Paulina Horbowicz: How to be Norwegian in talk?Polish-Norwegian in-terethnic conversation analysis

In the monograph under review, the authorââ¬â¢s aim is to discover what itmeans to be ââ¬â¢Norwegian in talkââ¬â¢. This book represents an ambitious attemptto understand and describe the underlying presuppositions and manifesta-tions of Norwegian communication patterns. What does it mean to speakNorwegian in a Norwegian way? A foreign learner of Norwegian may verywell use the correct grammar and pronunciation but nevertheless not alwayssound Norwegian when speaking the language. The author, Paulina Hor-bowicz, is currently employed as an Assistant Professor in the Departmentof Scandinavian Studies at Adam Mickiewicz Universityin Poznan, Poland.She states that this book, which is a revised version of her Ph.D. dissertationfrom 2009 at the Adam Mickiewicz University, is written with the hope ofcontributing to the methodology of teaching Norwegian as a foreign or sec-ond language. One important aim of her project is to shed light on whichphenomena second language teaching needs to focus on in order for the lan-guage learner to develop and reach better communicative competence inNorwegian

A note on language preservation - with special reference to Sami in northern Scandinavia

This paper discusses the situation of the Sami (Lapp) language of northern Scandinavia in the context of increasing language loss all over the world. Optimistic estimates suggest 30,000 speakers of Sami today, with a clear majority in Norway. After a long period of suppression from local and central authorities the Norwegian state now supports actively the use of Sami. It is pointed out that two areas or domains are especially vital for the continued use of the language: 1) traditional Sami activities such as reindeer breeding, hunting, fishing, and handicrafts; and 2) the families. Here the linguistic development of mixed families (Sami/non-Sami) seems to be of fundamental importance

Norsk Lingvistisk Tidsskrift 30 år

Ein dag i 1982 venta eg spent på kontoret mitt ved Universitetet i Tromsø på melding om ei avgjerd i publiseringsutvalet til Rådet for humanistisk forsking (RHF) i NAVF, som forskingsrådet vårt heitte da. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âEg var litt delt. Eg visste at dersom eg fekk ja på søknaden eg hadde sendt inn om pengar til å starte eit nytt norsk lingvistisk tidsskrift, så ville det medføre år med mykje strev og redaksjonelt arbeid. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âEg hadde ein god del røynsle med redaksjonelt arbeid frå før. I 1979 starta vi i Tromsø Nordlyd â Tromsø University Working Papers on Language & Linguistics. På kort tid blei Nordlyd det språkvitskaplege organet i Norden som blei mest spreidd i heile verda. Grunnen til det var først og fremst at vi sende det ut gratis til alle som ville stå på postlista, men det betydde at det snart var 7â800 abonnentar på arbeidsskriftet vårt. Nordlyd trykte berre arbeid av folk som hadde tilknyting til UiT, og kom ut når det var stoff nok til eit hefte, men som redaktør fekk eg ofte tilsendt manuskript frå folk langt vekk frå som prøvde å få sine ting inn. Eg hadde også vori redaktør av tidsskriftet Språklig Samling frå 1977 til 1981. Språklig Samling kom med fire separate nummer for året.ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âSlik hadde eg ikkje lite røynsle med redaksjonelt arbeid da eg sende i veg søknaden til NAVF om å få middel til å starte eit nytt språkvitskapleg tidsskrift. Med eit nei frå NAVF til søknaden ville eg sleppe unna mykje ansvar og arbeid i åra framover. Derfor hadde eg gjort opp med meg sjølv mens eg venta på avgjerda frå NAVF, at båe utfalla, både ja og nei, hadde sine fordelar.ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âMen det blei eit ja, og det var starten på tolv interessante, men også strevsame år som redaktør av Norsk Lingvistisk Tidsskrift

I ANLEDNING 300-ÅRSJUBILEET: JOHAN ERNST GUNNERUS OG “AGDERS GUNNERUS” – ET BIDRAG TIL Å FORSTÅ HVORFOR BISKOP GUNNERUS FORESLO ET NORSK UNIVERSITET I KRISTIANSAND I 1771

