Battered Child Syndrome; a Case Study

One of the important and usual missed causes of pediatric traumas is child abuse. This ominous phenomenon, which can be presented physically, psychologically, sexually, and emotionally has grown significantly in recent years. Many children are not diagnosed in the early stages of evaluation. Battered Child Syndrome is used to describe the clinical condition of the child serious physical abuse by parents or caregivers. Medical staff should always keep the syndrome in their mind for those brought to the emergency department with trauma. In this report, we described a patient complained of dysphagia following a falling from a height and multiple epidural hematomas and final diagnosis of battered child syndrome

Demographic status of married females with suicide attempts referred to the emergency department of Sina hospital in Tabriz-Iran

Objective: According to the definition of World Health Organization (WHO), attempting suicide is an act that a person intentionally and without others’ interference shows an abnormal behavior (such as harming themselves or eating a drug higher than treatment dose) and his objective is realizing his expected changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the demographic characteristics of married women with suicidal attempt and a variety of methods used to suicide among them who referred to the emergency department of Sina hospital in Tabriz. Methods: In a cross-sectional study 472 married female patients with suicide attempt who referred to the emergency department of Sina hospital in Tabriz in 2014 entered the study and relevant information was collected. Obtained information was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: Findings showed that the most frequent method of suicide was drug use (99.8%). A significant relationship was found between the type of drug used and seasons of the year. The majority of the population (90.5%) lived in urban areas and based on statistical analyses, a significant relationship was found between residency and type of drug used. Conclusion: According to the results of this study it can be concluded that drug use is the most frequent method of suicide that is done with a higher frequency in summer. Thus, rational prescription of drugs by physicians can be considered as one of the factors that can prevent suicide. Keywords: Suicide, Married persons, Females, Emergency departments, Hospita

Transient Unexplained Shock in 30-Year-Old Trauma Patient

Shock as an inadequate tissue perfusion is one of the frequent causes of death in trauma patients. In this context, there are various reasons for hemodynamic instability and shock including hypovolemic (hemorrhagic), obstructive (cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax), cardiogenic, neurogenic, and rarely septic. In the present report, a 30-year-old trauma patient with full clinical signs and symptoms of shock referred while had unknown origin; it was finally recognized as anaphylactic shock.

Epidural Hematoma Following Hemodialysis in a Methanol Poisoned Pa-tient; a Case Report

Brain injury associated with methanol toxicity can be ischemic, necrotic or hemorrhagic in nature. It most commonly affects the putamenal area bilaterally, but can be seen in other locations. This report describes a 22-year-old intoxicated patient who developed an epidural hematoma following hemodialysis. Heparinization during hemodialysis may contribute to cerebral hemorrhagic complications in methanol poisoning. In addition, a history of head trauma may raise the incidence of post-hemodialysis hemorrhagic brain insults. Heparin-free dialysis or peritoneal dialysis can be a good option in these cases

Clinical Scoring Systems in Predicting the Outcome of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding; a Narrative Review

Prediction of the outcome and severity of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) has significant importance in patient care, disposition, and determining the need for emergent endoscopy. Recent international recommendations endorse using scoring systems for management of non-variceal UGIB patients. To date, different scoring systems have been developed for predicting the risk of 30-day mortality and re-bleeding. We have discussed the screening performance characteristics of Baylor bleeding score, the Rockall risk scoring score, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center predictive index, Glasgow Blatchford score, T-score, and AIMS65 systems, in the present review.Based on the results of this survey, there are only 3 clinical decision rules that can predict the outcome of UGIB patients, independent from endoscopy. Among these, only Glasgow Blatchford score was highly sensitive for predicting the risk of 30-day mortality and re-bleeding, simultaneously.

Demographic status of married females with suicide attempts referred to the emergency department of Sina Hospital in Tabriz-Iran

Objective: According to the definition of World Health Organization (WHO), attempting suicide is an act that a person intentionally and without others’ interference shows an abnormal behavior (such as harming themselves or eating a drug higher than treatment dose) and his objective is realizing his expected changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the demographic characteristics of married women with suicidal attempt and a variety of methods used to suicide among them who referred to the emergency department of Sina hospital in Tabriz. Methods: In a cross-sectional study 472 married female patients with suicide attempt who referred to the emergency department of Sina hospital in Tabriz in 2014 entered the study and relevant information was collected. Obtained information was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: Findings showed that the most frequent method of suicide was drug use (99.8%). A significant relationship was found between the type of drug used and seasons of the year. The majority of the population (90.5%) lived in urban areas and based on statistical analyses, a significant relationship was found between residency and type of drug used. Conclusion: According to the results of this study it can be concluded that drug use is the most frequent method of suicide that is done with a higher frequency in summer. Thus, rational prescription of drugs by physicians can be considered as one of the factors that can prevent suicide

Predicting of mortality in patients with intracrani al hemorrhage: A review article

Introduction: Stroke is one of the important and common diseases, which can lead to permanent disability or even death to people. Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a type of stroke that is associated with high mortality despite improved diagnostic and treatment methods, as well as the mortality rate remains high. Methods: In the present review article, reputable internet databases since 2000 were analyzed. Studies that discussed the predicting mortality of ICH were included in this review. Results: For predicting the mortality rates in patients with primary ICH, physicians use several methods such as level of consciousness, bleeding volume and multiple rating systems. In this review, we introduce three scoring system of ICH in patients with ICH. Conclusion: Perhaps its cut-off point of these three score systems were different in different societies according to conditions and facilities therefore it is needed to review these scores and record their results in different societies

Predictive value of serum amylase level in outcome of multiple trauma patients

Introduction: The early detection of injury in multiple trauma patients can lead to decreased mortality, length of stay, and improved clinical status of the patient. It is shown that there is a relation between increased level of serum amylase and pancreatic injury in trauma patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate serum amylase level in hospital outcomes of patients with abdominal blunt trauma. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey that was conducted at the emergency room of Imam Reza (AS) Medical and Educational Center in Tabriz, Iran, during a year (April 2014-April 2015) on 101 patients with blunt abdominal trauma. Serum amylase levels were measured 6 hours after injury. The outcome of patients during hospitalization including the need for laparotomy and mortality were followed. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. P < 0.050 was considered significant. Results: A significant relationship between elevated serum amylase level by laparotomy and mortality was observed (P < 0.001). 15 patients had serum amylase higher than 100 U/L. All patients with abnormal serum amylase died. Conclusion: Determination of serum amylase level can be valuable in the prognosis of patients with blunt abdominal trauma, especially in determining mortality and proceed to laparotomy. However, studies with larger research community are required to investigate the precise role of amylase in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with blunt abdominal trauma