The Monster in Our House: Racial Incidents on College Campuses

Reports of racial incidents on college campuses have risen dramatically in the past four years. Data from recent surveys indicate that minority students, specifically blacks, will experience some form of discrimination during their academic careers.[1] Recent data from other studies reveal that racial and ethnic violence has occurred on at least 70 U.S. college campuses.[2] Efforts to assert one racial/ethnic group over another have often created social conflicts. These social disagreements may take several forms, usually imitating behavior outside of school: shouting discriminatory remarks or becoming physically aggressive or violent

Altitude determination by Kalman filtering Third quarterly progress report

Mathematical background for dynamic, geometric, and statistical analyses and transformations for inertial attitude reference determination by Kalman filterin

Statistical State Dynamics: a new perspective on turbulence in shear flow

Traditionally, single realizations of the turbulent state have been the object of study in shear flow turbulence. When a statistical quantity was needed it was obtained from a spatial, temporal or ensemble average of sample realizations of the turbulence. However, there are important advantages to studying the dynamics of the statistical state (the SSD) directly. In highly chaotic systems statistical quantities are often the most useful and the advantage of obtaining these statistics directly from a state variable is obvious. Moreover, quantities such as the probability density function (pdf) are often difficult to obtain accurately by sampling state trajectories even if the pdf is stationary. In the event that the pdf is time dependent, solving directly for the pdf as a state variable is the only alternative. However, perhaps the greatest advantage of the SSD approach is conceptual: adopting this perspective reveals directly the essential cooperative mechanisms among the disparate spatial and temporal scales that underly the turbulent state. While these cooperative mechanisms have distinct manifestation in the dynamics of realizations of turbulence both these cooperative mechanisms and the phenomena associated with them are not amenable to analysis directly through study of realizations as they are through the study of the associated SSD. In this review a selection of example problems in the turbulence of planetary and laboratory flows is examined using recently developed SSD analysis methods in order to illustrate the utility of this approach to the study of turbulence in shear flow.Comment: 27 pages, 18 figures. To appear in the book "Zonal jets: Phenomenology, genesis, physics", Cambridge University Press, edited by B. Galperin and P. L. Rea