Molecular characterization of button medic (Medicago orbicularis L.) collected from Antalya natural flora

This study was carried out to determine molecular characterization of annual button medic (Medicago orbicularis L.), which is very important for the pasture areas, collected from natural flora of Antalya province. Totally, the genetic diversity of 45 button medic genotypes were characterized with microsatellite (SSR) markers. A total of 35 microsatellite primer pairs were used in the preliminary study. In the second study, 15 pairs of microsatellite primers were used. Genetic similarity coefficients of the genotypes changed between 0.75 and 1.00. The closest genetic similarities were determined between genotypes 3-4-5 and 42; genotypes 37 and 38; 32 and 31 genotypes; genotypes 25 and 26; genotypes 7-9-16-18-22 and 33; genotypes 40 and 11; 29 and 30 genotypes; 13-14 genotypes and 6-10-12-15-17-19-20-21-23-24-28-3443-44 and 45 genotypes. The farthest similarity was determined between genotypes 2 and 25 and 26 genotypes. According to the UPGMA method, the genotypes in the dendogram were divided into two main groups at the level of similarity of 0.87. There were 12 genotypes in the first main group and 33 genotypes in the second main group

Quality Charecteristics of Sorghum and Some Plants Silages Mixed at Different Rates

Bu çalışma sorgumun (Sorghum bicolor L.) değişik yem bitkileri ile karışımlarından hazırlanan silajların ham besin maddesi içeriklerini ve kalite özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla sorguma soya (Glycine max L.), kapari (Capparis spp.), Leucenea leucocephala L. ve çayır düğmesi (Sanguisorba minor Scop) bitkileri %0 (kontrol), %20, %40, %60 oranında karıştırılarak silolanmıştır. Silajlarda yapılan analizler sonucunda, en yüksek ham protein (HP) %16.50 ile %40 sorgum+%60 L. leucocephala (S40+L60) silajından elde edilirken, en düşük HP (%3.71) %100 sorgum (S100) silajından elde edilmiştir. Bununla beraber, sorgum ile bazı yem bitkilerinin karıştırılarak silolanmasıyla kuru madde (KM; %25.45 ile 39.85), ham yağ (HY; %2.10 ile 4.07 arasında), ham kül (HK; %1.77 ile 4.48 arasında), suda çözünebilir karbonhidrat (SÇK; %1.08 ile 2.09 arasında), kalsiyum (Ca; %0.40 ile 2.56 arasında) ve fosfor (P; %0.11 ile 0.43 arasında) içeriklerinde önemli artışlar; ham selüloz (HS; %18.18 ile 23.81 arasında), nötr deterjan lif (NDF; %30.52 ile 43.35 arasında) ve asit deterjan lif (ADF; %17.42 ile 22.23 arasında) içeriklerinde ise önemli azalmalar tespit edilmiştir (P<0.01). Sonuç olarak, sorgum bu 4 bitki ile karıştırılarak silolandığında başta protein içeriği olmak üzere besin maddeleri yönünden daha kaliteli silajlar elde edilebileceği ve bu bitkilerinde silaj yapılarak değerlendirilebileceği görülmüştür.This study was conducted to determine the crude nutrient contents and quality characteristics of silages prepared from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) (S100) and the mixture of sorghum and soybean (Glycine max L.), Capparis spp., lesser burnet (Sanguisorba minor Scop), Leucenea leucocephala L. at the rates of 20%, 40%, 60% respectively. As a result of this experiment, among all silages, while highest crude protein (16.50%) were determined from 40% sorghum + 60% L. leucocephala (S40+L60) silage, the least crude protein (3.71%) determined from 100% sorghum (S100) silage. In addition, in legume mixed sorghum silages, dry matter (between 25.45% with 39.85), crude fat (between 2.10% with 4.07), crude ash (between 1.77% with 4.48), water soluable carbohydrate (between 1.08% with 2.09), calcium (between 0.40% with 2.56) and phosphor (between 0.11% with 0.43) showed significant increase, however; crude cellulose (between 18.18% with 23.81), notr detegent fiber (between 30.52% with 43.35) and acid detergent fiber (between 17.42% with 22.23) decreased significantly (P<0.01). As a result of this study, on mixing sorghum with these 4 crops could possibly result in a high quality silages notably for protein, and these crops could be evaluated for silage

A Multivariate Analysis in Relation to Edaphic and Environmental Factors of Rangelands Vegetation of Mugla Province

