Investigating burnout levels and its determinants among the veterinary medicine students: The case of Istanbul University

This study was conducted to examine burnout levels and their determinants among veterinary medicine students. Answers (n = 447) to a survey formed the data of this study. Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Scale, which was adapted to the Turkish language, was used to determine the burnout levels of the students. As a result, burnout levels were obtained as 13.31, 7.82, and 7.69 for Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Personal Accomplishment (PA) components, respectively. Year of study and having a hobby affected three of the burnout components. In order to determine the relationship between students’ burnout levels and students’ tendency to drop out, to work in a different profession after graduation and academic failure, a logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results revealed that year of study, weighted grade point average (WGPA), EE, DP, PA, repeating academic semester(s), number of the repeated academic semester(s), and perceived difficulty of veterinary education were significantly associated with the students’ intention to drop out of the faculty. Gender, living situation, monthly income, EE, DP and PA affected education-occupation mismatch. Furthermore, gender, year of study, WGPA, living situation, monthly income, EE, DP, PA, and perceived difficulty level of the veterinary education influenced repeating academic semester(s). The results of this study reveal that burnout syndrome would lead to students’ dropping out of the faculty, education-occupation mismatch and academic failure. Future studies must be conducted throughout the country to assess burnout syndrome in veterinary students

The Relationship Between Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy and (Mpv) Mean Platelet Volume Values in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Amaç: Çalışmamızda Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda, MPV değeriyle, diyabetin mikrovasküler bir komplikasyonu olan nöropati arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı hedefledik.Materyal ve Metot: Retrospektif çalışmamıza, iç hastalıkları polikliniklerimize başvuran tip 2 diyabetik hasta dosyaları değerlendirilerek, fizik muayene, elektrofizyolojik çalışma verileri, anamnez ve tetkik kayıtları incelenerek, diyabetik nöropatisi olan ve olmayan iki grup diyabetik hasta belirlendi. Bilinen kardiyovasküler, hematolojik, onkolojik hastalık, karaciğer ve böbrek hastalığı, akut veya kronik infeksiyon hastalığı, yakında geçirilmiş travma, cerrahiöyküsü olan vakalar çalışmaya dahil edilmedi. Vakaların istatistiksel değerlendirmesi SPSS 21 yazılım programı ile yapıldı.Bulgular: Yaşları 31-76 arasında değişen 39'u (25 kadın, 14 erkek) diyabetik periferik nöropatili, 44’ü (27 kadın, 17 erkek) ise nöropatisiz toplam 83 diyabetik vaka çalışmaya alındı. Nöropatisi olmayan vakaların ortalama yaşları 57,89±8,8 (31-75), A1c % 7,3 (5,5-12,7), açlık kan şekeri 144 mg/dl (80-326), trombosit sayısı 260.800±68,900/mm3, MPV değeri 8,96±0,67 fl (7,6-10,4) idi. Nöropatik vakaların ortalama yaşları 56,54±8,4 (37-76), A1c % 8,3 (5,6-14,4), açlık kan şekeri 184 (100-432) mg/dl, trombosit sayısı 269.050±74.195/mm3, MPV değeri 9,03 ± 0,75 (7,4-10,5) idi. Gruplar arasında yaş (p=0,482), trombosit sayısı (P=0,601), BKİ (p=0,299), MPV (p=0,596) ve A1c (p=0,076) değerleri açısından anlamlı fark yokken, diyabet yaşı (p=0,002) ve açlık kan şekeri (p=0,04) açısından istatistiksel anlamlı fark mevcuttu. Spearman korelasyon analizinde MPV düzeyi ile nöropati gelişimi arasında istatistiki anlamlılığa ulaşan bir ilişki bulunamadı (p=0,599).Sonuç: Tip 2 diyabetli 83 hasta ile yaptığımız çalışmamızda, MPV ile nöropati gelişimi arasında herhangi bir ilişki saptayamadık. Bu ilişkiyi daha iyi aydınlatabilmek için daha fazla vaka ile çok merkezli ve prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.Aim: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between diabetic peripheral neuropathy and MPV values in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Materials and Methods: We investigated type 2 diabetic patients’ data retrospectively. The data was divided as two groups (with and without diabetic peripheral neuropathy) according to their history, physical examination, laboratory results and electro-physiological study results. The patients with cardiovascular, hematological, oncological, hepatic, renal, infectious disease or a recent history of trauma and surgery were excluded. Statistical analysis was studied by SPSS 21 soft-ware statistics programme. Results: We included 83 diabetic patients (ages between 31 and 76) that 39 of them were patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (25 women, 14 men) and 44(27 women, 17 men) were without neuropathy. While the means of non-neuropathic group for the age was 57,89±8,8(31-75), A1c 7,3%(5,5-12,7), platelet counts 260.800±68,900/mm3, MPV value 8,96±0,67 fl(7,6-10,4); the means of neuropathic group were 56,54±8,4(37-76) years, 8,3 (5,6- 14,4)%, 269.050±74.195/mm3 and 9,03 ± 0,75(7,4-10,5) fl respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in terms of age(p=0,482), platelet count(p=0,601), body mass index(p=0,299), MPV(p=0,596) and A1c(p=0,076). But statistically significant differences were found in terms of diabetes age(p=0,002) and fasting plasma glucose(p=0,04). A statistically significant correlation was not found between MPV and neuropathy existence by Spearman correlation analysis(p=0,599). Conclusion: We didn't find any correlation between MPV value and neuropathy development in our study. We suggest that to clarify this relationship certainly, we need a prospective, multi-centered study with a bigger cohort

