Stable determination of an inclusion in an elastic body by boundary measurements (unabridged)

We consider the inverse problem of identifying an unknown inclusion contained in an elastic body by the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map. The body is made by linearly elastic, homogeneous and isotropic material. The Lam\'e moduli of the inclusion are constant and different from those of the surrounding material. Under mild a-priori regularity assumptions on the unknown defect, we establish a logarithmic stability estimate. For the proof, we extend the approach used for electrical and thermal conductors in a novel way. Main tools are propagation of smallness arguments based on three-spheres inequality for solutions to the Lam\'e system and refined local approximation of the fundamental solution of the Lam\'e system in presence of an inclusion.Comment: 58 pages, 4 figures. This is the extended, and revised, version of a paper submitted for publication in abridged for

Effect of the dam’s feeding regimen on the meat quality of light suckling lambs

In order to verify the effect of the introduction of concentrates without GMO risk and at low aflatoxin risk in the diet of grazing milk ewes on the quanti-qualitative production of meat of their milk-fed light lambs, two trials were carried out - in Sicily, on 32 Comisana lambs, slaughtered at 49±4 days (trial 1); and in Sardinia, on 28 Sarda lambs, slaughtered at 31±4 days(trial 2) - comparing the following grazing dams’ feeding regimes: High stocking rate + Organic (barley – tickbean or pea) Concentrate (HO); High stocking rate + Conventional (maize-soybean) Concentrate (HC); Low stocking rate + Organic Concentrate (LO); Low stocking rate + Conventional Concentrate (LC). Lamb performances, carcass quality, meat colour and lipid content were not modified by dam’s feeding regimen. However, significant differences were observed in the fatty acid (FA) composition of the intramuscular fat of the older suckling lambs of trial 1. The main variation concerned n-3 polyunsaturated FAs and conjugated linoleic acids

Giuseppe Tucci, l'IsMEO e gli orientalismi nella politica estera del fascismo

Considerato che in epoca fascista è possibile rintracciare una pletora di elementi orientalistici di gusto differente e di valore assai vario e che fra questi è possibile selezionare alcuni vettori di ricerca e di rappresentazione delle culture orientali, che hanno permesso comunque il costituirsi di approcci scientifici e istituzionali rigorosi, sarà forse bene parlare per quel periodo di «Orientalismi» al plurale. Tale prospettiva rinvia per contesto alle plurime rappresentazioni dell’«Oriente» nella cultura italiana della prima metà del Novecento. Un’autentica “età dei padri” dell’orientalistica nazionale incarnata nell’opera di studiosi come Leone Caetani, Francesco Gabrieli, Carlo Formichi, Giuseppe Tucci; dall’altro, insieme, di suggestive appropriazioni filosofiche e di declinazioni geoculturali degli spazi orientali che aprono su un versante ancora poco esplorato, rispetto al quale si possono immaginare almeno tre direzioni principali di indagine: lo sviluppo scientifico e istituzionale degli studi orientalistici nella cultura accademica italiana; la ricezione e la ritrascrizione di elementi linguistici e di pensiero orientali nella cultura filosofica nazionale; infine, le articolazioni ideologiche degli spazi orientali nella storiografia politica. In particolare, alcuni nodi ci sembrano fondamentali: anzitutto la vicenda della fondazione dell’IsMEO, luogo istituzionale e politico di una koiné culturale che seppe riservarsi ampi margini di autonomia nella produzione e nell’organizzazione di un sapere certamente pionieristico negli studi orientali, la sua storia politico-istituzionale, il senso e la portata dei suoi progetti editoriali, compreso il supporto alle missioni scientifiche e alla costituzione di uno straordinario patrimonio di reperti archeologici, di fondi manoscritti, di fonti iconografiche. In secondo luogo, i ruoli rivestiti da diversi orientalisti nelle relazioni diplomatiche e nella politica estera del fascismo, delle funzioni diplomatiche svolte, anche attraverso vie carsiche, dagli orientalisti italiani all’interno della «politica orientale » fascista. Sullo sfondo, la figura centrale e attivissima, sul piano organizzativo come su quello scientifico, di Giuseppe Tucci.As far as Fascist age is concerned it is probably correct to refer to “Orientalisms”, according to multiple representations of “East” in Italian culture in the first half of the twentieth century. In fact, it is possible to find out a great amount of Oriental elements of different tastes and various value in that period and among them it is possible to select some research vectors and modes of representation of Oriental cultures that allowed the establishment of scientific approaches and of rigorous institutional studies perspective. It was a true “age of the fathers” of national Orientalism, scholars such as Leone Caetani, Francesco Gabrieli, Carlo Formichi, Giuseppe Tucci. Moreover, it is possible to find out suggestive ideological perspectives and philosophical facets of geo-cultural spaces that open the eastern studies to an unexplored side, against which we can imagine at least three main directions of investigation: the scientific and institutional culture of academic Oriental studies in Italian, receiving and re-registration of linguistic elements of thought and philosophical culture in the Eastern National, and finally, joints ideological spaces in East political historiography. In particular, some points seem fundamental. First of all the story of the founding Is- MEO, which meant institutional and political rise of a cultural koiné that was able to reserve a large margin of autonomy in production and organization of knowledge and pioneering studies of the East. IsMEO’s political-institutional history meant publishing projects, including support to scientific missions and the establishment of an extraordinary wealth of archaeological finds of manuscripts, of iconographic sources. The other important point is the roles played by the various Orientalists in diplomatic relations and in the foreign policy of fascism. They carried out diplomatic functions, including subterranean political paths directing to Eastern policy. In the background one can observe the central and leading personality of Giuseppe Tucci, who was very active in organizing and planning scientific studies

