14 research outputs found
Efficacy of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Ataxia and Functional Dependence Post-Cerebellar Stroke
Ataxia, from Greek meaning, “lack of order,” is described as irregular movement and discoordination of body, gait, eyes, and speech. Ataxia is associated with cerebellar damage due to stroke and other cerebellar pathologies. Ataxia frequently results in functional impairment. Standard physical and occupational therapies in stroke rehabilitation facilitate motor recovery, especially within 90 days. However, many patients experience movement derangements beyond this time frame. Rhythmic auditory stimulation has been shown to be an effective intervention in chronic motor deficits like those observed after cerebellar stroke. Efficacy among patients with chronic stroke-induced ataxia is unexplored. This randomized control trial seeks to determine the benefit of rhythmic auditory stimulation over standard of care for rehabilitation of cerebellar stroke-induced ataxia. Patient progress will be assessed using validated disability and ataxia scales. It is projected that rhythmic auditory stimulation will improve ataxia and independence among patients with chronic disability post-cerebellar stroke, versus standard rehabilitation
Helicopter parenting and parent-child attachment
Helicopter parenting is the colloquial term that refers to a unique patterning of parenting dimensions that result in a style both high in behavioral control and levels of warmth and support, and low in autonomy-granting (Padilla-Walker & Nelson, 2012). Parental attachment–distinct from helicopter parenting–typically involves the initial relationship between parent and child which affects the child’s overall life satisfaction and well-being (mainly in areas associated with relationships, motivation, and health-related behaviors). Despite what areas may overlap between parent-child attachment and helicopter parenting, little research has been done on the relation among these variables. The current study examined the associations among helicopter parenting and attachment and explored their relations with college life variables (i.e. school engagement, academic entitlement, academic motivation and achievement, drinking behavior, and disordered eating). In general, helicopter parenting and overall attachment were found to have an inverse relationship in which high perceived helicopter parenting indicated a lower feeling of overall attachment. Future research is needed to further examine the relation between these variables and to replicate the current findings
Inspired to Adopt: The Role of Social Norms in Media Inspiration
We consider the potential for inspirational media content (inspiring videos about dogs) and injunctive norms (social media comments on the videos) to motivate dog adoption behaviors and intentions. In an online experiment, participants were exposed to pretested inspiring (or non-inspiring) videos and social norms cues and were given an opportunity to browse among a series of dogs on a mock adoption website. Participants also indicated their intention to adopt a dog and completed a series of socio-demographic measures. Results indicated that, although both the inspiring videos and the norm cues successfully induced inspiration and perceived injunctive norms, only injunctive norms significantly affected intention to adopt. The effect of norms remained significant when controlling for barriers to adoption such as financial, time, and space considerations. Discussion focuses on implications for inspiring entertainment and social norms theories, and implications for adoptions and other prosocial behaviors
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data
Framing Inspirational Content: Narrative Effects on Attributions and Helping
Media coverage often construes stories of misfortune as inspirational accounts of individuals overcoming challenges. These reports fail to address the systemic issues that have predisposed these individuals to their current situation, and may have unintended consequences when it comes to the ability to collectively address these failings as a society. The current research examines how audiences are affected by inspirational narrative framings by comparing responses to a narrative that has inspirational coverage of a social challenge to one that includes direct acknowledgement of the larger systemic failings. Participants (N = 495) were randomly assigned to 1) read an inspirational story about a boy saving up to buy a wheelchair for his friend, 2) read a version of the story that emphasized the need for increased disability funding/services, or 3) a no-story control group. Both story conditions raised readers' willingness to help people with disabilities. Importantly, emphasizing social responsibility shifted readers' perceptions: readers of the social responsibility story were less likely to believe an individual with a disability was responsible for paying for their medical devices, believed that some collective measures would have higher efficacy, and viewed the situation as less fair. Even though individuals in the social responsibility condition found the story less enjoyable, they were equally transported into it compared to the inspirational version, and were equally likely to want to share the story with others. Our results offer clear guidelines for media practitioners covering individual struggles and systemic issues within society
