Четверта міжнародна наукова-практична конференція «Комп’ютерне моделювання в хімії і технологіях та системах сталого розвитку»

Визначено об'єм вибірки, необхідної для оцінки якісних показників партії продукції для підприємства по виробництву клею. Показано, що розраховане значення об'єму вибірки дозволяє достовірно визначати показники генеральної сукупності. На підставі проведеного статистичного аналізу дана оцінка якості роботи устаткування.The volume of sample required for the evaluation of quality indicators of production-run for enterprises which produce the PVA adhesive is defined. It is shown that the calculated sample volume can reliably determine the parameters of the entire assembly. The quality assessment of the equipment, based on the statistical analysis, have been given.Определен объем необходимой выборки для оценки качественных показателей партии продукции для предприятия по производству клея. Показано, что рассчитанное значения объема выборки позволяет достоверно определять показатели генеральной совокупности. На основании проведенного статистического анализа дана оценка качеству работы оборудования

Многокритериальная оптимизация процесса дубления модифицированным методом Хука—Дживса

Розв’язано задачу багатокритеріальної умовної оптимізації хромового дублення шкіряного напівфабрикату із застосуванням модифікованого методу Хука—Дживса. Критерій оптимальності сформульований у вигляді узагальненої адитивної цільової функції. Локальні критерії цільової функції нормовані і приведені до безрозмірного вигляду. Вагові коефіцієнти отримані на основі експертних оцінок. Алгоритм модифікованого методу Хука—Дживса покладено в основу програмного модуля, який реалізовано за допомогою об’єктно-орієнтованої мови програмування Visual Basic for Application. У програмному модулі передбачена можливість роботи з явними і неявними обмеженнями. Розроблений програмний модуль використаний для пошуку оптимальних значень узагальненої цільової функції. Для маловідходної технології дублення шкіряного напівфабрикату з використанням сухого хромового дубителя отримано її математичний опис і визначено обмеження на технологічні параметри процесу. Запропонований метод може бути використаний для оптимізації аналогічних технологічних процесів.The task of multi-objective constrained optimization of chrome tanning of semi-finished leather applying the Hooke—Jeeves method is solved. The optimality criterion is formulated in the form of a generalized additive objective function. Local criteria for the objective function are normalized and nondimensionalized. The weighting parameters are obtained on the basis of professional assessments. The algorithm of the modified Hooke—Jeeves method is the basis for the software module, which is implemented using object-oriented programming language Visual Basic for Application. The possibility to work with explicit and implicit constraints in the software module is provided. The developed software module is used to find the optimal values of the generalized objective function. For a low-waste technology of chrome tanning of semi-finished leather with dry chrome tanning agent its mathematical description is obtained and its constraints on the technological parameters of the process are determined. The optimization problem of the dry chrome tanning of semi-finished leather process is solved and the optimal values of the parameters of the tanning process are determined.Решена задача многокритериальной условной оптимизации хромового дубления кожевенного полуфабриката с использованием модифицированного метода Хука—Дживса. Критерий оптимальности сформулирован в виде обобщенной аддитивной целевой функции. Локальные критерии целевой функции нормируются и приведены к безразмерному виду. Весовые коэффициенты получены на основе экспертных оценок. Алгоритм модифицированного метода Хука—Дживса положен в основу программного модуля, который реализован с помощью объектно-ориентированного языка программирования Visual Basic for Application. В программном модуле предусмотрена возможность работы с явными и неявными ограничениями. Разработанный программный модуль использован для поиска оптимальных значений обобщенной целевой функции. Для малоотходной технологии дубления кожевенного полуфабриката с использованием сухого хромового дубителя получено ее математическое описание и определены ограничения на технологические параметры процесса. Предложенный метод может быть использован для оптимизации аналогичных технологических процессов

Kollageeni struktuuris naha töötlemisel tekkivad muutused

The characteristic features of forming the collagen structure in the beam-house process and tanning have been investigated. It is shown that the moderate derma-swelling rate during liming provides effective fixation of the derma structure in tanning. The formation of strong crosslinkages during tanning leads to the change in the deformation character of derma collagen, especially in the compression test. The usage of the glutaric aldehyde by tanning allows to reduce the consumption of chrome compounds or fully exclude them and at the same time to receive soft elastic leather with a high volume yield.On uuritud kollageeni struktuuri naha lupjamisel ja parkimisel. Mõõdukas pundumiskiirus parkimisel tagab derma struktuuri tõhusa kinnistumise. Ristseotiste teke lupjamisel tõstab naha elastsust. Parkimisel tungivad glutaaraldehüüdi molekulid kollageeni struktuuri amorfsetesse piirialadesse ja tekitavad püsivaid ristseotisi, muutes naha pehmemaks ja elastsemaks, ühtlasi vähendades kroomiühendite kulu