The paper is written in connection with the 2018 300th anniversary of the birth of the professor and bishop, Johan Ernst Gunnerus (1718–1773), who founded modern science in Norway and who, in 1760, also founded the first learned society in the country: The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters in Trondheim. In 1758 Professor Gunnerus was appoined the bishop for the whole of northern Norway, as the bishop of Trondheim. In 1771 Bishop Gunnerus was called to the capital of the then Danish-Norwegian kingdom, Copenhagen, with the mission of reforming the Copenhagen university, at that time the only university in the entire dual kingdom. In his recommendation for reforms of the university, he also included a proposal for the establishment of a university in Norway. In this proposal, he argued for the city of Kristiansand as the most suitable location for that university. If the King would follow his recommendation, he would himself move to Kristiansand and also bring with him the Royal Society from Trondheim. Many people have subsequently wondered why he chose to point to Kristiansand for the establishment of the first Norwegian university, and not Oslo (where the university was finally opened in 1813) or Trondheim (where he had founded the Royal Society 11 years earlier). It has been thought that Gunnerus suggested Kristiansand mainly because the fact that the city was close to Denmark and a university there could perhaps have also recruited students from northern Jutland. Some have even suggested that Gunnerus proposed Kristiansand because he knew it would not be acceptable to Copenhagen or to the King, and then Trondheim (his “real” wish) could then emerge as a more plausible candidate, even if it was situated rather far north. In this paper, I argue that until now everybody who has discussed Gunnerus' choice of location for a Norwegian university has missed one decisive point: before Gunnerus moved from Copenhagen (where he was professor) to Trondheim (as bishop), Kristiansand was known in Norway, Denmark and the rest of Europe as the Norwegian centre for science and research. This was due to just one man, Bishop Jens Christian Spidberg (1684–1762). I show how Spidberg established himself through international publications as the leading scientist in Norway, and how everybody with a scientific question during the first half of the 18th century looked to Kristiansand and Spidberg for the answer. This, I argue, gaveKristiansand an academic and scientific reputation that Gunnerus was very well aware of and could exploit in his recommendation of Kristiansand as the location for the first Norwegian university. However, this knowledge about this reputation of Kristiansand’s in the first half of the 18th century has since been lost completely, mostly because Gunnerus’ fundamental seminal contribution in the second half of the 18th century has completely overshadowed the academic situation in Norway before his time. Finally in 2007 a university, the University of Agder, was established in Kristiansand, on the basis of a university college with academic roots going back to 1828. An academy of science, the Agder Academy of Sciences and Letters, was founded in 2002. A formal agreement of cooperation between the Royal Society and the then university college was signed 2001, and the academy joined the agreement in 2005. This agreement confirmed the long academic ties between Kristiansand and Trondheim, going all the way back to the scientific positions first held by Spidberg in Kristiansand and then by Gunnerus in Trondheim

A century after: the Norwegian language reform of 1917 revisited

A century after: the Norwegian language reform of 1917 revisite

Starten på arbeidet med skolehager i Norge – Andreas M. Feragens hage i Holt på Agder

This paper recounts the beginnings of the School Gardening Movement in Norway, which is now (in 2021) a topic of great interest throughout the country. The famous 19th-century school teacher and reformist Andreas M. Feragen (1818–1912), who retired from his teaching position at the age of 93, was the first to argue, in the late 1850s and early 1860s, for including gardening both as a subject and as a practical activity in primary schools. A widely used reader first published in 1863 included four pieces by Feragen about different types of gardens which would be appropriate for a rural school: the first piece was about the garden in general, the following three described a kitchen garden, a fruit garden, and a flower garden. These four pieces were written in the form of a story about a teacher and his students strolling around the gardens discussing what they saw and how to grow vegetables, fruit trees and fruit bushes, and flowers. Feragen followed up these pieces with an article in the teachers’ journal Den norske Folkeskole [The Norwegian Primary School] in which he argued that basic gardening knowledge ought to be included in the teacher training curriculum. School gardening in Norway started with Feragen’s own gardens surrounding his school in Holt in Agder, clearly the very gardens he described in his pieces in the reader

Et fysisk objekt fra kardinal Nicolaus Breakespears legat til Norden 1152-54

A physical object from Cardinal Nicolaus Breakspear’s legation to Scandinavia, 1152-54This article gives an account of the background and discovery of the only remaining physical object from Cardinal Nicolaus Breakspear’s legation to Scandinavia 1152–54 on behalf of Pope Eugenius III. The Pope had invested in Cardinal Breakspear the authority to negotiate and make decisions on the organisation of the church in the three Scandinavian kingdoms: Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Until then, the church in the whole of Scandinavia was under the archbishop of Lund. Lund at that time was part of Denmark, not of Sweden, as it is today. During his time in Norway, Cardinal Breakspear (c. 1100–1159) reorganised the Norwegian church under its own archbishop in Nidaros (Trondheim), and established a new Norwegian diocese in Hamar. The Pope’s plan was in addition to establish another archbishopry in Sweden, but that could not yet be achieved due to internal Swedish disagreements. The Sweden church, therefore, remained under the archbishop of Lund. When Cardinal Breakspear left Scandinavia from the town of Lomma close to Lund, he somehow must have dropped a lead seal which was attached to a letter from the Pope. This seal was then accidentally refound in the middle of the 1980s when Mr. Per Olsson dug in his garden in Lomma. He thought he had found an old coin and kept it in a drawer in his house. Per Olsson’s son, Magnus Linnarsson, later found out that the seal was from Pope Eugenius III. It is highly probable that this seal today is the only remaining physical artifact of Cardinal Breakspear’s legation to Scandinavia 1152–54. Cardinal Breakspear soon after his return to Rome became the new Pope under the name (H)Adrian IV. Until Pope John Paul II visited Norway in 1989, Nikolaus Breakspear is the only Pope ever to have set foot in Norway, and that happened before he was elected Pope. The seal is since 2011 included in the collections of Lund’s Historical Museum