This study was carried out in order to compare in 20 different rangeland sample areas that determined in order to environmental variables, vegetation and soil properties by multivariate ordination analysis in Mugla province. Cluster analysis was made to determine the similarity and species compositions of sample areas, and as a result of this analysis, three different groups have occurred. Additionally, detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was made after the indicator species analysis. The interaction between environmental and soil-borne factors as altitude, distance to village, soil depth, pH in saturated soil with water, lime and surface stoniness were found to be significant and this significance was expressed by graphs. Moreover, it was indicated that relationship with species in the vegetation of the variables that were determined as significant by tables and figures. The relationship with the species in the vegetation of the variables that were determined as significant was also indicated. The result of the study showed that environmental variables as soil depth, soil pH saturated with water, stony surface, altitude and distance to villages had a significant effect on the species diversity and distribution in the samples areas

Dry matter accumulation and forage quality characteristics of different soybean genotypes

Three different soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars (A-3127, Derry, and Yemsoy) were evaluated for dry matter (DM) yield, plant components, and crop growth rate (CGR) at different row spacings and harvesting stages in 3 locations with Mediterranean-type climate in a split-split plot design with 3 replications in 2009 and 2010. In addition, crude protein (CP), crude protein yield (CPY), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and relative feed value (RFV) of harvested forage soybeans were determined at the Bursa (Turkey) location. Increased row spacings significantly reduced DM yield at all locations. Combined over other main effects, the 25-cm row spacing produced 35% more DM yield than the 75-cm row spacing. Row spacings greatly affected DM yield at the R5 and particularly the R7 stage, but this effect was minimal at the RI stage. The forage-type cultivar Derry produced significantly higher DM yield in all locations, particularly at the R5 and R7 stages. The constituent components of DM were similar at different row spacings of soybean cultivars. In general, the CGR decreased from 25-cm row spacing to 75-cm row spacing in all locations, and the CGR of the cultivars varied significantly according to harvest period, row spacing, and location. Derry had a significantly higher CGR than the other cultivars in the Antalya and Bursa locations. Quality characteristics of soybean forage were not 'significantly affected by row spacing and showed little effect by cultivar. Harvest stage significantly affected CP, ADF, NDF, TDN, and RFV concentrations of soybean forage. It was concluded that in Mediterranean environments forage-type soybeans (i.e. Derry) can be seeded in narrow rows (25 cm) at high plant population (100 kg ha(-1)) and offer the most DM yield when harvested at later R stages (e.g., R7) rather than at the early reproductive stage

Collection and determination of morphological traits of sainfoin (Onobrychis sativa L.) populations from Antalya natural flora

One of the most important and prior subjects in forage breeding programmes is to cultivate the wild forms of plants. In the present study; the seeds of sainfoin wild forms which are available within Antalya natural flora were collected between 2008-2011. Collected seeds were sown and between 2012-2013 years morphological traits were recorded. According to the data results of 25 populations of the sainfoin species that collected from different sites; number of days to the flowering varied between 153-159 and the number of days to the physiological maturity were 165-192 days. The color of flower was observed as purple and pink. Plant height was found as 29-98 cm. One thousand seeds weight were determined as 20-29 g. The number of flowers in the raceme changed between 12-38 while, the number of seed in the fruit changed between 2-3. It can be said that there was a wide genetic variation in terms of morphological traits. The collected genetic material can be evaluated to develop sainfoin varieties in the future breeding studies

Determination of characters associated with seed yield and hay yield by path and correlation analysis in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.)

The aim of this study was to determine characters that affect seed and hay yield, using simple correlation coefficients and path analysis. The study was conducted in Batı Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute (BAARI), during 2014-2015 winter growing seasons for two years. The experiments were established in a randomized complete block design with three replications and half of plots for fresh forage and the other half for seeds were harvested. In the study, days to 50% flowering, plant height, fresh yield, hay yield, straw yield, biological yield, harvest index, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield and 1000-seed weight were observed. According to results of the correlation analysis; a highly significant and positive correlations (P<0.01) were determined between fresh yield, hay yield, biological yield and seed yield. According to the results of the path analysis, the highest direct effect on the hay yield was obtained from fresh yield and straw yield. As a result of the research, to increase the hay yield; straw and fresh yield, and to increase the seed yield; biological yield and harvest index can be suggested as main selection criteria on grass pea breeding studies

Influence of locations under same climatic zone on some common vetch lines (Vicia sativa L.)

