Nuclear Security Education at Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS): Current Status, Future Prospects and the Lessons Learnt

In this paper, the details of nuclear security education at Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS) have been discussed. Nuclear Security education was initiated at PIEAS as a sub-specialty of its MS Nuclear Engineering Program in October 2009. Two courses, Nuclear Security (NE-581) and Physical Protection Systems (NE-582) have been offered on regular basis in the 3rd and 4th semesters. To date, 72 students have been graduated with this sub-specialty. The most important lesson learnt is that introduction of nuclear security related courses in nuclear engineering program has opened up new venues of applications of nuclear engineering principles in the area of nuclear security. It is also helping in the development of nuclear security culture among the nuclear engineering professionals working inside the nuclear facilities. PIEAS has maintained a close collaboration with all stakeholders at national level to facilitate the development of human resource in the area of nuclear security. PIEAS has also extended its full cooperation with International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for the development of nuclear security educational network, such as INSEN (International Nuclear Security Education Network), and NSSC (Nuclear Security Support Centers) Network. PIEAS will continue its long journey of imparting effective nuclear security education by introducing more nuclear security related courses, initiating faculty development programs and developing required nuclear security education related infrastructure in the form of laboratories in the future

Inequality, Financial Development and Government: Evidence from Low-Income Developing Countries

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of financial and economic development on cross-country income inequality using a panel data set from 50 low-income developing counties over a long period 1970-2008. The results show that financial development helps in reducing inequalities, however a non-monotonic relationship between financial development and inequality does not hold. The study finds a non-monotonic relationship between inequality and level of economic development, thus this study supports Kuznets inverted-U hypothesis. The government emerges as a major player in reducing income inequalities as its role is significant in all models. Policy makers should primarily focus on achieving the higher levels of economic development to reduce increasing inequalities. Since financial development, reduces inequalities irrespective of its level, policy makers need to focus more on improvements in financial reforms

Inequality, Financial Development and Government: Evidence from Low-Income Developing Countries

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of financial and economic development on cross-country income inequality using a panel data set from 50 low-income developing counties over a long period 1970-2008. The results show that financial development helps in reducing inequalities, however a non-monotonic relationship between financial development and inequality does not hold. The study finds a non-monotonic relationship between inequality and level of economic development, thus this study supports Kuznets inverted-U hypothesis. The government emerges as a major player in reducing income inequalities as its role is significant in all models. Policy makers should primarily focus on achieving the higher levels of economic development to reduce increasing inequalities. Since financial development, reduces inequalities irrespective of its level, policy makers need to focus more on improvements in financial reforms

Inequality, Trade and Development: Evidence from Developing Countries

This study analyzes the impact of trade on cross-country inequality using a panel data set from 65 developing counties over a long period 1970-2008. This study differs from the existing literature on distributional impact of trade by explicitly noting the importance of development stage in shaping the link. The analysis shows that the effect of trade on inequality depends upon the level of development of a trade integrating economy. Economies that have a high level of economic development acquire a favorable effect of trade while underdeveloped economies suffer from international economic integration. In sum, trade accentuates not ameliorate inequality in countries with low level of economic development

Inequality, Trade and Development: Evidence from Developing Countries

This study analyzes the impact of trade on cross-country inequality using a panel data set from 65 developing counties over a long period 1970-2008. This study differs from the existing literature on distributional impact of trade by explicitly noting the importance of development stage in shaping the link. The analysis shows that the effect of trade on inequality depends upon the level of development of a trade integrating economy. Economies that have a high level of economic development acquire a favorable effect of trade while underdeveloped economies suffer from international economic integration. In sum, trade accentuates not ameliorate inequality in countries with low level of economic development

The Impact of Urbanization and Energy Consumption on CO2 Emissions in South Asia

This paper explores the relationship between urbanization, CO2 emissions and energy consumption in South Asia for the period of 1983 to 2013, using Panel Co-integration and Granger causality approach. A long-run relationship exists between CO2, energy consumption and urbanization. The empirics also indicate that energy consumption and economic growth are playing a significant role in degrading the environment while trade is improving its quality. Bidirectional causality exists between CO2 and energy, and between urbanization and CO2 emissions both in the short run and long run

اُردو ناول کے اہم رجحانات اور پاکستان میں ادبی صورت حال

Techniques are a bone a fiction. It may be in form, stylish or any theory is thoughts, Narrative, allegory, dramatic, epistolary lecture and soliloquy etc., are commonly used in fiction. The novel and the bodice of life go hand in hand. The novel has been used extensively. Through it, arrows of satire were fired; offices of preaching and admonition were opened. Political issues were resolved, religious conventions were resolved, and scholarly discussions were held. It is also a picture of life, construction and the interpretation of youth. Each novel is the beginning of a mental journey and an attempt to unveil human nature

(1947-1960) اُردو ناولوں کے اہم دیہی کردار: The Main Rural Characters of Urdu Novels (1947-1960)

The main rural characters of Urdu novels are used in two   ways to present the characters in the novel.  One is that the novelist goes on telling about the characteristics and behavior of the characters in his own words.  It is called descriptive characterization.  This method is very easy for the writer, but sometimes the direct intervention of the writer in it is unpleasant for the reader.  He starts to understand that the author is propagating his point of view through character description and has also come to see that such fears are not always unfounded.  In such a case, he leaves the character and the story and starts looking at the author and refuses to accept any kind of impression.  The second way is that the novel separates itself by leaving the actors.  Now those who read, say about themselves or about each other, listen, think, understand and do.  By this, they clarify their own personality.  This method of characterization is called taklili and is much more difficult than the first method.  In this way, the novel comes close to the drama.  Therefore, in the novel, these two methods are combined and characterization is done.  The first condition in character writing is that the characters are living images of life and the reader of the novel understands them as he understands his acquaintances or friends or can sympathize and hate them and the novel ends.  Even after doing it, it is fun to imagine them.&nbsp

فکر اقبال کے چند زوایے اور معاصر عہد

Allama Iqbal's poetry and his thoughts present a perfect cure for the present-day unfortunate cultural and social environment predominant at both the national and international level. If we want to progress like the forward-looking countries and live according to our Islamic identity and cultural values as a respectable nation, we will have to make Allama Iqbal's message a part of our national character. In the following research paper, the author has tried to emphasize this central theme