Evaluation of social capital promotion in rural development programmes: a methodological approach

The academic literature makes evident that the main immaterial contribution of the LEADER approach (LA) consists in the promotion of social capital in rural areas. Therefore the insertion of LA in the framework of Rural Development Programmes (RDPs) should be considered as a powerful opportunity to promote rural development initiatives by means of a bottom-up methodology, much more focused on social relationships among local actors. These aspects open new opportunities also in terms of evaluations of RDPs and of LA, in the context of the already established Common Monitoring and Evaluation Framework (CMEF). The objective of this paper is to present a methodology for the definition of the Relative Index of Social Capital Promotion (RISCP) to be used in the ongoing evaluation of RDPs. The RISCP doesn’t represent an impact indicator, but it measures the potential social capital that could be promoted by means of the logic of intervention of selected measures of the RDPs.social capital, rural development programmes, evaluation, index, Agricultural and Food Policy, Z0,

Enfoque territorial para el desarrollo rural en América Latina : un estudio de caso en Chile

Una reciente transición en el campo del desarrollo rural es el movimiento desde un enfoque reducido del sector agrícola hasta uno que adopta una visión territorial más amplia. Este pasaje intenta interpretar las interacciones entre los mundos urbano y rural de una manera más comprensiva. Esta perspectiva teórica relativamente nueva interesa particularmente a los académicos y los políticos en los países latinoamericanos donde, a partir de la mitad de los años noventa, el concepto de una nueva ruralidad se ha visto como la fuente de un nuevo enfoque para el desarrollo rural. Por lo tanto, el propósito teórico de esta investigación es explicitar los indicadores analíticos del nuevo enfoque de la ruralidad en América Latina e identificar las diferencias entre los acercamientos sectoriales y territoriales, considerando los aspectos socio-económicos, institucionales y medioambientales involucrados. La transición del enfoque sectorial a uno territorial significa también, desde un punto de vista operativo, el reconocimiento de la existencia de áreas homogéneas a partir de las cuales pueden proponerse estrategias de desarrollo rural. El propósito operativo de esta investigación consiste en proponer una metodología para identificar estas áreas con una aplicación a la Región del Maule en Chile. La conclusión subraya algunos elementos críticos que se deben considerar en la definición de estrategias del desarrollo rural territorial.A recent transition in the field of rural development theory is a move from a narrow agricultural sector approach, to one which adopts broader territorial vision. This passage seeks to interpret interactions between urban and rural worlds in a more comprehensive manner.This relatively new theoretical perspective is of particular interest to academics and politicians in Latin American countries where, since the mid 1990s, the concept of new rurality has been seen as the source of a new approach to rural development. Therefore the theoretical purpose of this research is to clarify the analytical signposts of the new rurality theme in Latin America and to identify the differences between sectoral and territorial approaches considering the socioeconomic, institutional and environmental aspects involved. The transition from sectoral to territorial approaches also means, from an operative point of view, the recognition of homogeneous areas for the suggestion of rural development strategies. The operative purpose of this research consists in proposing a methodology to identify these areas with an application in the Maule Region in Chile. The conclusion underlines some critical elements that should be considered in the definition of territorial rural development strategies.Fil: Pisani, Elena. Università degli Studi di Padova (Italia). Dipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-ForestaliFil: Franceschetti, Giorgio. Università degli Studi di Padova (Italia). Dipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestal

Evolution of the economic agrarian thought : from agribusiness to new rurality

Este artículo presenta una discusión sobre la evolución de la agricultura en diferentes tipologías de economías rurales (economía de subsistencia, economía tradicional, economía agraria, economía rural y economía territorial). Se especifica, desde un punto de vista teórico, las diferentes políticas que deberían ser adoptadas para obtener un sistema rural más diversificado en el marco de la nueva ruralidad. Las conclusiones remarcan la necesidad de modificar la aplicación de políticas en los sectores urbanos de los países en desarrollo, tendientes a profundizar la integración entre las economías urbanas y rurales.This article presents a discussion over the evolution of agriculture of different typologies of rural economies (subsistence economy, traditional economy, agricultural economy, rural economy, territorial economy). Following the introduction we specify, from a theoretical point of view, the different politics that should be adopted to reach a more diversified rural system, as perceived in the framework of new rurality. Concluding remarks underline the necessity to change the application of urban policies in Developing Countries, aiming to a more deep integration of rural and urban economies.Fil: Pisani, Elena.Fil: Franceschetti, Giorgio

