Violência obstétrica: conhecimento dos enfermeiros na estratégia saúde da família

Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros na Estratégia Saúde da Família sobre a violência obstétrica. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de caráter retrospectivo, descritivo, corte transversal e análise quantitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada com enfermeiros que trabalham na Estratégia Saúde da Família em uma cidade do norte de Minas Gerais. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, de formação e profissionais atuantes na Estratégia Saúde da Família, bem como dados sobre o conhecimento e atitude dos enfermeiros em relação a violência obstétrica. Foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em pesquisa da rede SOEBRAS sobre o parecer número 4.195.693. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 37 enfermeiros com a média de idade de 34 anos, os quais a maioria eram  especialistas (84,8%). Foi possível verificar que os profissionais possuem um nível aceitável de conhecimento acerca da violência obstétrica. Conclusão: O estudo possibilitou a visualização ampliada da violência obstétrica como um problema de saúde pública. Diante dessa percepção, é necessário que haja mais divulgações sobre o tema, para que as mulheres tenham acesso ampliado às informações e aos seus direitos

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Restaurações inlays em cerâmicas feldspáticas injetadas em pré-molares: efeito da estratégia de cimentação e da ciclagem mecânica na resistência adesiva entre dentina e restauração

O estudo avaliou o efeito da estratégia de cimentação e da ciclagem mecânica na resistência de união entre dentina e restauração. O tipo de falha dos espécimes foi classificado e a distribuição de tensões foi analisada pela simulação utilizando o método de análise por elementos finitos (MEF). Quarenta e oito (N= 48) pré-molares superiores foram preparados (cavidade tipo MOD) e 48 restaurações inlays de cerâmica feldspática foram obtidas. Os espécimes foram alocadas em 3 grupos, considerando a estratégia de cimentação (N= 16): 1- convencional (Grupos 1 e 2): sistema adesivo condicionamento total de passo único (tratamento da dentina), tratamento da superfície cerâmica com ácido fluorídrico (HF) e silano (S), e cimentação com cimento resinoso; 2- estratégia simplificada (grupos 3 e 4) utilizando o cimento resinoso autoadesivo RelyX U100 (3M) sem tratamento das superfícies da dentina e da cerâmica; 3- estratégia simplificada modificada (grupos 5 e 6) utilizando o cimento resinoso RelyX U100 associado ao tratamento de superfície com HF+S. Os dentes dos grupos 2, 4 e 6 não foram ciclados, enquanto que aqueles dos grupos 1, 3 e 5 foram submetidos a ciclagem mecânica (CM): 2.000.000 pulsos, carga de 100N sobre as cúspides (a restauração não recebeu carga), a 37 oC. Cada espécime foi seccionado de forma seriada para produzir corpos de prova em forma de barras dente-restauração-dente para serem submetidas ao teste de microtração. A região da fratura de cada espécime foi analisada e classificada. A distribuição de tensões em um modelo virtual simulando as condições do estudo in vitro, pelo método de elementos finitos, foi verificada. A Análise de Variância mostrou que: o efeito interação dos fatores não foi estatisticamente significante (a alteração da resistência de união em razão da ciclagem mecânica (CM) para a Estratégia...The study evaluated the effect of the bonding strategy and mechanical cycling on the bond strength between dentin and inlay restoration. The specimens failure mode and stress distribution (Finite element analysis FEA) was analyzed. Forty-eight (n = 48) pre-molars were prepared (MOD cavity) and 48 feldspathic ceramic inlays restorations were obtained. Specimens (tooth-restoration) were allocated into three groups considering the bonding strategy (n = 16): 1 - Conventional (groups 1 and 2): one-step total etch adhesive system (dentin treatment), hydrofluoric acid (HF) and silane (S) ceramic surface treatment, cementation with resin cement, 2 - Simplified (groups 3 and 4): RelyX U100 (3M) adhesive resin cement without dentin and ceramic surface treatment; 3 - Simplified modified (groups 5 and 6): RelyX U100 associated with HF + surface treatment. Specimens from groups 1, 3 and were subjected to mechanical cycling (CM) - 2,000,000 pulses, 100N on the cusp, 37ºC. Each specimen was sectioned to produce tooth-restoration-tooth bars specimens (cross-sectional area: 1mm2) that were submitted to microtensile bond strength test. The fractured area of each specimen was analyzed. Stress distribution was analyzed by a virtual model simulating the in vitro study by FEA. Variance analysis showed that: factors effect interaction was not statistically significant (there was no statistically differences between strength bond values with CM from groups 1 and 3). Strategy effect was statistically significant (strategy 3 mean strength bond [5.59 MPa] was significantly higher than the strategy 1strength bond [3.44 MPa]). Predominant failure mode was cement-cohesive-type. Von Mises analysis showed stress concentration at cement near the marginal ridgeCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Caracterização de uma cerâmica 3Y-TZP e avaliação do efeito de tratamentos de superfície na adesão da cerâmica ao glaze ou cimento resinoso

