Toward a comprehensive taxonomy of human motives - Fig 1

<p>(A and B) Cluster Solution for Motive Taxonomy.</p

Labeled Clusters for Motive Taxonomy.

<p>Labeled Clusters for Motive Taxonomy.</p

(A) CB₂ receptor mRNA expression in the lumbar spinal cord was negatively correlated with macroscopic knee chondropathy scores. (B) GFAP mRNA expression in the lumbar spinal cord was positively correlated with macroscopic knee chondropathy scores. Data are expressed as mean (normalised to beta actin) ± SEM, statistical analysis (n = 11 separate spinal cord cases). Data were analysed with either a Pearson correlation or Spearman correlation depending on whether data passed normality testing.

<p>(A) CB₂ receptor mRNA expression in the lumbar spinal cord was negatively correlated with macroscopic knee chondropathy scores. (B) GFAP mRNA expression in the lumbar spinal cord was positively correlated with macroscopic knee chondropathy scores. Data are expressed as mean (normalised to beta actin) ± SEM, statistical analysis (n = 11 separate spinal cord cases). Data were analysed with either a Pearson correlation or Spearman correlation depending on whether data passed normality testing.</p

(A) Repeated systemic administration of the CB₂ receptor agonist JWH-133 (1 mg/kg; day 1–28) attenuated MIA-induced changes in weight bearing (p<0.001 area under the curve analysis of MIA + Vehicle vs. MIA + JWH133) and mechanical withdrawal thresholds (p<0.001 area under the curve analysis of MIA + Vehicle vs. MIA + JWH133) of the ipsilateral hindpaw, n = 8 rats per group). (B) Effects of repeated systemic administration of the CB₂ receptor agonist JWH-133 (1 mg/kg; day 1–28) on MIA-induced changes in serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10. Analysis of IL-1β and TNF-α used a one sample t-test using detection limit of kit as hypothetical value as there was no variation in saline + vehicle group and MIA + JWH133 group, for IL-10 data a one-way ANOVA and a Bonferroni post-hoc test was used, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 (n = 4–6 rat serum samples per group). (C–D) Effects of spinal JWH-133 on noxious (15 g and 26 g) mechanically evoked responses of WDR neurones in MIA-treate

<p>(A) Repeated systemic administration of the CB₂ receptor agonist JWH-133 (1 mg/kg; day 1–28) attenuated MIA-induced changes in weight bearing (p<0.001 area under the curve analysis of MIA + Vehicle vs. MIA + JWH133) and mechanical withdrawal thresholds (p<0.001 area under the curve analysis of MIA + Vehicle vs. MIA + JWH133) of the ipsilateral hindpaw, n = 8 rats per group). (B) Effects of repeated systemic administration of the CB₂ receptor agonist JWH-133 (1 mg/kg; day 1–28) on MIA-induced changes in serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10. Analysis of IL-1β and TNF-α used a one sample t-test using detection limit of kit as hypothetical value as there was no variation in saline + vehicle group and MIA + JWH133 group, for IL-10 data a one-way ANOVA and a Bonferroni post-hoc test was used, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 (n = 4–6 rat serum samples per group). (C–D) Effects of spinal JWH-133 on noxious (15 g and 26 g) mechanically evoked responses of WDR neurones in MIA-treated rats (n = 6 neurones in 6 rats) and saline-treated rats (n = 6 neurones). Spinal administration of vehicle did not alter evoked responses of neurons in MIA-treated rats (n = 7 neurones in 7 rats). Effects of JWH-133 (156 ng/50 µL) were abolished in the presence of SR144528 (n = 6 neurones in 6 rats; 0.001 µg/50 µl) as indicated by open circle data point on bottom two panels. Data are expressed as mean maximal inhibition (% of pre-drug response) ± SEM. Statistical analyses were performed using a Kruskal Wallis test or Mann Whitney test as appropriate (*p<0.05, **p<0.01 for MIA-JWH133 versus MIA-Vehicle and + p<0.05 for MIA-JWH133 versus MIA-JWH+SR144528). (D) Representative trace of innocuous (10 g) and noxious (15–60 g) mechanically evoked responses of a single dorsal horn neurone before and 30 minutes following spinal administration of JWH-133 (156 ng/50 µL) in MIA-treated rats.</p

Saanich_TimeSeries_Historical_O2_DATA

Historical dissolved oxygen winkler measurements at Station S3 in Saanich Inlet from 1953 to 2007. This data includes, geographical coordinates, date (year and month), depth (meters), temperature (celcius degrees), salinity (PSU), density (sigma-theta), oxygen (milliliter per liter and micromolar). For detailed methods see the manuscript

Saanich_TimeSeries_Winkler_DATA

Dissolved oxygen winkler measurements at Station S3 in Saanich Inlet from 2008-2014. This data includes unique geographical coordinates, date (year and month), depth (meters) and oxygen concentration (micromolar). See manuscript for detailed methods

Saanich_TimeSeries_Chemical

Chemical bottle data collected from Station S3 (-123.505, 48.59166667) in Saanich Inlet, BC, Canada. This data includes unique geographical coordinates for sampling station (Decimal degrees), Numerical identifier of individual cruises (Numeric string), Date of cruise (YY-MM-DD), Sampling depth (Meters), Oxygen concentration calculated from CTD SBE (Micromolar), Phosphate (Bran Luebbe AutoAnalyser - colorimetric) (Micromolar), Silicate (Bran Luebbe AutoAnalyser - colorimetric) (Micromolar), Nitrate (Bran Luebbe AutoAnalyser - colorimetric) (Micromolar), Average Ammonium (fluorometric) (Micromolar), Average Nitrite (colorimetric) (Micromolar), Average Hydrogen sulfide (colorimetric) (Micromolar), Cell counts value quantified by flow cytometry (Number of cells per millilitre (cells/mL)), Average concentration of Nitrogen gas (headspace) (Micromolar), Standard deviation for Nitrogen gas, Average concentration of Oxygen (headspace) (Micromolar), Standard deviation for Oxygen, Average concentration of Carbon dioxide (headspace) (Micromolar), Standard deviation for Carbon dioxide, Average concentration of Nitrous oxide (headspace or automated purge-and-trap) (Micromolar), Standard deviation for Nitrous oxide, Average concentration of Methane (headspace or automated purge-and-trap) (Nanomolar), Standard deviation for Methane. For detailed description of methods see manuscript

Saanich_TimeSeries_CTD_DATA

CTD data from Station S3 in Saanich Inlet. This data includes unique geographical coordinates for sampling station (Decimal degrees), Numerical identifier of individual cruises (Numeric string), Date of cruise (YY-MM-DD), CTD pressure measurement in intervals of 1 meter (Decibars), CTD temperature (Celsius degrees), CTD conductivity (Millisiemens per centimetre), CTD fluorometer chlorophyll measurement (Chlorophyll concentration in milligram per cubic meter), CTD transmissometer measurement (Light transmission), CTD Photosintentically active radiation (PAR) measurement (Irradiance), CTD Dissolved oxygen sensor measurement (SBE) (Volts), Oxygen concentration based on CTD Oxygen SBE (Micromolar), CTD salinity measurement at each pressure point (Practical salinity unit), CTD density measurement at each pressure point (Sigma-theta). For detailed description on methods see manuscript