Pulsed antennas

The problem of pulsed antennas has two complementary parts: i) analysis of the radiation field when the driving voltage is given and ii) synthesis of the driven voltage when the radiation field is given. In this paper a number of heuristic procedures are presented, relating to the computation of transient radiation from elementary sources, coaxial apertures, infinitely long cylindrical antennas, finite cylindrical antennas, and loop antennas. Comparison with available rigorous solutions and experiments is also provided

Steady state and transient electromagnetic coupling through slabs

The problem of electromagnetic transmission through a slab where transmitting and receiving antennas are at finite distances from the slab is considered. The mathematical formulation of the problem is quite general. A detailed solution is presented for the case of a highly conducting slab exposed to sinusoidal and transient excitations. A discussion is given of the conditions under which measurements with the source and receiver at finite distances are equivalent to the same measurements with plane wave excitation

Territorial approaches for rural development in Latin America: a case study in Chile

A recent transition in the field of agrarian economics theory for rural development is the move from a narrow agricultural sector approach, to one which adopts broader territorial vision. This passage seeks to interpret interactions between urban and rural worlds in a more comprehensive manner.This relatively new theoretical perspective is of particular interest to academics and politicians in Latin American countries where, since the mid 1990s, the concept of new rurality has been seen as the source of a new approach to rural development. Therefore the theoretical purpose of this research is to clarify the analytical signposts of the new rurality theme in Latin America and to identify the differences between sectoral and territorial approaches considering the socio-economic, institutional and environmental aspects involved. The transition from sectoral to territorial approaches also means, from an operative point of view, the recognition of homogeneous areas for the suggestion of rural development strategies. The operative purpose of this research consists in proposing a methodology to identify these areas with an application in the Maule Region in Chile. The conclusion underlines some critical elements that should be considered in the definition of territorial rural development strategies

Evolución del pensamiento económico agrario: de los agronegócios a la nueva ruralidad

This article presents a discussion over the evolution of agriculture of different typologies of rural economies (subsistence economy, traditional economy, agricultural economy, rural economy, territorial economy). Following the introduction we specify, from a theoretical point of view, the different politics that should be adopted to reach a more diversified rural system, as perceived in the framework of new rurality. Concluding remarks underline the necessity to change the application of urban policies in Developing Countries, aiming to a more deep integration of rural and urban economies

Steady state and transient electromagnetic coupling through slabs

The problem of electromagnetic transmission through a slab where transmitting and receiving antennas are at finite distances from the slab is considered. The mathematical formulation of the problem is quite general. A detailed solution is presented for the case of a highly conducting slab exposed to sinusoidal and transient excitations. A discussion is given of the conditions under which measurements with the source and receiver at finite distances are equivalent to the same measurements with plane wave excitation

Capitale sociale e approccio LEADER: dalla teoria all’applicazione

Intangible resources like social capital (SC), if supported by proper governance mechanisms, can positively influence rural development processes. Within the EU LEADER Approach, through the stakeholders’ cooperation and the creation of networks, Local Action Groups (LAGs) should generate SC. This paper, on the basis of empirical evidences collected through questionnaires to 9 LAGs (case-studies) in 4 Italian regions, provides a set of 96 innovative indicators for understanding how the structural and cognitive SC contribute to increasing LEADER performance. Results consist of analytical descriptions of indicators’ values for different LAGs and comparisons among indicators, which allow stressing causes of excellence in each explored dimension of SC