3,245 research outputs found
Suppressing monopoles and vortices : A possibly smoother approach to scaling ?
Suppressing monopoles and vortices by introducing large chemical potentials
for them in the Wilson action for the SU(2) lattice gauge theory, we study the
nature of the deconfinement phase transition on N_\sigma^3 \times N_\tau
lattices for N_\tau = 4, 5, 6 and 8 and N_\sigma = 8--16. Using finite size
scaling theory, we obtain \omega = 1.93 \pm 0.03 for N_\tau = 4, in excellent
agreement with universality. Corresponding determinations for the N_\tau = 5
and 6 lattices are also found to be in very good agreement with this estimate.
The critical couplings for N_\tau= 4, 5, 6 and 8 lattices exhibit large shifts
towards the strong coupling region when compared with the usual Wilson action,
and suggest a lot smoother approach to scaling.Comment: 22 pages, LaTeX, 6 figures included, Very minor correction
Lithographic band gap tuning in photonic band gap crystals
We describe the lithographic control over the spectral response of three-dimensional photonic crystals. By precise microfabrication of the geometry using a reproducible and reliable procedure consisting of electron beam lithography followed by dry etching, we have shifted the conduction band of crystals within the near-infrared. Such microfabrication has enabled us to reproducibly define photonic crystals with lattice parameters ranging from 650 to 730 nm. In GaAs semiconductor wafers, these can serve as high-reflectivity (> 95%) mirrors. Here, we show the procedure used to generate these photonic crystals and describe the geometry dependence of their spectral response
Spin-orbit lateral superlattices: energy bands and spin polarization in 2DEG
The Bloch spinors, energy spectrum and spin density in energy bands are
studied for the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) with Rashba spin-orbit (SO)
interaction subject to one-dimensional (1D) periodic electrostatic potential of
a lateral superlattice. The space symmetry of the Bloch spinors with spin
parity is studied. It is shown that the Bloch spinors at fixed quasimomentum
describe the standing spin waves with the wavelength equal to the superlattice
period. The spin projections in these states have the components both parallel
and transverse to the 2DEG plane. The anticrossing of the energy dispersion
curves due to the interplay between the SO and periodic terms is observed,
leading to the spin flip. The relation between the spin parity and the
interband optical selection rules is discussed, and the effect of magnetization
of the SO superlattice in the presence of external electric field is predicted.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, reported at the International Conferences
"Nanophysics and Nanoelectronics" (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, March 2006) and
"Nanostructures: Physics and Technology" (St Petersburg, Russia, June 2006
A Study of the Bulk Phase Transitions of the SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory with Mixed Action
Using the finite size scaling theory, we re-examine the nature of the bulk
phase transition in the fundamental-adjoint coupling plane of the SU(2) lattice
gauge theory at where previous finite size scaling
investigations of the deconfinement phase transition showed it to be of first
order for temporal lattices with four sites. Our simulations on lattices
with N=6, 8, 10, 12 and 16 show an absence of a first order bulk phase
transition. We find the discontinuity in the average plaquette to decrease
approximately linearly with . Correspondingly, the plaquette susceptibility
grows a lot slower with the 4-volume of the lattice than expected from a first
order bulk phase transition.Comment: LaTeX, 17 Pages; 7 Postscript Figures appende
Disappearance of the Abrikosov vortex above the deconfining phase transition in SU(2) lattice gauge theory
We calculate the solenoidal magnetic monopole current and electric flux
distributions at finite temperature in the presence of a static quark antiquark
pair. The simulation was performed using SU(2) lattice gauge theory in the
maximal Abelian gauge. We find that the monopole current and electric flux
distributions are quite different below and above the finite temperature
deconfining phase transition point and agree with predictions of the
Ginzburg-Landau effective theory.Comment: 12 pages, Revtex Latex, 6 figures - ps files will be sent upon
reques
Formation of Quantum Shock Waves by Merging and Splitting Bose-Einstein Condensates
The processes of merging and splitting dilute-gas Bose-Einstein condensates
are studied in the nonadiabatic, high-density regime. Rich dynamics are found.
Depending on the experimental parameters, uniform soliton trains containing
more than ten solitons or the formation of a high-density bulge as well as
quantum (or dispersive) shock waves are observed experimentally within merged
BECs. Our numerical simulations indicate the formation of many vortex rings. In
the case of splitting a BEC, the transition from sound-wave formation to
dispersive shock-wave formation is studied by use of increasingly stronger
splitting barriers. These experiments realize prototypical dispersive shock
situations.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Experimental studies of equilibrium vortex properties in a Bose-condensed gas
We characterize several equilibrium vortex effects in a rotating
Bose-Einstein condensate. Specifically we attempt precision measurements of
vortex lattice spacing and the vortex core size over a range of condensate
densities and rotation rates. These measurements are supplemented by numerical
simulations, and both experimental and numerical data are compared to theory
predictions of Sheehy and Radzihovsky [17] (cond-mat/0402637) and Baym and
Pethick [25] (cond-mat/0308325). Finally, we study the effect of the
centrifugal weakening of the trapping spring constants on the critical
temperature for quantum degeneracy and the effects of finite temperature on
vortex contrast.Comment: Fixed minor notational inconsistencies in figures. 12 pages, 8
figure
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