What is Socially Responsible During a Pandemic? Exploring the Role of Values, Trust and Adherence to Covid-19 Preventive Measures With a Mixed-Methods Study on Italian and Greek Young People

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a huge impact on people’s lives. Especially at the first stages, adherence to preventive measures was key to decreasing the number of cases, and institutions have been recommending citizens to act in a socially responsible way. Still, during the pandemic people might experience dilemmas on what it means to do so. We employed a mixed-methods approach to investigate similarities and differences in what is perceived as socially responsible among young people in Greece and Italy (Study 1), and to explore the relationships between these different meanings and their antecedents (trust, human values) and consequences (adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines) (Study 2). In Study 1 we found that different conceptualizations of social responsibility (SR) are driven by different ideas on what it means to be considerate of others, and these included ways to protect others’ physical and/or mental health; in Italy, acting responsibly mostly assumed a connotation of “respecting the rules”, while Greek participants stressed the importance of the role of “critical thinking”. Coherently, Study 2 provided further evidence that compatibility between what is considered socially responsible and compliance to COVID-19 preventive guidelines is higher in Italy than in Greece; the same pattern was observed for self-reported adherence and trust in institutions. We also found that the meanings of SR are shaped, at least to a certain extent, by human values and level of trust in various societal agents, which may account in part for country differences in behavioral responses to governmental recommendations and measures against spreading of the disease. Our findings raise implications for institutions and scientists on the importance of implementing strategies to effectively foster trust and to frame guidelines in line with the prevalent value systems

Serum ferritin levels in previously untreated classical Hodgkin lymphoma: correlations and prognostic significance

Serum ferritin (SF) is frequently elevated in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). We report on its prognostic significance in an unselected series of 529 cHL patients treated with state-of-the-art therapy. Higher baseline levels correlated with markers of advanced/aggressive disease. SF levels were significantly higher in male and older patients, those with high body mass index and mixed cellularity histology. The strongest correlation was recorded between SF and complement reactive protein (CRP) levels. Gender-specific SF cutoffs which provided the best discrimination in terms of freedom from progression (FFP) were identified. In multivariate analysis elevated SF levels, advanced stage and high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were independent prognostic factors of inferior FFP. SF also appears to retain independent prognostic significance for progression-free survival (PFS) but not for overall survival (OS). In conclusion, SF levels in cHL reflect disease activity and are associated with adverse patient outcomes