fiberoptic endoscope connected to a video camera in that a small monochrome charge-coupled device (CCD) chip is built in the tip of the endoscope portion. The PENTAX VNL-1330 rhinolarynx endoscope portion has a tip and insertion tube of approximately 4mm in outer diameter to allow its introduction through the nasal passages into the larynx. The dynamic color images provided by this system were superior to those obtained by a conventional rhinolarynx flexible fiberscope connected to a video camera in both quality and resolution of detail. This system should be useful in diagnosing laryngeal lesions

Verrucous Carcinoma of the Larynx Presenting as a Hairy Whitish Tumor

A patient was encountered with verrucous carcinoma of the larynx that presented as a hairy whitish tumor. There was a recurrence because simple excision with forceps by endolaryngeal microsurgery was performed in the first operation. However, in the second operation endolaryngeal microscopic laser surgery using a direct laryngoscope was performed and followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with oral UFT, a combination of uracil and tegafur in a molar ratio of 4:1. The patient’s course has been favorable to date. The case is reported in this paper and discussed from the viewpoint of diagnosis and treatment of this neoplasm

Clinical Experience With a New Type of Rhino-Larynx Electronic Endoscope PENTAX VNL-1530

We observed recordings of pictures obtained from patients with diseases of the larynx by using a new type of rhino-larynx electronic endoscope, PENTAXVNL-1530 connected to a video processor, PENTAX EPM-3300 (Asahi Optical Co., Ltd.). The electronic endoscope differs from the fiberoptic endoscope in that it contains a small light-sensitive charge coupled device (CCD) chip that is attached to the tip of the endoscope. This electronic endoscope has the smallest CCD camera of 5.1 mm in diameter, in the tip portion, and can be passed through the nasal passage into the laryngeal cavity. The dynamic image provided by this system is superior to that obtained by a flexible laryngofiberscope in resolution of the detail

Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Sarcomatous Stroma of the Mesopharynx

A case of squamous cell carcinoma with sarcomatous stroma of the mesopharynx is presented. The patient was a 62-year-old man who complained of a foreign body sensation. Endoscopic examination revealed a large pedunculated mass arising from the posterior wall of the mesopharynx. The lesion was surgically resected, using a cutting snare by the endo-oral approach, and was completely removed. A diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma with sarcomatous stroma was made histopathologically. The clinicopathological features of this case are described and compared with those of previously reported cases

Initial Experience of Endoscopic Phonosurgery With a Prototype of the Therapeutic Rhinolarynx Electronic Endoscope

We performed endoscopic phonosurgery in a patient with a laryngeal lesion using a prototype of the therapeutic rhino-larynx electronic endoscope connected to a video processor (Asahi Optical Co., Ltd.). This therapeutic electronic endoscope differs from the fiberoptic endoscope, because it contains an instrument channel and a miniature television camera attached to the tip of the endoscope, consisting of a small light-sensitive CCD chip. The dynamic image provided by this system is superior in resolution to that obtained by conventional flexible laryngofiberscopes. Using this therapeutic electronic endoscope and flexible forceps, we succeeded in removing a vocal fold polyp. This endoscope can be passed through the nasal passage into the laryngeal cavity. The therapeutic electronic endoscope is introduced and a clinical case is presented

Lymphoepithelial Cyst of the Hypopharynx

A rare case of lymphoepithelial cyst formed in the piriform sinus of the hypopharynx is reported. Histopathological examination revealed a lymphoepithelial cyst. It was removed by laryngomicrosurgical technique using a side-opened direct laryngoscope. Because this cyst was wide-based on the antero-medial region in the right piriform sinus of the hypopharynx, the mucous membrane around the cyst was incised electrosurgically and then detached to facilitate removal. In this paper, we describe our surgical procedure for removing the cyst in this case and discuss the possible causes of the disease

Conservative Therapy for Nonspecific Granuloma of the Larynx Using a Beclomethasone Dipropionate Inhaler

