Educazione alla cittadinanza: riflessioni su un\u2019esperienza condotta in una scuola primaria italiana.

In Italian schools, Citizenship education is based on practices of constructing a democratic space in order to develop students' sense of belonging to their community and sensitivity to the problems that affect this community. These conditions are necessary to allow students to internalize the structure and dynamics of cohabitation and to ensure that daily life can be organised in such a way that everyone can be a protagonist and participate in the creation and regulation of rules, be they social in nature, or linked to teaching and education. Taking the perspective that Citizenship is an implicit part of the curriculum and school ethos (Bloomfield 2003; Gearon, 2003), rather than as a specific school subject, this article proposes some reflections on an experience on Citizenship education \u2013 intended as instruction on cohabitation and democracy \u2013 carried out at an Italian primary school. This experiment, which is the result of a continuous process of \u201caction-reflection-action\u201d conducted by teaches over five school years, has allowed the implementation of a \u201cframework of guiding principles\u201d for Citizenship education. In conclusion, the article puts forward some reflections on the teaching abilities necessary for creating educational communities within which Citizenship education work sas an integral background of all proposed activities

COLONNE IN VETRO STRATIFICATO: CRITERI DI PROGETTAZIONE

This paper concerns the key aspects of the design of laminated glass structural elements subjected to axial forces of compression. An analysis of the Italian and European design-code frame is conducted with the analysis of experimental results reported in literature. The present study shown the existing of many problems in the implementation of these structural elements, such as a significant reduction of the theoretical value of compressive strength. Finally, we report the design process and the numerical analysis of laminated glass columns of a canopy prototype designed by the authors, starting by the definition of the loads and boundary conditions, the definition of the supporting structures, the processing of three-dimensional model to finite elements and the final geometry and mechanics of glass structures

Utilisation des représentations enfantines en biologie et formation des maîtres

Cet article reprend quelques-unes des idées développées dans une thèse traitant la prise en compte des représentations. En classe, leur utilisation constitue une somme d'outils de prédiction et de prévention, mais aussi d'élaboration et de diagnostic. Dans le cadre de la formation des maîtres, les représentations sont précieuses car elles éclairent sur le " quoi " et le " comment " enseigner. Elles permettent en outre de comprendre comment se construit le savoir scientifiqu

Cosmic-ray measurements by reconstructing longitudinal profiles for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation gamma-ray observatory in the energy range from 20 GeV to 300 TeV, offering 5-10 times better flux sensitivity than the current generation of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Each telescope will capture an image of the Cherenkov light produced when air showers created by gamma rays or cosmic rays pass through the atmosphere. The longitudinal development of the shower in the atmosphere can be studied by measuring the number of charged particles produced as a function of depth. The reconstruction of the longitudinal shower profile provides the depth of the shower maximum Xmax which is a mass-sensitive parameter useful for cosmic ray composition. In this work, we reconstruct the longitudinal profile and the Xmax of air showers initiated by two kinds of cosmic ray species, proton, and iron, with energies between 10 TeV and 300 TeV. This reconstruction is different from other methods that have been used in the past as template-based fit techniques that require a detailed and computing-intensive simulation chain. In contrast, we use for the first time a parameterized function for the angular distribution of Cherenkov light around the shower axis.</p

Cosmic-ray measurements by reconstructing longitudinal profiles for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation gamma-ray observatory in the energy range from 20 GeV to 300 TeV, offering 5-10 times better flux sensitivity than the current generation of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Each telescope will capture an image of the Cherenkov light produced when air showers created by gamma rays or cosmic rays pass through the atmosphere. The longitudinal development of the shower in the atmosphere can be studied by measuring the number of charged particles produced as a function of depth. The reconstruction of the longitudinal shower profile provides the depth of the shower maximum Xmax which is a mass-sensitive parameter useful for cosmic ray composition. In this work, we reconstruct the longitudinal profile and the Xmax of air showers initiated by two kinds of cosmic ray species, proton, and iron, with energies between 10 TeV and 300 TeV. This reconstruction is different from other methods that have been used in the past as template-based fit techniques that require a detailed and computing-intensive simulation chain. In contrast, we use for the first time a parameterized function for the angular distribution of Cherenkov light around the shower axis.</p

Cosmic-ray measurements by reconstructing longitudinal profiles for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation gamma-ray observatory in the energy range from 20 GeV to 300 TeV, offering 5-10 times better flux sensitivity than the current generation of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Each telescope will capture an image of the Cherenkov light produced when air showers created by gamma rays or cosmic rays pass through the atmosphere. The longitudinal development of the shower in the atmosphere can be studied by measuring the number of charged particles produced as a function of depth. The reconstruction of the longitudinal shower profile provides the depth of the shower maximum Xmax which is a mass-sensitive parameter useful for cosmic ray composition. In this work, we reconstruct the longitudinal profile and the Xmax of air showers initiated by two kinds of cosmic ray species, proton, and iron, with energies between 10 TeV and 300 TeV. This reconstruction is different from other methods that have been used in the past as template-based fit techniques that require a detailed and computing-intensive simulation chain. In contrast, we use for the first time a parameterized function for the angular distribution of Cherenkov light around the shower axis.</p

Dynamical charge density fluctuations pervading the phase diagram of a Cu-based high-Tc superconductor

Charge density waves are a common occurrence in all families of high critical temperature superconducting cuprates. Although consistently observed in the underdoped region of the phase diagram and at relatively low temperatures, it is still unclear to what extent they influence the unusual properties of these systems. Using resonant x-ray scattering we carefully determined the temperature dependence of charge density modulations in (Y,Nd)Ba$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-{\delta}}$ for three doping levels. We discovered short-range dynamical charge density fluctuations besides the previously known quasi-critical charge density waves. They persist up to well above the pseudogap temperature T*, are characterized by energies of few meV and pervade a large area of the phase diagram, so that they can play a key role in shaping the peculiar normal-state properties of cuprates.Comment: 34 pages, 4 figures, 11 supplementary figure

Multitrace deformations, Gamow states, and Stability of AdS/CFT

We analyze the effect of multitrace deformations in conformal field theories at leading order in a large N approximation. These theories admit a description in terms of a weakly coupled gravity dual. We show how the deformations can be mapped into boundary terms of the gravity theory and how to reproduce the RG equations found in field theory. In the case of doubletrace deformations, and for bulk scalars with masses in the range $-d^2/4<m^2<-d^2/4+1$, the deformed theory flows between two fixed points of the renormalization group, manifesting a resonant behavior at the scale characterizing the transition between the two CFT's. On the gravity side the resonance is mapped into an IR non-normalizable mode (Gamow state) whose overlap with the UV region increases as the dual operator approaches the free field limit. We argue that this resonant behavior is a generic property of large N theories in the conformal window, and associate it to a remnant of the Nambu-Goldstone mode of dilatation invariance. We emphasize the role of nonminimal couplings to gravity and establish a stability theorem for scalar/gravity systems with AdS boundary conditions in the presence of arbitrary boundary potentials and nonminimal coupling.Comment: 14 pages, references added, introduction change