Insuffisance rénale aiguë post chirurgie cardiaque (apport de l'échographie rénale)

INTRODUCTION: L'insuffisance rénale aiguë (IRA) est une complication grave et fréquente après une chirurgie cardiaque. Les moyens diagnostics dont nous disposons ne permettent pas de proposer un traitement rapide. Les objectifs de cette étude sont de déterminer si les paramètres échographiques macro et micro circulatoires sont modifiés précocement par la survenue d'une IRA. MATERIELS ET METHODE: Une étude observationnelle a été réalisé pendant six mois sur 52 patients programmés pour une chirurgie cardiaque sous CEC. Étaient exclus de l'étude: les patients mineurs, les patients dialysés chroniques, les urgences chirurgicales et les chirurgies cardiaques sans CEC. Une mesure de l'index de Résistance et une échographie de contraste rénale étaient réalisées dans les trois heures suivant la chirurgie. RESULTATS: 14 patients sur les 52 (26%) vont présenter une IRA (définie par un score de RIFLE R/I/F) dans les 5 premiers jours post opératoires. L'IR est augmenté dans le groupe IRA (0,603 +- 0,76 contre 0,719 +- 0,88, p=0,0110). Les modifications microcirculatoires évaluées par l'échographie de contraste objectivent une diminution du Temps de Transit Moyen (22,4 +- 8,5 sec contre 15,5 +- 5,5 sec, p=0,0459) chez les patients avec une IRA persistante. CONCLUSION: L'augmentation précoce de l'IR, reflet de la macrocirculation rénale, est associée avec la survenue d'une IRA. L'échographie de constate permet d'objectiver une part inflammatoire qui s'ajoute. La physiopathologie encore mal connue de es phénomènes peut bénéficier de cette technique encore peu utilisée. Les modifications échographiques sont précoces et accélèrent le diagnostic de l'IRA post opératoireAIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Méd/Odontol. (130552103) / SudocSudocFranceF

De novo assembly and functional annotation of the transcriptome of Mimachlamys varia , a bioindicator marine bivalve

International audienceDeveloping genomic resources for species used as bioindicators of environmental pollution facilitates identification of new biomarkers of interest. The variegated scallop Mimachlamys varia (Pectinidae) is a marine bivalve used to evaluate and monitor chemical contamination on the French Atlantic coast. Because natural populations of this species are commercially harvested, there is particular interest in understanding its responses to environmental pollution and pathogens. We assembled and annotated the transcriptome of M. varia obtained from a pool of five tissue types (gills, mantle, digestive gland, gonad, adductor muscle). In depth Illumina sequencing led to the assembly of 333,022 transcripts, covering 98% of genes conserved among eukaryotes

Evidence of deleterious effects of microplastics from aquaculture materials on pediveliger larva settlement and oyster spat growth of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas

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Metabolomics based on UHPLC-QToF- and APGC-QToF-MS reveals metabolic pathways reprogramming in response to tidal cycles in the sub-littoral species Mimachlamys varia exposed to aerial emergence

International audienceMimachlamys varia is a sub-littoral bivalve encountered from Norway to the Mediterranean Sea, which lives mostly byssally attached to rocks. During the low tide period, M. varia individuals, located highest on the shore, may experience short time of aerial exposure and face a low availability of oxygen. Here we report a comparative metabolomic profiling of gill samples of M. varia obtained by both LC-QToF and APGC-QToF mass spectrometry, to analyze metabolic changes occurring during emersion in comparison with immersion. Scallops were grown in aquaria with a simulated intertidal environment mimicking short-duration air exposure that they might experience during extreme tides: alternating 2 h emersion and 10 h immersion. Our results show a switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism after only 2 h of emersion, with the resort to different pathways: glucose-lactate, glucose-succinate and aspartate-succinate pathways. Furthermore, carnitine-conjugated metabolites were found to accumulate during emersion, as well as urate. The level of tyrosine on the contrary was found to decrease. These findings indicate a complex metabolic reprogramming that occurs after a two hour emersion period and upon re-immersion. Furthermore, M. varia is used as sentinel species in pollution biomonitoring, through the assay of biomarkers to evaluate the effects of pollutants. Here we show that emersion induces a significant decrease of superoxide dismutase activity, an enzyme developed by bivalves to face oxidative stress and used as biomarker. These findings have to be taken into account to normalize sampling during campaigns of environmental monitoring, by taking in situ, as far as possible only immersed individuals

Experimental ingestion of fluorescent microplastics by pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, and their effects on the behaviour and development at early stages

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Fish gut and skin microbiota dysbiosis induced by exposure to commercial sunscreen formulations

International audienceUV filters (organic or mineral) present in sunscreen products are emerging contaminants of coastal aquatic environments. There is an urgent need to understand marine organisms responses to these compounds. In this study, we investigated the effect of exposure to dilutions of commercial sunscreen formulations on bacterial communities of mullet (Chelon sp.). The gut and skin mucus microbial communities were characterized using a metabarcoding approach targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Our results revealed that mullets had its own bacterial communities that differ from their surrounding habitats and specific to tissue. The dilutions of commercial sunscreens modified the relative abundance of Actinobacteroita, Bacteriodota and Proteobacteria for both gut and skin microbiota. They also allowed to bacteria affiliated to Mycobacterium, Nocardia and Tenacibaculum genera, known to house pathogenic species, to colonize the epithelium which may have implications for fish host health

Fish gut and skin microbiota dysbiosis induced by exposure to commercial sunscreen formulations

UV filters (organic or mineral) present in sunscreen products are emerging contaminants of coastal aquatic environments. There is an urgent need to understand marine organisms responses to these compounds. In this study, we investigated the effect of exposure to dilutions of commercial sunscreen formulations on bacterial communities of mullet (Chelon sp.). The gut and skin mucus microbial communities were characterized using a metabarcoding approach targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Our results revealed that mullets had its own bacterial communities that differ from their surrounding habitats and specific to tissue. The dilutions of commercial sunscreens modified the relative abundance of Actinobacteroita, Bacteriodota and Proteobacteria for both gut and skin microbiota. They also allowed to bacteria affiliated to Mycobacterium, Nocardia and Tenacibaculum genera, known to house pathogenic species, to colonize the epithelium which may have implications for fish host health

Evaluation de la qualité biologique des zones portuaires: Une étude de cas sur les trois ports de La Rochelle: La marina, le port de pêche et le port maritime

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