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the adhesive parameters between glaze and full-contour zirconia (FCZ) and overglazed FCZ and resin cement. Zirconia and glaze were tested to determined theirs properties. FCZ samples were divided into 5 groups: (GL) glaze application; (AL+GL) sandblasting with aluminum oxide + glaze; (CJ+GL) tribochemical silica coating (Cojet®) + glaze; (SP+GL) chemical surface treatment with piranha solution+glaze; (CJ) Cojet. Electron scanning microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (MFA) were performed to evaluate the FCZ topography. Scratch test was executed to evaluate the bonding between FCZ and glaze after the different surface pretreatment. For the bonding procedures the glazed groups [(GL), (AL+GL), (CJ+GL) and (SP+GL)] were etched with hydrofluoric acid (HF) and treated with a silane coupling agent and the group without glaze (CJ) was treated only with a silane. The resin cement was bonded to the zirconia surface using a dedicated device for the shear test (SBS). For the SBS test, half of the samples were tested after 24 h and the other half after storage and thermocycling. To evaluate the tensile retention of FCZ crowns cemented on epoxy resin (G10) specimens simulating fullcontour crowns were made. Pretreated groups [(GL), (CJ+GL), (SP+GL) and (CJ)] were bonded with a resin cement without MDP (Multilink Automix, 3M). The group without surface pretreatment (PF) was bonded with a MDP-based resin cement (Panavia F, Kuraray). The adhesive data were statistically analysed (ANOVA e Tukey test). FCZ showed high density, homogeneous microstructure and mechanical properties similar to the traditional zirconia. FCZ glaze was characterized as a leucite with irregular shape and size morphology. The scratch test pattern was similar for all the evaluated groups and classified as a cohesive failure of the glaze. The shear data suggested that the chemicall ...O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os parâmetros de adesão entre glaze e full-contour zirconia (FCZ) e FCZ glazeada e cimento resinoso. Zircônia e glaze tiveram as suas propriedades caracterizadas. Amostras de FCZ foram divididas em 5 grupos: (GL) aplicação de glaze; (AL+GL) jateamento com óxido de alumínio + glaze; (CJ+GL) partículas de óxido de alumínio modificada por sílica (Cojet®) + glaze; (SP+GL) tratamento químico com solução piranha + glaze; (CJ) Cojet. Microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e de força atômica (MFA) foram realizadas para avaliar a topografia das amostras. Scratch test foi realizado para avaliar o tipo de união entre zircônia e glaze após os diferentes tratamentos [(GL), (AL), (CJ) e (SP). Durante a cimentação, os grupos glazeados [(GL), (AL+GL), (CJ+GL) e (SP+GL)] foram tratados com ácido fluorídrico (HF) e silano; e o grupo não glazeado (CJ) apenas com silano. O cimento resinoso foi unido à zircônia utilizando um dispositivo específico para o teste de cisalhamento (SBS). Para a realização do teste SBS, metade dos espécimes de cada tratamento foi ensaiada 24 h após a cimentação e a outra metade foi envelhecida (armazenagem e termociclagem). Para a avaliação da retenção, foram confeccionados coroas FCZ e preparos para coroa total em substrato de resina epóxica (G10) (simulando um dente). Os grupos que receberam tratamento na superfície interna da coroa [(GL), (CJ+GL), (SP+GL) e (CJ)] foram cimentados com cimento resinoso sem MDP (Multilink Automix, 3M). O grupo que não recebeu tratamento na superfície interna (PF) foi cimentado utilizando um cimento resinoso contendo MDP (Panavia F, Kuraray). Os dados de adesão foram analisados estatisticamente (ANOVA e Tukey test). A full-contour zirconia apresentou alta densidade, microestrutura homogênea e propriedades mecânicas comparáveis à zircônia tradicional. O glaze ..

