Need-Based Street Children Management in Surakarta City of Central Java Province of Indonesia

The objective of research is to find out the characteristics of street children, the cause of children becoming street children, and the management of street children problems in Surakarta City. As the marginalized and alienated children from the hard environment of city, the some street children living and working in the street, work in the street but still return back to their parents’ home everyday, then some of them work in the street and return back to their origin once in 1 – 3 months and the problematic street adolescents disperse in a variety of certain zones because of poverty, domestic violence, parents’ encouragement, and children’s environmental factor. The management of street children is determined by the need and problem the street children is facing whether using street based with street literacy, centre based and re-socialization through the open house for street children as well as community based approaches by conducting activity and advocacy on the street children problems involving all potencies of society. In fact, the approaches above are overlapping. The most important point is our empathy and commitment to manager the street children problem

STRUKTURALISME KONFLIK ; PEMAHAMAN AKAN KONFLIK PADA MASYARAKAT INDUSTRI MENURUT LEWIS COSER DAN RALF DAHRENDORE

the effect of industrialization process cannot be apart from the presence of the problems tending to lead the social jealously, both materialistic in nature and due to the presence of the inharmonious relationship or called conflict within industrial society. the conflict approach proposed by coser as conflict functionalism means that in the presence og conflict, consensus, integration and dissension in an intact unity in understaking a fundamental process, despite different content of each portion of each correlated social system. the conflict theory proposed by ralf dahrendorf is the struggle of class existing in industrial society, not emphasizing on the thingking of production infrastructure but power holding, encompassing the legitimate right to dominate other

REALITAS VIRTUAL REALITAS SOSIOLOGI

The rapidly communication technology development within the society correlates with the presence of change in a variety of life aspects including the computer-based interaction process having certain consequence. Internet technology serves as the social network media in cyberspace or virtual reality. Virtual reality apparently transforms the sociology subject matter from the real society into virtual society. The sociological studies shift from the conventional analysis units such as individual, household, community, and group to “mobile hybrid” side of virtual reality unit. For example, the one studying diaspora of minority ethnic through the study in their website, understanding the cultural transformation of internet mania community through their representation in cyberspace (virtual reality).Keywords : realitas virtual, transformasi, realitas sosiolog

The Representation of Prevention-of-Mother-to-Child Transmission Service System in Surakarta Indonesia

The data trend showing the increase in number of HIV/AIDS case through perinatal transmission in Indonesia, including Surakarta, is worrying. This qualitative study with exploratory method took place in Surakarta on February to May, 2015. The units of analysis in this study were recipient and provider of Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) service. The informants were selected using purposive sampling. The data was collected using observation, in-depth interview, Focus Group Discussion and documentation, and was then analyzed using Parsons system theory. PMTCT service system in Surakarta was ineffective because of HIV-positive womens limited knowledge and information on PMTCT, unequal relation between provider and recipient of PMTCT service, medical decision making pattern that is inherent to service provider, and inadequate financial resource and supervision process. For that reason, an action plan is required to accommodate the need of women and children in term of budget allocation, program implementation and civil society involvement in PMTCT to prevent and to cope with HIV/AIDS

Social Support on the Adherence to Treatment of Tuberculosis in Cilacap, Indonesia

Background: Country Indonesia liquid high-burden countries in the case of Tuberculosis resistant adenocarcinoma. One of the causes of MDR-TB was OAT drink irregularly. Many of the changes that occur in people with tuberculosis physical, psychological and social influence on irregularity OAT drink. The purpose of this research is to know the contribution of the social support against tuberculosis treatment regularity in Cilacap Regency.Subject and Method: This was a quantitative study with observational analytic design, carried out in twelve clinics and hospitals, inCilacap. A total of 128 samples were consisted of  42 groups and control group 86. The dependent variables was the regularity of the medication, and the independent variable were the intention, attitude, distance, self-efficacy, social support, education and knowledge. The Data collected using the questionnaire and medical record data and analyzed usingpath analysis.Results: There is a direct relationship between education with knowledge, education and knowledge, as well as attitudes toward intentions with the regularity of medical treatment. There is an indirect relationship between posture, distance, social support and self-efficacy with the OAT drink regularity through intention. A positive relationship between education with knowledge (b = 0.17; 95%CI = 0.02 to 0.13; p = 0.023). A positive relationship between education with attitude (b = 1.23; 95% CI = 0.29 to 2.16; p = 0.01). Positive relationship knowledge with attitude (b = 0.56; 95% CI =-1.47 to 0.35; p = 0.228). The relationship of positive attitude with the intention (b = 0.99; CI 95% = 0.05 to 1.94; p = 0.039). Negative relationship of distance with the intention (b =-0.59; 95% CI =-1.49 to 0.31; p = 0.202). Positive relationships support social (social support) and intention (b = 0.5; 95% CI =-0.22 to 1.89; p = 0123). A positive relationship with self-efficacy of intention (b = 1.04;95% CI =-0.16 to 2.26; p = 0.089). A positive relationship with the intention to ordertreatment of TB (b = 2.1; CI 95% = 1.24 to 2.97; p = 0.001).Conclusion: Education, knowledge, attitude, social support self-efficacy related to improve the regularity of treatment of TB through the intention to treat.Keywords:Attitude, Distance, Social Support, Self-Efficacy, Consistency of Treatment of TBCorrespondence: Lina Puspitasari. Midwifery Academic Graha Mandiri Cilacap. Email: [email protected] of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2016, 1(1): 58-65https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.01.07Â

Effects of Sexual Behavior, Family Support, Peer Support, Stigma, and Discrimination on Quality of Life Among Gay Community in Tulungagung, East Java

Background: Stigma and discrimination that are experienced by gay community have long been documented to occur in Indonesia, including Tulungagung District, East Java. Gay community often experience stigma, discrimination, and rejection by the society and health personnel. Stigma and discrimination may worsen the quality of life among gay community. This study aimed to examine the effects of sexual behavior, family support, family income, peer support, stigma, and discrimination on quality of life among gay community in Tulungagung, East Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in Pelangi Gay Community, Tulungagung District, from October to November, 2017. A total sample of 181 gays was selected by stratified random sampling. The exogenous variables were sexual behavior, family income, peer support, stigma, and discrimination. The endogenous variables were family support and quality of life. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Better quality of life was positively affected by safe sexual behavior (b= 1.32; 95% CI= 0.18 to 2.46; p= 0.023) and strong family support (b= 1.47; 95% CI= 0.42 to 2.51; p= 0.006). Strong family support was positively affected by family income (b= 1.62; 95% CI= 0.97 to 2.27; p= 0.001). Better quality of life was positively affected by participation in peer support program (b= 2.84; 95% CI= 1.77 to 3.91; p= 0.001), freedom of stigma (b= 1.11; 95% CI= -0.04 to 2.26; p= 0.060), and freedom of discrimination (b= 1.43; 95% CI= 0.37 to 2.48; p= 0.008).Conclusion: Safe sexual behavior and strong family support have direct positive effect on the quality of life among gay community. Stigma and discrimination have indirect effect on lower quality of life among gay community.Keyword: quality of life, sexual behavior, family support, stigma, discrimination, gayCorrespondence: Dily Ekasari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected] of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(1): 50-59https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.01.04Â

A TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION MODEL FOR DISASTER-RESILIENT CHILD

Purpose of study: An objective of disaster-safety education unit program in Indonesia is to empower students (schoolchildren) in dealing with disaster. This research aimed to describe the transformative learning process about disaster mitigation to students and to analyze the changing process and the learning achievement. Methodology:  The research method chosen was Participatory Action Research (PAR)’s approach putting school children as the subject of research. The research took place in Kampong Sewu and Semanggi Solo that was always exposed to flood disaster during rainy season. Paulo Freire’s Transformative Learning Theory was used to analyze the result of analysis with children’s knowledge production (cognitive), critical reflection (affective), and action plan (psychomotor) approaches. Finding of study: The findings of research were as follows. Firstly, knowledge production approach was accomplished through exploring the children’s knowledge on a variety of disaster vulnerabilities in village and school environment s through illustrative picture. Secondly, critical reflection approach was carried out through identifying types of disaster and effect resulting through traditional game and docudrama. Thirdly, action plan approach was conducted by mapping evacuation map, meeting point, and disaster overcoming strategy with disaster simulation technique, and utilizing school and village resources. Applications of study:These three approaches in transformative learning process concerning disaster mitigation were expected to improve capacity and to reduce the students’ vulnerability, thereby realizing the students’ powerfulness in dealing with disaster. Novelty/Originality: The novelty of research was that it built school children’s powerfulness integrated into commonness and local wisdom values of Kampong Sewu and Semanggi

Factors Associated with Safe Sex Behavior Among Commercial Sex Workers in Banjarsari, Surakarta, Central Java

Background: It is estimated that more than one million people in the world contract sexually-transmitted disease everyday. Annually approximately 357 million new infections occur by one of four sexually-transmitted diseases: chlamidia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and mouth ulcer. To date HIV/AIDS has spread in 407 of 507 districts and municipalities in Indonesia, or equivalently covering 80% districts and municipalities of the country. In Surakarta, the cumulative incidence of HIV/AIDS from 2005 to 2017 was 561 cases, with 38 HIV cases and 46 AIDS cases in 2017 alone. The incidence of HIV/AIDS has been increasing year by year. This study aimed to examine factors associated with safe sex behavior among commercial sex workers in Banjarsari, Surakarta, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in Banjarsari Sub-district, Surakarta, Central Java. A total sample of 100 commercial sex workers was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was safe sex behavior. The independent variables were knowledge of infectious transmitted disease and HIV/AIDS, self efficacy, condom availability, access to health care service, health personnel support, and peer support. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results: Safe sex behavior was associated with good knowledge of sexually-transmitted disease and HIV/AIDS (b=0.19; 95% CI=0.01 to 0.30; p=0.032), strong self efficacy (b= 0.18; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.38; p= 0.047), condom availability (b=0.30; 95% CI= 0.36 to 1.20; p<0.001), good access to health care service (b= 0.19; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.52; p= 0.035), strong health personnel support (b= 0.18; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.57; p=0.041), strong peer support (b= 0.17; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.50; p= 0.046).Conclusion: Safe sex behavior is associated with good knowledge of sexually-transmitted disease and HIV/AIDS, strong self efficacy, condom availability, access to health care service, strong health personnel support, strong peer support.Keyword: safe sex behavior, knowledge, self efficacy, condom availability, access to health service, health personnel support, peer supportCorrespondence: Maecelina Hestin Ambarsari. Masters Program in Public Heath, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285742975078.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(1): 60-71https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.01.05Â

Conservation Practices of Sangiran Archaelogical Site as a Cultural Heritage

This research aimed to investigate the social practices done by people around Sangiran archaeological site in the intention to conserve it as a cultural heritage. To know such practices, therefore, a study on people’s habitus, capitals (economic, cultural, social, and symbolic) availability, and their field around the site as a cultural heritage. To address the intention, then, this study was design and administered in the light of qualitative research approach with single case study strategy. The data were collected from several informants, relevant documents, and archives by using several data collection techniques (interview, observation, and documentation). Next, samples were chosen by using non-probability sampling with maximum variation sampling. The samples, from which the data were obtained, are informants from Balai Pelestarian Situs Manusia Purba (BPSMPS) / Premordial man conservation office, public figures (Krikilan village authority) and people working in and off the site area  From the data collected, it is, then, known that people’s habitus around the site is closely related to the historical development of researches on and discoveries of primordial man fossils in the area in 1930’s. People’s knowledge and perception about the local wisdoms, local cultural values, values of belief, and daily acts reflects the preserved habitus of theirs. To perform the social practices regarding the site conservation, the people, then, combine between the existed habitus and the available capitals. Not only economic or material capitals of which the people utilize, but they also significantly utilize cultural, social, and symbolic capitals which can be invested and inherited to produce several other beneficial capital to gain certain positions in particular area.  Furthermore, it is also revealed that the conservation practices done are fully handled by Balai Pelestarian Situs Manusia Purba Sangiran (BPSMPS) / Premordial man conservation office. However, the institution does not work independently, but rather involve the people around the area as well. They, the people, take parts by handing the fossils found to the official party for the sake of research development. In addition, they also contribute by actively engaged in the empowerment programs managed by BPSMPS to develop the tourism potential of the site (Museum) Keywords: Conservation practices, habitus, capitals, field, Sangira