Supplemental Material, Appendix_A_PWQ101177036168431875452 - The Effect of Gender on Attributions for Women’s Anxiety and Doubt in a Science Narrative
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Supplemental Material, Appendix_A_PWQ101177036168431875452 for The Effect of Gender on Attributions for Women’s Anxiety and Doubt in a Science Narrative by Gili Freedman, Melanie C. Green, Mary Flanagan, Kaitlin Fitzgerald, and Geoff Kaufman in Psychology of Women Quarterly
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A Multicenter Study Analyzing Survival and Prognostic Factors in Patients with Leukemic Phase Follicular Lymphoma
Introduction Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the second most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Leukemic-phase FL (LP-FL) is a rare entity comprising 1-3% of FL patients (pts). Controversy exists about prognosis of LP-FL with some studies suggesting worse outcome. No clear cut-point of circulating cells has been used to define LP-FL; however, a level > 5x103^3 cells/uL is defined in GELF criteria for high burden disease. No unified treatment recommendation is present for these pts with some opting to treat as indolent FL and some choosing a more aggressive approach. Furthermore, limited case series (n=7 to 37) on LP-FL are available, hence we aimed to better understand prognosis and treatment strategies associated with better outcome in LP-FL. Methods Pts with a pathology proven diagnosis of FL in lymph node and/or bone marrow and a positive flow cytometry in peripheral blood for clonal B cells (CBs), at diagnosis or at relapse, were included in the study. Data was collected from 5 academic institution in the US. We report time-to-event outcomes including median progression-free survival (mPFS) and overall survival (mOS) estimated by Kaplan-Meier method (only pts who received therapy included) . Uni and multivariable analyses were performed using Cox regression. CBs were divided into 4 groups: (10) 10^3/uL. Pts treatment was grouped in 4 categories: anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (CD20mAb), CD20mAb+Bendamustine, CD20mAb+ CHOP, and other. Pts with CD10 negative clones on flow cytometry were excluded as they might represent different lymphoma type. Results Sixty-one pts (period 1998 to 2022) were identified in participating institutions with LP-FL, 10 of which had CD10- flow cytometry and excluded from study. Of 51 remaining pts, median age was 56 years (y). Nine (17.6%) pts were Hispanic and 44 (86.2%) pts were white. Most pts (37%) presented asymptomatic lymphadenopathy, 22% with B symptoms, 14% with incidental elevated WBC, 12% with organ compromise and 12% due to other reasons. Overall, B symptoms were present in 20 (39%) pts. Hepato/splenomegaly was present in 22 (43%) pts, high tumor burden (GELF criteria) in 12 (23%) pts, and most pts (n=42; 82%) presented ECOG PS 0-1. We less frequently observed anemia (Hg 10 10^3/uL in 10 (20%) pts. Median absolute lymphocyte count was 3.0 x10^3/uL. Cytogenetic data was available in tissue biopsies in 13 (25%) pts and all carried t(14;18). Treatment was as follows: 24 (47%) pts with bendamustine + CD20mAb , 15 (29%) pts with CD20mAb + CHOP, 7 (14%) pts were treated with CD20mAb, 3 (6%) pts underwent active surveillance, and 2 (4%) with other treatments. Overall response rate (ORR) was 87%. Of those 31 (65%) pts had complete response (CR) and 11 (23%) pts had partial response (PR). With a median follow up of 5.5 y the mPFS was 3.6 y and mOS was 9.6 y (Figure 1). Relapse/ progression of disease occurred in 26 (54%) pts and CBc was detect in 12/13 pts in which flow cytometry was done. Transformation on relapse occurred in 7 pts. In pts experiencing disease relapse/progression, CAR T-cell was given to 6 pts with an ORR of 83.3% (CR: in 4 and PR in 1 pts); one pt died due to CAR-T grade 5 neurotoxicity. Death occurred in 13 pts with 6 (46% of all deaths) being lymphoma-related. Age≥60 and male sex were associated with worse PFS in univariable analysis (Table 1), with age only remaining significant in a multivariable analysis that also included sex and frontline therapy (HR 3.19, p=0.01 ). Notably, FLIPI score, CBs count category, and type of frontline therapy did not predict PFS. Progression of disease within 24 months (POD24) predicted OS in univariable analysis (HR= 3.93; p=0.029). Multivariable analysis for OS was not performed due to small number of deaths. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the largest study of LP-FL. Median OS was around 10 years, a comparable outcome to historical nodal FL survival. Treatment type also did not predict PFS or OS. Circulating monoclonal cell levels did not impact survival . This is notable as the current GELF criteria includes circulating malignant cells ≥5 x10^3/uL as an indication for treatment while our date shows that no set cut-point may be needed. In addition, CAR T-cell appears to be an effective therapy with similar results as in nodal FL