Застосування методу градієнта для вирішення задачі оптимізації

The constrained optimization task of wool sheepskin tanning–greasing applying Gradient method is solved. The optimality criterion is formulated as generalized additive objective function. The modified Gradient method algorithm is based on software module. Mathematical description for a low-waste technology using dry chrome tanning agent is obtained and its constraints are determined

The Placenta: Applications in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine.

Background: Placenta has a long history of use for treating burns and wounds. It is a rich source of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins, tissue reparative growth factors, and stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Recent data show its therapeutic potential for orthopaedic sports medicine indications. Purpose: To provide orthopaedic surgeons with an anatomic description of the placenta, to characterize its cellular composition, and to review the literature reporting the use of placenta-derived cells and placental tissue allografts for orthopaedic sports medicine indications in animal models and in humans. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: Using a total of 63 keyword combinations, the PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched for published articles describing the use of placental cells and/or tissue for orthopaedic sports medicine indications. Information was collected on placental tissue type, indications, animal model, study design, treatment regimen, safety, and efficacy outcomes. Results were categorized by indication and subcategorized by animal model. Results: Outcomes for 29 animal studies and 6 human studies reporting the use of placenta-derived therapeutics were generally positive; however, the placental tissue source, clinical indication, and administration route were highly variable across these studies. Fourteen animal studies described the use of placental tissue for tendon injuries, 13 studies for osteoarthritis or articular cartilage injuries, 3 for ligament injuries, and 1 for synovitis. Both placenta-derived culture-expanded cells (epithelial cells or MSCs) and placental tissue allografts were used in animal studies. In all human studies, commercial placental allografts were used. Five of 6 human studies examined the treatment of foot and ankle pathological conditions, and 1 studied the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Conclusion: A review of the small number of reported studies revealed a high degree of variability in placental cell types, placental tissue preparation, routes of administration, and treatment regimens, which prohibits making any definitive conclusions. Currently, the clinical use of placenta is limited to only commercial placental tissue allografts, as there are no placenta-derived biological drugs approved for the treatment of orthopaedic sports medicine conditions in the United States. However, this review shows that the application of placental cells or tissue allografts appears to be safe and has potential to improve outcomes for orthopaedic sports medicine indications. </jats:sec

Formation of osteoconductive biograft with bioorganic scaffold, human mesenchymal stromal cells, and platelet-rich plasma with its evaluation in vitro

Background: Complex graft bioengineering is an actual topic in bone defects’ repair. For those, different scaffolds may be seeded with mesenchymal stromal cells and growth / differentiation factors. The natural role of platelet factors in reparative processes justifies the possibility of its usage for mesenchymal stromal cell proliferation and differentiation into osteoblasts in vitro in terms of the scaffold-based bioengineering. To develop and evaluate in vitro biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of a complex biograft based on a bioorganic scaffold seeded with human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells and saturated with growth and differentiation factors of allogeneic platelet-rich plasma. Results: The properties of viability and adhesion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in four types of bioorganic scaffolds were evaluated with biochemical and immunomorphological methods. Scaffold with the least cytotoxicity was used as a basis for complex biograft formation, so as a carrier for cells and platelet-derived factors. Then, cell proliferation activity and osteogenic differentiation were estimated with biochemical, morphological, histochemical and molecular-biological methods. The study showed high viability of cells in all bioorganic scaffolds but the least cytotoxicity was the one based on xenogeneic collagen sponge. We also found that allogeneic platelet-rich plasma positively affects the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in a complex biograft in vitro. Conclusions: The properties of the developed complex biograft characterize its biocompatibility and osteoconductivity and make it potentially suitable for regenerative medicine, particularly for reconstructive surgery of bone defects.How to cite: Danilkovich NN, Kosmacheva SM, Ionova AG, et al. Formation of osteoconductive biograft with bioorganic scaffold, human mesenchymal stromal cells, and platelet rich plasma with its evaluationin vitro. Electron J Biotechnol 2024;69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2024.01.004