CPWF Medium Term Plan (2011-2013)

Co-localization of Poldip2 with cortical perivascular astrocytes. A tissue section was prepared from an uninjured Poldip2+/+ mouse and stained for immunofluorescence with primary antibodies specific for Poldip2 (purple), endothelial cells (Isolectin IB4, green), or the astrocyte marker GFAP (red). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Z-stack images were collected and animated in 3D using Imaris software to produce a video file. (MP4 3146 kb

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Polymerase delta-interacting protein 2 deficiency protects against blood-brain barrier permeability in the ischemic brain

Characterization of the cerebral vasculature and blood flow. a Immediately after euthanasia, Poldip2+/+ and Poldip2+/− mice were sequentially perfused with papaverine, formalin, and microfil compound containing lead chromate. The whole brain micro-CT scans were performed at 16-μm resolution. The bar graph represents vascular connectivity as means ± SEM of nine to ten mice per group. *p < 0.05. b Representative whole brain micro-CT angiographs from Poldip2+/+ and Poldip2+/− mice. Imaging software was used to render 3D models, presented here as 2D maximal intensity projections. c Baseline cerebral blood flow (CBF) flux measured using LDPI. The bar graph represents means ± SEM of three to four mice per group. d Anesthetized Poldip2+/+ and Poldip2+/− mice were endotracheally intubated, and hypercapnia was induced three successive times using 5% CO2 inhalation for 5 min, separated with 5 min normocapnia intervals. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) was calculated as the increase of CBF (%) divided by the maximum increase in end-tidal CO2 pressure (∆mmHg) during hypercapnia. The bar graph represents means ± SEM of three to four mice per group. e Representative LDPI tracings from Poldip2+/+ and Poldip2+/− mice. f Representative electron micrographs from cortical capillaries of Poldip2+/+ and Poldip2+/− mice. Lumen (L); endothelial cells (EC); basement membrane (BM); astrocyte (As), and pericyte (P). Scale bar 1 μm. (PDF 1588 kb

Additional file 4: Figure S3. of Polymerase delta-interacting protein 2 deficiency protects against blood-brain barrier permeability in the ischemic brain

Poldip2 deletion reduces blood-brain barrier disruption 24 h after non-reperfusion cerebral ischemia induced by temporary unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxia. Evans blue extravasation was measured as in Fig. 2. The bar graph represents means ± SEM of three to five mice per group. One-way ANOVA *p < 0.05. (PDF 96 kb

Additional file 3: Video S1. of Polymerase delta-interacting protein 2 deficiency protects against blood-brain barrier permeability in the ischemic brain

Co-localization of Poldip2 with cortical perivascular astrocytes. A tissue section was prepared from an uninjured Poldip2+/+ mouse and stained for immunofluorescence with primary antibodies specific for Poldip2 (purple), endothelial cells (Isolectin IB4, green), or the astrocyte marker GFAP (red). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Z-stack images were collected and animated in 3D using Imaris software to produce a video file. (MP4 3146 kb