«Vinta la guerra persa la pace». Gaetano Salvemini, le elezioni del '19 e la questione adriatica

In questo lavoro su Gaetano Salvemini vengono analizzate la sua attività parlamentare di deputato e l’intensa azione pubblicistica di giornalista, nell’arco di tempo che va dalla Conferenza di Pace di Parigi alla sigla del Trattato di Rapallo. Prima di tutto, l’attenzione è focalizzata sull’importante snodo elettorale delle elezioni politiche generali del 1919, le prime elezioni dopo la Grande guerra, caratterizzate dall’introduzione della legge sulla rappresentanza proporzionale; in secondo luogo, sulla questione adriatica, cioè sulle dispute circa il controllo delle coste italiane, jugoslave, greche e albanesi e sulla definizione dei confini delle aree frontaliere e dell’intera area balcanico-danubiana. Infine, questo studio si occupa del “Natale di Sangue”, e cioè di quegli scontri seguiti all’occupazione da parte di Gabriele D’Annunzio della contesa città di Fiume (Rijeka), e delle modalità attraverso le quali la classe dirigente italiana, all’indomani del primo conflitto mondiale, cercò di negoziare per l’Italia un ruolo autorevole nello scacchiere internazionale, ottenendo, però, magri risultati dal punto di vista diplomatico e soprattutto delle ricompense economiche e territoriali. Salvemini, fermo oppositore del Trattato di Londra (aprile 1915) e protagonista del “diciannovismo”, cercò di spiegare all’opinione pubblica gli errori dell’azione diplomatica tradizionalista italiana e, al tempo stesso, rivendicando le ragioni del suo interventismo, con Bissolati si fece promotore di un’alternativa impostazione in materia di politica estera. La questione più spinosa che affrontò come parlamentare, e a cui dedicò buona parte del suo lavoro in questo periodo, fu senza dubbio la sempre più radicata e diffusa convinzione secondo la quale lo sforzo bellico e i sacrifici patiti erano stati per lo più vani. This article is about Gaetano Salvemini’s parliamentary career and his intense dedication as a Member of the Chamber of Deputies and as a journalist, from the Paris Peace Conference to the signing of the Treaty of Rapallo. First of all, attention is focused on the important general election in 1919, the first election after the Great War, characterized by the introduction of the Law on proportional representation. Secondly, the Adriatic question focuses on the control of the Italian, Yugoslavian, Greek and Albanian coasts and the definition of the border areas and the entire Balkan- Danube area. Finally, the article deals with the ‘Bloody Christmas’ and the clashes that followed the occupation of Fiume (Rijeka) by Gabriele D’Annunzio, and also with the ways in which the Italian ruling class, in the aftermath of World War I, tried to negotiate an authoritative role for Italy on the international scene, obtaining, however, scant results in terms of diplomatic and especially territorial and economic rewards. Salvemini was a fierce opponent of the Treaty of London (April 1915) and a leader of the ‘1919’ movement (‘diciannovismo’). He tried to explain to the public the errors of traditional Italian diplomacy and, at the same time, claiming the reasons for his particular intervention, became, together with Bissolati, the promoter of an alternative approach to foreign policy. The hardest issue he dealt with as a parliamentarian and toward which he dedicated much of his work during this period was undoubtedly the idea and belief that the war effort and its sacrifices had often been in vain