Two experiments each following randomized complete block design with three replications were conducted simultaneously in Antalya and Adana locations in 2015-2016 growing season with 9 different common vetch lines and 3 cultivars to compare their yield and quality performance with respect to 17 different characters and also to find the relationships between them. The results revealed that interlocational difference of mean values for the characters were more pronounced than those within location. From yield and quality parameters investigated in this study significant differences could be noticed for the morphological characters at large and a for a few of the quality characters. Although no line could be identified to be superior for a good number of characters, line 2 has been recognized to be superior

Determination of the Botanical Composition of Some Rangeland in Antalya Province

Bu araştırma, Antalya ilinin 6 farklı ilçesindeki doğal meralarda botanik kompozisyonu saptamak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Ölçümler modifiye edilmiş tekerlekli nokta metoduyla yapılmıştır. Vejetasyon döneminde toplam 21 durakta 176 farklı tür tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen türlerin 34 adedi buğdaygil, 39 adedi baklagil ve 103 adedi diğer familyalara ait türlerden oluşmaktadır. Bitki örtüsünü oluşturan türlerin % 19.3"ü buğdaygil, % 22.1"i baklagil, % 58.5"i ise diğer familya türlerinden oluşmaktadır. İncelenen meralarda bitki ile kaplılık oranının % 71.9 ile % 95.1 arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. İncelenen mera alanlarının mera durum sınıfının zayıf ve orta ayrıca mera sağlığı sınıfının ise sağlıklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.This research was conducted to determine botanical compositions of the native rangelands in the six different district of Antalya Province. Vegetation of the rangeland was determined by the Modified Wheel Point Method. 176 plant species were determined at 21 locations in the vegetation period. Determined species consist of 34 grasses, 39 legumes and 103 other families. Determined species except bare ground and rocky areas, consist of 19.3% grasses, 22.1 % legumes and 58.5 % other family plants. It was observed that the rate of plant-covered area varies between 71.9 % and 95.1 % in the rangelands. It was determined that the rangeland condition class was &quot;Poor&quot; and &quot;Fair&quot; and also health class was healthy

Dry matter accumulation and forage quality characteristics of different soybean genotypes

Three different soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] cultivars (A-3127, Derry, and Yemsoy) were evaluated for dry matter (DM) yield, plant components, and crop growth rate (CGR) at different row spacings and harvesting stages in 3 locations with Mediterranean- type climate in a split-split plot design with 3 replications in 2009 and 2010. In addition, crude protein (CP), crude protein yield (CPY), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and relative feed value (RFV) of harvested forage soybeans were determined at the Bursa (Turkey) location. Increased row spacings significantly reduced DM yield at all locations. Combined over other main effects, the 25-cm row spacing produced 35% more DM yield than the 75-cm row spacing. Row spacings greatly affected DM yield at the R5 and particularly the R7 stage, but this effect was minimal at the R1 stage. The forage-type cultivar Derry produced significantly higher DM yield in all locations, particularly at the R5 and R7 stages. The constituent components of DM were similar at different row spacings of soybean cultivars. In general, the CGR decreased from 25-cm row spacing to 75-cm row spacing in all locations, and the CGR of the cultivars varied significantly according to harvest period, row spacing, and location. Derry had a significantly higher CGR than the other cultivars in the Antalya and Bursa locations. Quality characteristics of soybean forage were not significantly affected by row spacing and showed little effect by cultivar. Harvest stage significantly affected CP, ADF, NDF, TDN, and RFV concentrations of soybean forage. It was concluded that in Mediterranean environments forage-type soybeans (i.e. Derry) can be seeded in narrow rows (25 cm) at high plant population (100 kg ha–1) and offer the most DM yield when harvested at later R stages (e.g., R7) rather than at the early reproductive stage.Three different soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] cultivars (A-3127, Derry, and Yemsoy) were evaluated for dry matter (DM) yield, plant components, and crop growth rate (CGR) at different row spacings and harvesting stages in 3 locations with Mediterranean- type climate in a split-split plot design with 3 replications in 2009 and 2010. In addition, crude protein (CP), crude protein yield (CPY), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and relative feed value (RFV) of harvested forage soybeans were determined at the Bursa (Turkey) location. Increased row spacings significantly reduced DM yield at all locations. Combined over other main effects, the 25-cm row spacing produced 35% more DM yield than the 75-cm row spacing. Row spacings greatly affected DM yield at the R5 and particularly the R7 stage, but this effect was minimal at the R1 stage. The forage-type cultivar Derry produced significantly higher DM yield in all locations, particularly at the R5 and R7 stages. The constituent components of DM were similar at different row spacings of soybean cultivars. In general, the CGR decreased from 25-cm row spacing to 75-cm row spacing in all locations, and the CGR of the cultivars varied significantly according to harvest period, row spacing, and location. Derry had a significantly higher CGR than the other cultivars in the Antalya and Bursa locations. Quality characteristics of soybean forage were not significantly affected by row spacing and showed little effect by cultivar. Harvest stage significantly affected CP, ADF, NDF, TDN, and RFV concentrations of soybean forage. It was concluded that in Mediterranean environments forage-type soybeans (i.e. Derry) can be seeded in narrow rows (25 cm) at high plant population (100 kg ha–1) and offer the most DM yield when harvested at later R stages (e.g., R7) rather than at the early reproductive stage