Ácaro-Hindustânicodos-Citros: Uma Ameaça para a Citricultura Brasileira.

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Agressividade de isolados de curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens em feijoeiro comum.

Para o estudo da patogenicidade dos isolados de C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens em genótipos de feijoeiro comum torna-se necessário o desenvolvimento mais pesquisas, por ser um estudo direcionado ao programa de melhoramento genético do feijão para seleção de cultivares com resistência genética à presente doença.CONAFE

Anharmonic transitions in nearly dry L-cysteine I

Two special dynamical transitions of universal character have been recently observed in macromolecules at $T_{D}\sim 180 - 220$ K and $T^{*}\sim 100$ K. Despite their relevance, a complete understanding of the nature of these transitions and their consequences for the bio-activity of the macromolecule is still lacking. Our results and analysis concerning the temperature dependence of structural, vibrational and thermodynamical properties of the orthorhombic polymorph of the amino acid L-cysteine (at a hydration level of 3.5%) indicated that the two referred temperatures define the triggering of very simple and specific events that govern all the biochemical interactions of the biomolecule: activation of rigid rotors ($T<T^{*}$), phonon-phonon interactions with phonons of water dimer ($T^{*}<T<T_{D}$), and water rotational barriers surpassing ($T>T_{D}$).Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letter

Cost of opportunity: economic competitiveness of community forest management by land use.

The structuring of a consolidated forest economy in the Amazon region would be an unprecedented contribution to the conservation and socioeconomics of the rural community. Therefore, the objective of this work was to conduct a literature review on the economic competitiveness of multiple-use community-forest management by land use in the Amazon region and thus elucidate the main causes and possible solutions for strengthening and enhancing a family-based forest economy in the region. Studies reported that despite the importance of the forest, the financial attractiveness of forest production under community-forest management was relatively limited when compared to other land-use options, such as agriculture. This was due to a set of factors, such as high initial or administrative costs, the demand for constant subsidies, low product prices, big challenges regarding infrastructure, and the long and bureaucratic process involved in obtaining the documentation necessary to establish a management plan. Thus, to effectively opt for forest management, it is necessary to focus on the planning of exploration, production control, insertion of new technologies and, forestry policy that aim to realize an orientation for multiple forest uses within the communities

Effectiveness of Chitosan Films Impregnated With Ciprofloxacin for the Prophylaxis of Osteomyelitis in Open Fractures: An Experimental Study in Rats

Background: The systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis is the standard treatment in the prevention of osteomyelitis after open fractures, with topical application of antimicrobials as an alternative due to their high concentrations at the site of the fracture, low systemic concentrations and fewer side effects. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylaxis of osteomyelitis through experimental model of open fractures with the use of chitosan films, whether or not impregnated with ciprofloxacin. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 Holtzman rats were distributed into 4 groups of 6 rats each. The CT (control of treatment) group: an open fracture model treated with systemic antimicrobial; the IC (infection control) group: an open fracture untreated model; the C (chitosan) group: an open fracture model treated using a chitosan film; and the CA (chitosan with antimicrobial) group: an open fracture model treated using a chitosan film impregnated with antimicrobial. After 3 weeks the animals were killed by an overdose of anesthetic, and a fragment osseous was removed for histological and microbiological analysis. The comparisons between the groups considered significant values of P ≤ 0.05. Results: In cultures of the CT group, there was less bacterial growth compared to the results of the cultures of the IC (P = 0.005), C (P = 0.005) and CA (P = 0.009) groups. The inflammation was lower in the CT group compared to the IC (P = 0.014), C (P = 0.001) and CA (P = 0.007) groups. Conclusions: In this experimental model of open fracture, the chitosan film pure or impregnated with ciprofloxacin was not effective in the prophylaxis of osteomyelitis