The Relationship Between Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy and (MPV) Mean Platelet Volume Values in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Aim:We aimed to evaluate the relationship between diabetic peripheral neuropathy and MPV values in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Materials and Methods:We investigated type 2 diabetic patients’ data retrospectively. The data was divided as two groups (with and without diabetic peripheral neuropathy) according to their history, physical examination, laboratory results and electro-physiological study results. The patients with cardiovascular, hematological, oncological, hepatic, renal, infectious disease or a recent history of trauma and surgery were excluded. Statistical analysis was studied by SPSS 21 soft-ware statistics programme.Results:We included 83 diabetic patients (ages between 31 and 76) that 39 of them were patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (25 women, 14 men) and 44(27 women, 17 men) were without neuropathy. While the means of non-neuropathic group for the age was 57,89±8,8(31-75), A1c 7,3%(5,5-12,7), platelet counts 260.800±68,900/mm3, MPV value 8,96±0,67 fl(7,6-10,4); the means of neuropathic group were 56,54±8,4(37-76) years, 8,3 (5,6-14,4)%, 269.050±74.195/mm3 and 9,03 ± 0,75(7,4-10,5) fl respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in terms of age(p=0,482), platelet count(p=0,601), body mass index(p=0,299), MPV(p=0,596) and A1c(p=0,076). But statistically significant differences were found in terms of diabetes age(p=0,002) and fasting plasma glucose(p=0,04). A statistically significant correlation was not found between MPV and neuropathy existence by Spearman correlation analysis(p=0,599).Conclusion:We didn't find any correlation between MPV value and neuropathy development in our study. We suggest that to clarify this relationship certainly, we need a prospective, multi-centered study with a bigger cohort

Diyabetik Bir Olguda Orbital Sellülitin Nadir Bir Komplikasyonu: Kavernöz Sinüs Trombozu

