Publisher Correction: Unraveling the effects of the gut microbiota composition and function on horse endurance physiology

Correction de l'article DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46118-

Politiques publiques agricoles et gouvernance concertée du territoire pour la transition agroécologique

International audienc

: Estrategia destacada y primeros resultados de caracterizacion

International audienceEl ganado Creole de Guadeloupe representa un buen modelo para el estudio de la adaptación al medio tropical, y su determinismo genético. Sus orígenes mestizas entre poblaciones introducidas durante la historia del Caribe, y a las condiciones ambientales y de manejo que enfrento, le llevaron características muy interesantes de tolerancia al clima, de resistencia a las garrapatas y las enfermedades asociadas, y de productividad en condiciones restringidas. El proyecto actual de caracterización de esta combine las nuevas herramientas de investigación del genoma. Un estudio de población fue realizado usando chips de 54K SNP. La contribución de los principales ramos de ganado de origen fue evaluada de manera precisa. Tambien fueran identificadas huellas de selección en relación con características productivas y de adaptación. El estudio sigue desarrollando en un rebano núcleo, donde se identificaron 18 ancestros principales, mediante un estudio genealogico. Estos sementales están sometidos a secuenciación completa del genoma, para la identificación de variantes y la comparación con datos públicos en otras razas. Además, 31 de sus progenies más importantes están genotipados por el chip 800K SNP, para el estudio del desequilibrio de ligación y la imputación de genotipos. La colecta de los datos sigue por el momento, y los primeros resultados serán presentados en el congreso. El objetivo final de este proyecto es de contribuir a un mejor conocimiento del genoma de razas ganaderas adaptadas al ambiente tropical, y evaluar las posibilidades de aplicación de las nuevas herramientas genómicas a los recursos pecuarios de estas regiones

Effect of photoperiod manipulation on rainbow trout <em>(Oncorhynchus mykiss)</em> egg quality: A genomic study

Conference: 4th Fish and Shellfish Larviculture Symposium, Ghent Univ, Gent, Belgium, Sep. 05-08, 2005International audienceThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of photoperiod advanced spawning on egg quality and egg transcriptome. Experimentation was performed using 2 groups of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from an autumn-spawning strain. In 2003, a first group of females was exposed, after their first natural spawning, to a long-short photoperiod regime beginning in January (photoperiod manipulated group, PM group, n = 17) resulting in a second reproduction in June-July. A second group of females achieved their first reproduction in the fall (2003) and was used as a control (n = 25). For each female, egg quality was assessed by monitoring survival at eyeing (E) and yolk-sac resorption (YSR) as well as the occurrence of malformations at YSR. We observed a significant decrease of egg quality in PM group. Survival at eyeing was 49 +/- 18% (means +/- 95% CI) in PM group while a 93 +/- 3% survival was observed in control group. At YSR, the frequencies of alive alevins exhibiting no noticeable malformation were 37 16% in PM group and 84 +/- 5% in the control group. This increase of mortality was associated with a higher individual variability between females and an increase of malformations observed on alive alevins. These malformations were mostly characterized by defects of yolk-sac resorption (48% of malformations observed in PM group). Transcriptome analysis was performed using nylon microarrays displaying 9152 rainbow trout cDNAs spotted. Differential analysis allowed the identification of 6 genes significantly less abundant in PM eggs than in control eggs. These results suggest that photoperiod manipulation of spawning date can induce significant egg quality defects. Moreover, the transcriptome of unfertilized oocyte appears to be influenced by environmental perturbations, such as photoperiod regime, and seems to be reflective of egg developmental capacities after fertilization

Centromeric and pericentromeric sequences of the swine major histocompatibility complex

International audienc

Transcriptomics data of liver and adipose tissue highlight lncRNAs as candidates for the lipid metabolism regulation in broilers

Broilers’ body fat is not valued by food industry which must remove fat deposits on broilers’ carcass during slaughter stages. Adiposity variability has a multifactorial origin with a genetic part and genes which regulate lipid metabolism are not all known yet. The aim of this study is to contribute to a better knowledge of these regulatory genes in chicken, and particularly long noncoding (lncRNA) genes, which regulate genes expression implied in a lot of diseases and metabolic processes. Therefore, we used two broilers lines (lean/fat lines) divergently selected on abdominal fat weight and fed with two different diets (high/low fat/fibers). The genotype factor leads to a differential expression (DE) of genes involved in the cholesterol synthesis and the diet factor in the hepatic fatty acid synthesis and secretion. We used RNA‑seq data from two metabolic tissues: 16 livers and 16 adipose tissues and FEELnc has classified more than 6000 expressed lncRNAs. DE analyzes showed 160 (vs. 258) and 266 (vs. 396) lncRNA genes up- and down-regulated respectively between the lean and fat lines in liver (vs. adipose tissue). 30 (vs. 5) and 101 (vs. 1) lncRNA genes are DE between the low and the high fat diet. Amongst them, around 80 lncRNA genes are divergently localized with their nearest coding gene and potentially share a bidirectional promoter. We found some interesting examples concerning key enzymes in cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis for our both factors, genotype and diet which are good candidates for the lipid metabolism regulation in chicken

Transcriptional analysis of spermatogenesis regulation by sex steroids in trout

National audienceTo analyze the potential action mechanism of endogenous steroids in spermatogenesis, changes in gene expression were measured during testicular maturation and germ cell development using homologous cDNA microarray, in relation to blood steroid concentrations. We also investigated the effect of testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11KT), 11beta-hydroxy-androstenedione (11OH-And), estradiol (E2) and of the meiosis inducing progestin 17,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (MIS or 17,20 DHP) on testicular gene expression at the beginning of spermatogenetic development in rainbow trout. Numerous transcription factors significant to gonad development (Tab. II) were found to be modulated after steroid treatments. A large majority of the genes up or down regulated following exogenous steroid treatments demonstrated a specific expression pattern during the spermatogenetic development of the testis. Furthermore their pattern of expression often appeared related to the natural changes in sex steroid circulating levels

CRB GADIE, a Biological Resources Centre dedicated to livestock genomics

International audienc