Analisis Strategi Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keamanan Pangan HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) Di PT. Sierad Produce Tbk. Parung

Quality and safety food products problem was usually after thought in the food industry development issues, accordance with the consumer\u27s desirability that understand the importance of product quality and food safety. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) certification is one way for company to implementing food safety. Sierad Produce Corp. at this moment has obtained HACCP certificate to produce chicken carcasses.But the implementation need to be controlled, as the case of foodborne illness and foodborne disease can occur easily if not properly controlled. The main objective of this research is to develop the best strategy to implement HACCP and to maintain the food safety quality system at Sierad Produce Corp. The information and data that has been collected within this research were covering both the primary and secondary data based on the date of September 2012 to December 2012. The methods used in this research are descriptive analysis, Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), External Factor Evaluation (EFE), Internal External (IE), Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat (SWOT) and Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on this research, the best strategy for implementing HACCP and sustain the system on Sierad Produce are Critical Control Points (CCP) evaluation and improvement of production room

Agreement of pyrotags assigned as functional bacteria among RDP classifier, BH and LCA methods.

<p>The inner, middle and outer rings are corresponded to the remediators, operational groups and potential pathogens, respectively. The percentages in the pies are the ratios of pyrotags assigned by all the three methods to total tags. Higher shared tag portions and percentage of assigned pyrotags suggested higher efficiencies of the variable regions.</p

Evaluation of taxonomic precision of RDP Classifier for the moderately abundant genera by referring to Best-Hit and the lowest common ancestor methods.

a<p>Twenty-five genera accounted over 0.1% average abundance determined by all three methods were listed.</p>b<p>Index of potential overestimation is the percentage of tags that were exclusively classified by RDP classifier to total classified tags for certain genus. The confidence threshold for RDP classifier is 80%. The boldface number stressed those seriously underestimated or overestimated regions with index over 50%.</p>c<p>Index of potential underestimation is the percentage of tags that were exclusively classified by BH and/or LCA to total classified tags.</p

Percentages of pyrotags that could be assigned at genus level (A) and concerned functional genera (B) by three annotation methods of RDP Classifier, Best-hit and LCA.

<p>Percentages of pyrotags that could be assigned at genus level (A) and concerned functional genera (B) by three annotation methods of RDP Classifier, Best-hit and LCA.</p

Shifts in the Microbial Community, Nitrifiers and Denitrifiers in the Biofilm in a Full-scale Rotating Biological Contactor

The objective of this study was to investigate the microbial community shifts, especially nitrifiers and denitrifiers, in the biofilm of two rotating biological contactor (RBC) trains with different running times along the plug flowpath. The microbial consortia were profiled using multiple approaches, including 454 high-throughput sequencing of the V3–V4 region of 16S rRNA gene, clone libraries, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results demonstrated that (1) the overall microbial community at different locations had distinct patterns, that is, there were similar microbial communities at the beginnings of the two RBC trains and completely different populations at the ends of the two RBC trains; (2) nitrifiers, including ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB, <i>Nitrosomonas</i>) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB, <i>Nitrospira</i>), increased in relative abundance in the biofilm along the flowpath, whereas denitrifiers (<i>Rhodanobacter, Paracoccus</i>, <i>Thauera</i>, and <i>Azoarcus</i>) markedly decreased; (3) the AOA were subdominant to the AOB in all sampled sections; and (4) strong ecological associations were shown among different bacteria. Overall, the results of this study provided more comprehensive information regarding the biofilm community composition and assemblies in full-scale RBCs

The consistencies between the RDP-classifier and other two methods under different confidence thresholds for different multi-variable regions.

<p>Raw results from RDP classifier were filtered with different confidence thresholds by a Python script, and then compared with the other two methods through another script. The percentages of consistently classified tags were increased with more strict thresholds, while the solely classified tags showed the opposite trend.</p

Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Solid Nitromethane Impact on (010) Surfaces Induced and Nonimpact Thermal Decomposition

Which is the first step in the decomposition process of nitromethane is a controversial issue, proton dissociation or C–N bond scission. We applied reactive force field (ReaxFF) molecular dynamics to probe the initial decomposition mechanisms of nitromethane. By comparing the impact on (010) surfaces and without impact (only heating) for nitromethane simulations, we found that proton dissociation is the first step of the pyrolysis of nitromethane, and the C–N bond decomposes in the same time scale as in impact simulations, but in the nonimpact simulation, C–N bond dissociation takes place at a later time. At the end of these simulations, a large number of clusters are formed. By analyzing the trajectories, we discussed the role of the hydrogen bond in the initial process of nitromethane decompositions, the intermediates observed in the early time of the simulations, and the formation of clusters that consisted of C–N–C–N chain/ring structures

List of functional groups in activated sludge.

<p>a. Genus names with single quote marks were candidate genera that could not be classified by RDP classifier. They are kept in the final database.</p><p>b. The first number indicates the sequences that could be identically classified in RDP at genus level (except for the candidate genera) and thus are kept in the final database. The second is the number of total downloaded sequences from Greengenes database. Percentage showed the portion of identically classified sequences.</p

Percentages of pyrotags identified as concerned genera for various multi-variable-regions by three methods.

<p>The cluster among columns was based on the mean Bray-Curtis distances calculated by the percentages of each genus to total pyrotags. The outer, meddle and inner rings are corresponding to remediators, operational group and potential pathogens.</p

[pt] UM FRAMEWORK PARA GERAÇÃO DE SPLITS BINÁRIOS EM ÁRVORES DE DECISÃO

<div><p>Autotrophic CO₂ fixation is the most important biotransformation process in the biosphere. Research focusing on the diversity and distribution of relevant autotrophs is significant to our comprehension of the biosphere. In this study, a draft genome of a bacterium from candidate phylum SBR1093 was reconstructed with the metagenome of an industrial activated sludge. Based on comparative genomics, this autotrophy may occur via a newly discovered carbon fixation path, the hydroxypropionate-hydroxybutyrate (HPHB) cycle, which was demonstrated in a previous work to be uniquely possessed by some genera from <i>Archaea</i>. This bacterium possesses all of the thirteen enzymes required for the HPHB cycle; these enzymes share 30∼50% identity with those in the autotrophic species of <i>Archaea</i> that undergo the HPHB cycle and 30∼80% identity with the corresponding enzymes of the mixotrophic species within <i>Bradyrhizobiaceae</i>. Thus, this bacterium might have an autotrophic growth mode in certain conditions. A phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene reveals that the phylotypes within candidate phylum SBR1093 are primarily clustered into 5 clades with a shallow branching pattern. This bacterium is clustered with phylotypes from organically contaminated environments, implying a demand for organics in heterotrophic metabolism. Considering the types of regulators, such as FnR, Fur, and ArsR, this bacterium might be a facultative aerobic mixotroph with potential multi-antibiotic and heavy metal resistances. This is the first report on <i>Bacteria</i> that may perform potential carbon fixation via the HPHB cycle, thus may expand our knowledge of the distribution and importance of the HPHB cycle in the biosphere.</p></div