Diyabetin çeşitli enfeksiyonlara ve tromboza eğilimi artırdığı iyi bilinmektedir. Diyabette doğal, hücresel ve humoral bağışıklık mekanizmalarının çeşitli basamaklarında bozukluklar beklenir. Trombosit fonksiyonlarındaki, koagülasyon faktörlerindeki ve damar yapısındaki bozukluklar da tromboza eğilimi artırır. Hem enfeksiyonların hem de trombotik olayların diyabetteki seyri diyabetik olmayan olgulara göre daha ciddidir. Bu yazıda orbital sellülit gelişip kavernöz sinüs trombozu ile komplike olan 94 yaşında diyabetik erkek olgu sunuldu. Olgu orbital sellülit, idrar yolu enfeksiyonu, hiperozmolar non ketotik durum, akut böbrek yetersizliği ve üremiye sekonder kompanse metabolik asidoz tanıları ile endokrinoloji servisine yatırıldı. Antibiyoterapisine ve hidrasyonuna vakit kaybetmeksizin başlanıp gerekli tedavisi yapılan olgu, mortalitesi yüksek kavernöz sinüs trombozu sonrası tedaviye cevap vermeyerek kaybedildi. Özellikle diyabetik olgularda orbital enfeksiyonların komşuluk yoluyla kavernöz sinüse yayılıp septik tromboza yol açarak ölümcül seyredebileceği göz önüne alınarak erken tanı ve tedavisi yapılmalıdırIt is that diabetes mellitus increases tendency to develop infections and thrombosis. Impairment of various mechanisms and agents of humoral and cellular immune systems can be expected. Disturbances of platelet function, coagulation factors, and vascular structure predispose diabetics to thrombotic events. The course of both infections and thrombotic events is often worse than in non-diabetic patients. Presently described is 94-year-old male patient with diabetes who had orbital cellulitis that became complicated with cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST). He was admitted to endocrinology clinic with diagnoses of orbital cellulitis, urinary tract infection, hyperosmolar non-ketotic state, acute renal failure, and compensated metabolic acidosis secondary to uremia. Despite immediate antibiotherapy, hydration, and additional required treatment, patient did not respond and died as a result of CST. There must be awareness, especially for diabetic patients, that orbital infections may spread to nearby cavernous sinuses and cause potentially lethal septic CST. Early diagnosis and immediate treatment are essentia

Wpływ dystrybucji tkanki tłuszczowej oraz wybranych adipokin na insulinooporność w stanie przedcukrzycowym

  Introduction: The risk of developing insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome is particularly high in central obesity. In this study we evaluated the effects of fat distribution and some adipokines on insulin resistance in prediabetic patients. Material and methods: Eighty-seven age- and sex-matched patients were divided into three groups according to their 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test results as follows: impaired fasting glucose group, impaired glucose tolerance group, and normal glucose tolerance group. Fasting insulin levels were measured. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was calculated. Body fat mass measurements were assessed by bioelectric impedance analyser and abdominal fat thicknesses (subcutaneous, visceral, and preperitoneal) by ultrasonography. The fasting serum levels of several adipokines [adiponectin, leptin, resistin, vaspin, visfatin, retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)] were measured by ELISA method. Results: The mean body mass index, fat mass measurements, and abdominal fat thicknesses of the groups were similar. There were no differences between groups in terms of the mean fasting insulin, vaspin, RBP-4, leptin, resistin, and TNF-alpha. In comparison of the prediabetic and normal groups, the levels of adiponectin (p < 0.001) and visfatin (p < 0.001) were lower in the prediabetic group. Furthermore, we found that high body mass index (p < 0.01) and fat mass (p < 0.01) and low adiponectin (p < 0.05) levels have roles in the development of insulin resistance in the prediabetic group. Conclusions: We suggested that in the prediabetic period not only obesity but also decreased adiponectin levels play some role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (3): 277–282)    Wstęp: Ryzyko rozwoju insulinooporności i zespołu metabolicznego zwiększa się zwłaszcza u osób z otyłością centralną. W niniejszym badaniu oceniono wpływ dystrybucji tkanki tłuszczowej i wybranych adipokin na insulinooporność u osób ze stanem przedcukrzycowym. Materiał i metody: Osiemdziesięciu siedmiu chorych dobranych pod względem wieku I płci podzielono na 3 grupy w zależności od wyniku testu doustnego obciążenia 75 g glukozy: osoby z nieprawidłową glikemią na czczo, osoby z nieprawidłową tolerancją glukozy i osoby z prawidłową tolerancją glukozy. Zmierzono stężenie insulin na czczo. Do oszacowania insulinooporności zastosowano model homeostazy. Masę tkanki tłuszczowej oceniono za pomocą analizatora bioimpedancji elektrycznej, a grubość brzusznej tkanki tłuszczowej (podskórnej, trzewnej i przedotrzewnowej) zmierzono metodą ultrasonograficzną. Stężenie na czczo w surowicy kilku adipokin (adiponektyna, leptyna, rezystyna, waspina, wisfatyna, białko wiążące retinol-4 [RBP-4], czynnik martwicy nowotworów alfa [TNF-alfa]) zmierzono, stosując metodę ELISA. Wyniki: Średni wskaźnik masy ciała, masa tkanki tłuszczowej I grubość brzusznej tkanki tłuszczowej były podobne we wszystkich grupach. Nie stwierdzono różnic między grupami pod względem średniego stężenia insuliny na czczo ani stężeń waspiny, RBP-4, leptyny, rezystyny i TNF-alfa. W porównaniu grup ze stanem cukrzycowym i grupy z prawidłową tolerancją glukozy wykazano, że stężenia adiponektyny (p < 0,001) i wisfatyny (p < 0,001) były niższe u osób ze stanem przedcukrzycowym. Ponadto stwierdzono, że wysoki wskaźnik masy ciała (p < 0,01) i duża masa tkanki tłuszczowej (p < 0,01) oraz niskie stężenie adiponektyny (p < 0,05) przyczyniają się do rozwoju insulinooporności u osób ze stanem przedcukrzycowym. Wnioski: Autorzy sugerują, że nie tylko otyłość, ale również obniżenie stężenia adiponektyny odgrywają pewną rolę w patogenezie insulinooporności w okresie przedcukrzycowym. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (3): 277–282)