Nonspecific granuloma of the larynx is a benign tumor that usually occurs on the posterior glottis. Conventional treatment for this laryngeal lesion has consisted of surgical resection. However, this lesion has a strong tendency to recur postoperatively and may require multiple repeated operative procedures. Conservative treatment, consisting mainly of beclomethasone dipropionate inhalation therapy, was instituted in 20 cases with good results. We discussed the effect of beclomethasone dipropionate on this lesion as well as the etiology of this disease

Effects of acidic calcium phosphate concentration on setting reaction and tissue response to β-tricalcium phosphate granular cement

Beta-tricalcium phosphate granular cement (β-TCP GC), consisting of β-TCP granules and an acidic calcium phosphate (Ca-P) solution, shows promise in the reconstruction of bone defects as it sets to form interconnected porous structures, i.e., β-TCP granules are bridged with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) crystals. In this study, the effects of acidic Ca-P solution concentration (0–600 mmol/L) on the setting reaction and tissue response to β-TCP GC were investigated. The β-TCP GC set upon mixing with its liquid phase, based on the formation of DCPD crystals, which bridged β-TCP granules to one another. Diametral tensile strength of the set β-TCP GC was relatively the same, at approximately 0.6 MPa, when the Ca-P concentration was 20–600 mmol/L. Due to the setting ability, reconstruction of the rat’s calvarial bone defect using β-TCP GC with 20, 200, and 600 mmol/L Ca-P solution was much easier compared to that with β-TCP granules without setting ability. Four weeks after the reconstruction, the amount of new bone was the same, approximately 17% in both β-TCP GC and β-TCP granules groups. Cellular response to β-TCP granules and β-TCP GC using the 20 mmol/L acidic Ca-P solution was almost the same. However, β-TCP GC using the 200 and 600 mmol/L acidic Ca-P solution showed a more severe inflammatory reaction. It is concluded, therefore, that β-TCP GC, using the 20 mmol/L acidic Ca-P solution, is recommended as this concentration allows surgical techniques to be performed easily and provides good mechanical strength, and the similar cellular response to β-TCP granules

Histological comparison of three apatitic bone substitutes with different carbonate contents in alveolar bone defects in a beagle mandible with simultaneous implant installation

Since bone apatite is a carbonate apatite containing carbonate in an apatitic structure, carbonate content may be one of the factors governing the osteoconductivity of apatitic bone substitutes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of carbonate content on the osteoconductivity of apatitic bone substitutes using three commercially available bone substitutes for the reconstruction of alveolar bone defects of a beagle mandible with simultaneous dental implant installation. NEOBONE®, Bio-Oss®, and Cytrans® that contain 0.1 mass%, 5.5 mass%, and 12.0 mass% of carbonate, respectively, were used in this study. The amount of newly formed bone in the upper portion of the alveolar bone defect of the beagle’s mandible was 0.7%, 6.6%, and 39.4% at 4 weeks after surgery and 4.7%, 39.5% and 75.2% at 12 weeks after surgery for NEOBONE®, Bio-Oss®, and Cytrans®, respectively. The results indicate that bone-to-implant contact ratio was the largest for Cytrans®. Additionally, the continuity of the alveolar ridge was restored in the case of Cytrans®, whereas the continuity of the alveolar ridge was not sufficient when using NEOBONE® and Bio-Oss®. Both Cytrans® and Bio-Oss® that has a relatively larger carbonate content in their apatitic structure was resorbed with time. We concluded that carbonate content is one of important factors governing the osteoconductivity of apatitic bone substitutes

The stau exchange contribution to muon g-2 in the decoupling solution

We study the possibility that the lepton-flavor changing process can induce the suitable magnitude of the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g_\mu -2) in the decoupling solution to the flavor problem in the minimal supersymmetric standard model. Our analyses introduce the flavor mixings of left- and right-handed stau and smuon phenomenologically. It is found that if both the left- and right-handed sleptons have sizable flavor mixings, the correction to g_\mu -2 from the lighter slepton can reach to 10^{-9} while the correction to the branching ratio of \tau \to \mu \gamma satisfies the current experimental bound. On the other hand, when only the left-handed or right-handed sleptons have the large flavor mixing, the suitable magnitude of the correction to g_\mu-2 is not realized owing to the experimental bound of \tau \to \mu \gamma.Comment: 11 pages, latex2e with axodraw.sty, comments and reference adde