Gaetano Salvemini storico del presente. Politica estera e spionaggio durante il Ventennio

In questo studio vengono analizzati l’impegno antifascista del Salvemini in esilio e i sistemi fascisti di controllo e repressione del dissenso all’estero. L’esperienza salveminiana mostra la consuetudine fascista all’uso della rete diplomatica per gestire un capillare servizio di spionaggio, che grande attenzione rivolgeva all’attività dei fuorusciti. L’opera di Salvemini, relativa agli anni trascorsi negli Stati Uniti, restituisce una mappa della percezione del fascismo all’estero, ma anche della risonanza dei suoi miti nell’opinione pubblica internazionale.This article analyses Salvemini’s anti-Fascist commitment during his exile and the Fascist systems of control and repression of dissent abroad. Salvemini’s experience illustrates the Fascist use of diplomatic networks in its running of a widespread espionage service which focused its attention on the activities of political exiles. Salvemini’s works, written during the years spent in the United States, gives us a map of the perception of Fascism abroad, and also an idea of the spread of Fascist myths in international public opinion

Stable Normative Explanations: From Argumentation to Deontic Logic

This paper examines how a notion of stable explanation developed elsewhere in Defeasible Logic can be expressed in the context of formal argumentation. With this done, we discuss the deontic meaning of this reconstruction and show how to build from argumentation neighborhood structures for deontic logic where this notion of explanation can be characterised. Some direct complexity results are offered.Comment: 15 pages, extended version of the short paper accepted at JELIA 202

Retrospective analysis of management of ingested foreign bodies and food impactions in emergency endoscopic setting in adults

Background: Ingestion of foreign bodies and food impaction represent the second most common endoscopic emergency after bleeding. The aim of this paper is to report the management and the outcomes in 67 patients admitted for suspected ingestion of foreign body between December 2012 and December 2014. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Palermo University Hospitals, Italy, over a 2-year period. We reviewed patients’ database (age, sex, type of foreign body and its anatomical location, treatments, and outcomes as complications, success rates, and mortalities). Results: Foreign bodies were found in all of our 67 patients. Almost all were found in the stomach and lower esophagus (77 %). The types of foreign body were very different, but they were chiefly meat boluses, fishbones or cartilages, button battery and dental prostheses. In all patients it was possible to endoscopically remove the foreign body. Complications related to the endoscopic procedure were unfrequent (about 7 %) and have been treated conservatively. 5.9 % of patients had previous esophageal or laryngeal surgery, and 8.9 % had an underlying esophageal disease, such as a narrowing, dismotility or achalasia. Conclusion: Our experience with foreign bodies and food impaction emphasizes the importance of endoscopic approach and removal, simple and secure when performed by experienced hands and under conscious sedation in most cases. High success rates, lower incidence of minor complications, reduction of the need of surgery and reduced hospitalization time are the strengths of the endoscopic approach

Effect of the dam's feeding regimen on the meat quality of light suckling lambs

In order to verify the effect of the introduction of concentrates without GMO risk and at low aflatoxin risk in the diet of grazing milk ewes on the quanti-qualitative production of meat of their milk-fed light lambs, two trials were carried out - in Sicily, on 32 Comisana lambs, slaughtered at 49±4 days (trial 1); and in Sardinia, on 28 Sarda lambs, slaughtered at 31±4 days(trial 2) - comparing the following grazing dams' feeding regimes: High stocking rate + Organic (barley – tickbean or pea) Concentrate (HO); High stocking rate + Conventional (maize-soybean) Concentrate (HC); Low stocking rate + Organic Concentrate (LO); Low stocking rate + Conventional Concentrate (LC). Lamb performances, carcass quality, meat colour and lipid content were not modified by dam's feeding regimen. However, significant differences were observed in the fatty acid (FA) composition of the intramuscular fat of the older suckling lambs of trial 1. The main variation concerned n-3 polyunsaturated FAs and conjugated linoleic acids

Inferring New Classifications in Legal Case-Based Reasoning

This article continues the research initiated in [1,2], which established a connection between Boolean classifiers and legal case-based reasoning. We relax the assumption that case bases are such that all situations have been decided in favour of the defendant or the plaintiff and we introduce an inductive strategy for assigning plausible outcomes to undecided cases. Using counterfactual reasoning, we propose a method to determine whether, at each step of the induction, a feature is a factor, i.e., it consistently favours a single outcome, or is irrelevant, i.e., it is does not favour any outcome, or is ambiguous, i.e., it favours opposite outcomes