Effects of certain environmental factors on growth performances of Kivircik lambs

Determining the growth performance of lambs is essential for producers to supply the lamb meat with the features demanded by the market as soon as possible. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the effect of year, birth type and sex of lamb on body weight and various body measurements of Kivircik lambs. Live weights of 612 Kivircik lambs (299 males and 313 females) were used in the study, which were born in 2014, 2015 and 2016. Body measurements of 47 male lambs and 50 female lambs, randomly selected from 508 lambs born in 2014 and 2016, were used in the study. Birth year had significant effect on both live weights and body measurements of lambs in various growth periods. Single born and male lambs are significantly superior in both live weight and body measurements over female and twin born lambs. This situation results in being preferred for both meat production and breeding purposes more than their opponents. In order to have a more productive herd structure, female and twin lambs should be reared according to their needs for a better growth performance. Rump height of single born lambs and chest depth of male lambs were higher than their counterparts throughout the study. Therefore, these two body measurements can be used as reliable parameters for investigation of growth performance of Kivircik lambs

An Acute Renal Failure Case Due To Overdose Use Of Perindopril/Amlodipin

Fixed -dose combination therapies are important alternative of hypertension treatment. The management of suicidal intoxication with these conbination preparations which might have different and sometimes interactive mechanisms is still unclear. In this case-report a 51 -yearold male patient who had taken 26 pills of perindopril 5 mg and amlodipine 10 mg combination drug. He admitted to the emergency department with the complications of dizziness and fatigue. He was followed in intensive care unit after his first medical care unitafter his first medical emergency intervensions. After development of hypotensionand acute renal failure, he improved with fluid resussitation and symtomatic treatment and he was discharged

Effects of ram presence during synchronization period and previous experience on certain estrus parameters and sexual behaviors in Kivircik ewes

This study aimed to investigate the effects of ram presence during estrus synchronization protocol and previous sexual experience on estrus onset, estrus duration, and sexual behaviors in Kivircik ewes. The ewes were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of rams during the synchronization protocol. Ewes in each group were also divided into 3 subgroups according to their previous sexual experience. Ram presence during synchronization protocol did not affect estrus onset, estrus duration, mean attractivity, mean proceptivity, and mean receptivity. Nonexperienced ewes had longer estrus onset and shorter estrus duration than experienced ewes. Experienced ewes were more attractive and more receptive than the naive ones. It is concluded that although ram presence during estrus synchronization has no effect on sexual behaviors, previous sexual experience with males improves the expression of sexual behaviors in Kivircik ewes. Therefore, detection of estrus in maiden ewes should be performed more carefully in order to get high rates of flock fertility