Influence of convergence angle of tooth preparation on the fracture resistance of Y-TZP-based all-ceramic restorations

Objective: To investigate the influence of the convergence angle of tooth preparation on the fracture load of Y-TZP-based ceramic (YZ-Vita YZ) substructure (SB) veneered with a feldspathic porcelain (VM9-Vita VM9). Methods: Finite element stress analysis (FEA) was performed to examine the stress distribution of the system. Eighty YZ SB were fabricated using a CAD-CAM system and divided into four groups (n = 20), according to the total occlusal convergence (TOC) angle: G6-6° TOC; G12-12° TOC; G20-20° TOC; and G20MOD-20° TOC with modified SB. All SB were veneered with VM9, cemented in a fiber reinforced epoxy resin die, and loaded to failure. Half of the specimens from each group (n = 10) were cyclic fatigued (106 cycles) before testing. Failure analysis was performed to determine the fracture origin. Data were statistically analyzed using Anova and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05). Results: The greatest mean load to fracture value was found for the G20MOD, which was predicted by the FEA. Cyclic fatigue did not significantly affect the load of fracture. Catastrophic failure originating from the internal occlusal surface of the SB was the predominant failure mode, except for G20MOD. Significance: The YZ-VM9 restorations resisted greater compression load than the usual physiological occlusal load, regardless of the TOC angle of preparations. Yet, the G20MOD design produced the best performance among the experimental conditions evaluated. © 2013 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Pressable Feldspathic Inlays in Premolars: Effect of Cementation Strategy and Mechanical Cycling on the Adhesive Bond Between Dentin and Restoration

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the cementation strategy and mechanical cycling (MC) on the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of feldspathic inlays cemented to premolars.Materials and Methods: Forty-eight human premolars were prepared and porcelain inlays were produced. Specimens were allocated into 3 groups, based on the cementation strategy: 1) conventional adhesive cementation (RelyX ARC, 3M ESPE): application of etch-and-rinse single bottle adhesive to dentin / ceramic surface treated with hydrofluoric acid (HF) and silane (S) / cementation with resin cement; 2) simplified cementation using a self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U100, 3M ESPE); 3) modified simplified cementation using a self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U100, 3M ESPE) with HF+S treatment. Half of the specimens from each group were submitted to MC (2X10(6) pulses, frequency = 4 Hz, load = 100 N). Each specimen was serially sliced for MTBS and the failures were classified. The stress distribution analysis using FEA was verified.Results: All of the bar-samples from G2 were lost during cutting of the specimens. Mechanical-cycling had no significant effect on bond strength, whereas cementation strategy significant affected MTBS results. The most common type of failure was cohesive of cement. FEA showed that stresses were concentrated mainly at the loading region going up to the root fixation.Conclusion: Porcelain inlays cemented with conventional resin cement or self-adhesive resin cement should be associated with ceramic surface treatment. FEA showed the most critical zone for failure is located in the cement region close to the marginal crest.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Influence of CAD-CAM diamond bur deterioration on surface roughness and maximum failure load of Y-TZP-based restorations

Purpose: To investigate the influence of CAD-CAM diamond bur deterioration on surface roughness (Ra) and maximum failure load (Lf) of Y-TZP-based ceramic (YZ) substructures (SB) veneered with a feldspathic porcelain. Methods: Two sets of burs (B1 and B2) were used to fabricate 30 YZ SB each in a CAD/CAM system (Cerec In Lab). The SB were identified (1-30) according to the milling sequence (MS). SEM images of the burs were recorded before milling, and after milling 15 and 30 SB. The SB Ra was measured. All SB were veneered, cemented onto a fiber reinforced epoxy resin die, and loaded to failure. Specimens from B1 group were cyclic fatigued (106 cycles) before loading to failure. Fractographic analysis was performed. Data were statistically analyzed using Student's t-test, Weibull analysis, Pearson's correlation and ANOVA (alpha=0.05). Results: The mean Ra value of B1 specimens was statistically greater than B2. Weibull modulus of B1 and B2 were statistically similar. The correlation between MS and Lf was not statistically significant for the groups. MS and Ra had significant correlation for both groups (B1: r=-0.514, P=0.015; B2: r=-0.462, P=0.03). Although the visual aspect (SEM) of the burs was similar after 30 millings, the mean Ra values were significantly different after 27 millings for B1 and 24 millings for B2.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq