Will climate change compromise the thermal comfort areas of socio-economically important bivalve species in the Rías Baixas (NW Spain)?

Ponencia presentada en: XII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Santiago de Compostela entre el 19 y el 21 de octubre de 2022.[ES]Los bivalvos infaunales Ruditapes decussatus, Ruditapes philippinarum, Venerupis corrugata y Cerastoderma edule forman parte de una de las pesquerías con mayor importancia socioeconómica en las Rías Baixas (NO de España). El calentamiento del océano podría afectar a estas pesquerías ya que el aumento de la temperatura daría lugar a un incremento del estrés al que se ven sometidas estas especies, reduciendo su productividad e incluso propiciando cambios en su distribución geográfica. En este estudio se analizó cómo el aumento de la temperatura del agua podría afectar a la distribución geográfica de las zonas de confort térmico de estos bivalvos a finales del siglo XXI. El modelo Delft3D se utilizó para simular la hidrodinámica de las Rías Baixas durante los meses de julio y agosto del periodo histórico (1990-2019) y el periodo futuro (2075-2099) bajo el escenario RCP8.5. Durante el periodo histórico, las zonas más favorables para especies intermareales como R. decussatus, R. philippinarum y C. edule se observaron principalmente en la parte interior de las rías. Para V. corrugata, las zonas con confort se sitúan en el intermareal inferior y submareal somero. Las proyecciones futuras sugieren un aumento general de la extensión de las zonas con condiciones térmicas óptimas en comparación con el periodo histórico para R. decussatus, C. edule y V. corrugata. En el caso de R. philippinarum, la extensión podría disminuir en el futuro. Por último, la productividad de estas especies podría verse reducida en las áreas de marisqueo situadas en las zonas menos profundas de los sectores interiores de las Rías Baixas debido al aumento de la temperatura del agua.[EN]The infaunal bivalves Ruditapes decussatus, Ruditapes philippinarum, Venerupis corrugata and Cerastoderma edule are part of one of the most socio-economically important shellfisheries in the Rías Baixas (NW Spain). Ocean warming may affect these fisheries as the increase in water temperature would increase the stress conditions these species are subjected to. It could reduce their productivity and even change their geographical distribution. The present study analysed how rising ocean temperatures could affect the geographical distribution of the thermal comfort areas of these bivalves at the end of the 21st century. The Delft3D model was used to simulate the hydrodynamics of the Rías Baixas during the months of July and August of the historical period (1990-2019) and the future period (2075-2099) under the RCP8.5 scenario. Historically, the most comfortable areas for intertidal species such as R. decussatus, R. philippinarum and C. edule are mainly found in the inner part of the rias. For V. corrugata, the comfort zones are located in the lower intertidal and shallow subtidal. Future projections suggest a general increase in the extent of areas with optimal thermal conditions compared to the historical period for R. decussatus, C. edule and V. corrugata and a decrease for R. philippinarum. Finally, the productivity of these species could be reduced in the shellfishing areas located in the shallower areas of the inner sectors of the Rías Baixas due to the increase in water temperature

Association of Country Income Level With the Characteristics and Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients Hospitalized With Acute Kidney Injury and COVID-19

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been identified as one of the most common and significant problems in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. However, studies examining the relationship between COVID-19 and AKI in low- and low-middle income countries (LLMIC) are lacking. Given that AKI is known to carry a higher mortality rate in these countries, it is important to understand differences in this population. Methods: This prospective, observational study examines the AKI incidence and characteristics of 32,210 patients with COVID-19 from 49 countries across all income levels who were admitted to an intensive care unit during their hospital stay. Results: Among patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit, AKI incidence was highest in patients in LLMIC, followed by patients in upper-middle income countries (UMIC) and high-income countries (HIC) (53%, 38%, and 30%, respectively), whereas dialysis rates were lowest among patients with AKI from LLMIC and highest among those from HIC (27% vs. 45%). Patients with AKI in LLMIC had the largest proportion of community-acquired AKI (CA-AKI) and highest rate of in-hospital death (79% vs. 54% in HIC and 66% in UMIC). The association between AKI, being from LLMIC and in-hospital death persisted even after adjusting for disease severity. Conclusions: AKI is a particularly devastating complication of COVID-19 among patients from poorer nations where the gaps in accessibility and quality of healthcare delivery have a major impact on patient outcomes