Positive outcomes: validity, reliability and responsiveness of a novel person-centred outcome measure for people with HIV

Objectives Despite successful treatment, people living with HIV experience persisting and burdensome multidimensional problems. We aimed to assess the validity, reliability and responsiveness of Positive Outcomes, a patient-reported outcome measure for use in clinical practice. Methods In all, 1392 outpatients in five European countries self-completed Positive Outcomes, PAM-13 (patient empowerment), PROQOL-HIV (quality of life) and FRAIL (frailty) at baseline and 12 months. Analysis assessed: (a) validity (structural, convergent and divergent, discriminant); (b) reliability (internal consistency, test-retest); and (c) responsiveness. Results An interpretable four-factor structure was identified: ‘emotional wellbeing’, ‘interpersonal and sexual wellbeing’, ‘socioeconomic wellbeing’ and ‘physical wellbeing’. Moderate to strong convergent validity was found for three subscales of Positive Outcomes and PROQOL (ρ = −0.481 to −0.618, all p < 0.001). Divergent validity was found for total scores with weak ρ (−0.295, p < 0.001). Discriminant validity was confirmed with worse Positive Outcomes score associated with increasing odds of worse FRAIL group (4.81-fold, p < 0.001) and PAM-13 level (2.28-fold, p < 0.001). Internal consistency for total Positive Outcomes and its factors exceeded the conservative α threshold of 0.6. Test-retest reliability was established: those with stable PAM-13 and FRAIL scores also reported median Positive Outcomes change of 0. Improved PROQOL-HIV score baseline to 12 months was associated with improved Positive Outcomes score (r = −0.44, p < 0.001). Conclusions Positive Outcomes face and content validity was previously established, and the remaining validity, reliability and responsiveness properties are now demonstrated. The items within the brief 22-item tool are designed to be actionable by health and social care professionals to facilitate the goal of person-centred care

The challenge of building public technology infrastructure: issues of governance and sustainability in a digital business ecosystem

The digital business ecosystem (DBE) is an infrastructure that is being designed to support the flexible development and composition of business services. Operating under open source licensing and designed according to open standards principles, the DBE is currently funded by the European Commission. The issue facing DBE project partners who include research institutions, large technology companies and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is how to sustain the momentum of the project once funding ceases. Responsibility for maintaining the infrastructure and ensuring that it remains open will fall to a governing body. However, the legal and organisational requirements of that body have yet to be defined. This paper provides details of research in progress which is being carried out into questions of governance and sustainability of the DBE infrastructure. Data collection will take the form of a ground-up process of consultation in which participating SMEs will be asked for their views on what form of governance the nascent DBE community should adopt. Early feedback suggests three areas of governance will take precedence during this transition phase: the constitution of a governing body; governance necessary to maintain the DBE infrastructure; and governance to support SME participation

PEMBERDAYAAN KOMUNITAS PEMUDA: MENUJU PALANGKA RAYA SEBAGAI IBUKOTA PEMERINTAHAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA

The article aimed to analyze and identify the readiness of the Palangka Raya city to be the Administrative Capital City of the Republic of Indonesia. An indicator is from the aspect of Youth readiness in the City of Palangka Raya in welcoming the transfer of the administrative capital city. As an important aspect in preparing the Palangka Raya city as the Capital of the future Government is the readiness of youth in the Palangka Raya itself in welcoming the transfer of the administrative capital city from Jakarta to Palangka Raya. Youth, in reality, is a pioneer of any changes occurring throughout the history of the Indonesian. The roles of youth always start from the National Awakening on 1908, the Youth Oath on 1928, the Independence Revolution on 1945, the Proclamation of Independence on 1945, and the Reformation Movement on 1998. Based on history on behalf of the Youth has sensitivity to the problems faced by the nation. Currently, there is a positive trend related to Youth activities in Palangka Raya. Today, there are a lot of youth communities in the Palangka Raya that are formed by young people on the basis of social awareness, voluntary and non-profit oriented aiming to improve competence. There needs a collaboration between the local government and the youth community aiming to invite more youth in Palangka Raya who are creative in an effort in welcoming the transfer of the administrative capital city of Republic of Indonesia, from Jakarta to Palangka Raya city

Who do you think you are? A review of the complex interplay between information systems, identification and identity

This paper introduces the special issue on information systems, identity and identification. In addition to introducing the papers in the special issue, it provides a state-of-the-art review of research into identity and identification to contextualise the contributions of the special issue papers. The paper reviews research themes in personal and organisational identity as well as research challenges in identification before considering the interplay between these two strands