Recognition of Cherenkov Ring Patterns with the HMPID-RICH Detector in ALICE at LHC

A high momentum particle identification detector (HMPID) covering about 50f the ALICE central barrel region has been designed and prototyped.The detector consists of seven RICH modules with a proximity focusing geometry, covering 12m2. The very large density of hits on the detector (80÷90 part/m2 in the extreme cases) makes the recognition of the Cherenkov photon patterns a complex and crucial task. A study of the pattern recognition based on the Hough transformation in terms of particle identification efficiency and particle contamination will be presented

Leptogenesis within a generalized quark-lepton symmetry

Quark-lepton symmetry has been shown to be inconsistent with baryogenesis via leptogenesis in natural schemes of the see-saw mechanism. Within the phenomenological approach of textures, we relax this strict symmetry and propose weaker conditions, namely models of the neutrino Dirac mass matrix $M_D$ which have the same hierarchy as the matrix elements of $M_u$. We call this guide-line generalized $hierarchical$ quark-lepton symmetry. We consider in detail particular cases in which the moduli of the matrix elements of $M_D$ are equal to those of $M_u$. Within the phenomenological approach of textures, we try for the heavy Majorana mass matrix diagonal and off-diagonal forms. We find that an ansatz for $M_D$ preserving the hierarchy, together with an off-diagonal model for the heavy Majorana neutrino mass, is consistent with neutrino masses, neutrino mixing and baryogenesis via leptogenesis for an intermediate mass scale $m_R \sim 10^{12}$ GeV. The preservation of the hierarchical structure could come from a possible symmetry scheme.Comment: 12 pages, RevTex4. Title and abstract changed. Revised and enlarged versio

NA57 main results

The CERN NA57 experiment was designed to study the production of strange and multi-strange particles in heavy ion collisions at SPS energies; its physics programme is essentially completed. A review of the main results is presented.Comment: SQM 2007 Conference Proceeding

Leptogenesis in the two right-handed neutrino model revisited

We revisit leptogenesis in the minimal non-supersymmetric type I see-saw mechanism with two right-handed (RH) neutrinos, including flavour effects and allowing both RH neutrinos N_1 and N_2 to contribute, rather than just the lightest RH neutrino N_1 that has hitherto been considered. By performing scans over parameter space in terms of the single complex angle z of the orthogonal matrix R, for a range of PMNS parameters, we find that in regions around z \sim \pm \pi/2, for the case of a normal mass hierarchy, the N_2 contribution can dominate the contribution to leptogenesis, allowing the lightest RH neutrino mass to be decreased by about an order of magnitude in these regions, down to M_1 \sim 1.3*10^11 GeV for vanishing initial N_2-abundance, with the numerical results supported by analytic estimates. We show that the regions around z \sim \pm \pi /2 correspond to light sequential dominance, so the new results in this paper may be relevant to unified model building.Comment: 41 pages, 10 figures; v2 matches published version in PR

Active-sterile neutrino oscillations in the early Universe: asymmetry generation at low |delta m^2| and the Landau-Zener approximation

It is well established that active-sterile neutrino oscillations generate large neutrino asymmetries for very small mixing angles ($\sin^2 2\theta_0\lesssim 10^{-4}$), negative values of $\delta m^2$ and provided that $|\delta m^2|\gtrsim 10^{-4} {\rm eV^2}$. By numerically solving the quantum kinetic equations, we show that the generation still occurs at much lower values of $|\delta m^2|$. We also describe the borders of the generation at small mixing angles and show how our numerical results can be analytically understood within the framework of the Landau-Zener approximation thereby extending previous work based on the adiabatic limit. This approximate approach leads to a fair description of the MSW dominated regime of the neutrino asymmetry evolution and is also able to correctly reproduce its final value. We also briefly discuss the impact that neutrino asymmetry generation could have on big bang nucleosynthesis, CMBR and relic neutrinos.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figures; to appear on Phys. ReV. D; figure 7 added, new curves in figure 5a, new figure

Recognition of Cherenkov patterns in high multiplicity environments

An algorithm for the recognition of Cherenkov patterns based on the Hough Transform Method (HTM), modified for signals with intrinsic width in presence of background, is presented. The method basically consists in a mapping of the pad coordinate space directly to the Cherenkov angle parameter space with a crucial increase of performance in the treatment of different pattern shapes and amount of background. The method has been developed in the framework of the ALICE experiment at CERN for the analysis of data taken in the HMPID (High Momentum Particle IDentification) RICH detector prototype test beam

Leptogenesis beyond the limit of hierarchical heavy neutrino masses

We calculate the baryon asymmetry of the Universe in thermal leptogenesis beyond the usual lightest right-handed (RH) neutrino dominated scenario (N_1DS) and in particular beyond the hierarchical limit (HL), M_1 << M_2 << M_3, for the RH neutrino mass spectrum. After providing some orientation among the large variety of models, we first revisit the central role of the N_1DS, with new insights on the dynamics of the asymmetry generation and then discuss the main routes departing from it, focusing on models beyond the HL. We study in detail two examples of `strong-strong' wash-out scenarios: one with `maximal phase' and the limit of very large M_3, studying the effects arising when delta_2=(M_2-M_1)/M_1 is small. We extend analytical methods already applied to the N_1DS showing, for example, that, in the degenerate limit (DL), the efficiency factors of the RH neutrinos become equal with the single decay parameter replaced by the sum. Both cases disprove the misconception that close RH neutrino masses necessarily lead to a final asymmetry enhancement and to a relaxation of the lower bounds on M_1 and on the initial temperature of the radiation-dominated expansion. We also explain why leptogenesis tends to favor normal hierarchy compared to inverted hierarchy for the left-handed neutrino masses.Comment: 30 pages, 8 figures; corrected typo in Eq. (67); shortened Introduction, Section 3 and Conclusions; one figure removed; added 2 references; to appear in JCA

Production of K∗(892)0 and φ(1020) in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

The production of K∗(892)0 and ϕ(1020) in pp collisions at $sqrt{s}=7~mathrm{TeV}$ was measured by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The yields and the transverse momentum spectra d2 N/dydp T at midrapidity |y|&lt;0.5 in the range

A full analytic solution of SO(10)-inspired leptogenesis

Abstract Recent encouraging experimental results on neutrino mixing parameters prompt further investigation on SO(10)-inspired leptogenesis and on the associated strong thermal solution that has correctly predicted a non-vanishing reactor mixing angle, it further predicts sin δ ≲ 0, now supported by recent results at ∼ 95% C.L., normally ordered neutrino masses and atmospheric mixing angle in the first octant, best fit results in latest global analyses. Extending a recent analytical procedure, we account for the mismatch between the Yukawa basis and the weak basis, that in SO(10)-inspired models is described by a CKM-like unitary transformation V L , obtaining a full analytical solution that provides useful insight and reproduces accurately all numerical results, paving the way for future inclusion of different sources of theoretical uncertainties and for a statistical analysis of the constraints. We show how muon-dominated solutions appear for large values of the lightest neutrino mass in the range (0.01–1) eV but also how they necessarily require a mild fine tuning in the seesaw relation. For the dominant (and untuned) tauon-dominated solutions we show analytically how, turning on V L ≃ V CKM, some of the constraints on the low energy neutrino parameters get significantly relaxed. In particular we show how the upper bound on the atmospheric neutrino mixing angle in the strong thermal solution gets relaxed from θ 23 ≲ 41° to θ 23 ≲ 44°, an important effect in the light of the most recent NOνA, T2K and IceCube results