Associations of dietary, body mass index, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors with iron deficiency anemia.

Introduction:: Anemia is one of the important public health problems plaguing the world today. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) constitutes the majority of this anemia population. This study aims to explore the relationship of IDA and socio-demographic, lifestyle, dietary, physical activity, and different body size phenotypes in the adult Turkish populationMethods: The case-control study was carried out between August and October 2019 at the internal medicine outpatient clinic of the tertiary hospital. A total of 101 anemic and 111 age and gender matched non-anemic healthy controls were included. Iron-deficiency anemia was defined as the presence of both anemia and inflammation-adjusted ferritin concentration less than 15 ng/ml. Sociodemographic, lifestyle and nutritional characteristics of the participants were questioned with a questionnaire form. The physical activity level of the participants was evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).Results: Non-anemic 111 (90 female, 21 male) and anemic 101 (90 female, 11 male) participants were included in the study. Unemployment (p=0.02), tea consumption (p=0.001), chronic disease (p=0.036), physical activity (p lt;0.001) and dietary diversity (p lt;0.001) were significantly associated with anaemia. Body mass index of anemic participants were higher than non-anemic (p=0.025). Employment (OR: 2.81, 95% CI: 1.024–7.721, p=0.045), physical activity (minimum) (OR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.053–0.364, p lt; 0.001), physical activity (active) (OR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.097–0.926, p= 0.036), tea consumption time (OR: 4.42, 95% CI: 1.767–11.059, p= 0.001), vegetables portion (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.433–0.869, p= 0.006), dairy products portion (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.334–0.886, p= 0.015) were independently associated with IDA.Conclusions: Diet diversity, BMI, chronic disease, unemployment, physical activity, and tea consumption have been found to be factors associated with anemia. Food fortification and dietary education can contribute to improving iron status and reducing the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia at the risk population.Keywords: Iron-Deficiency Anemia; body mass index; lifestyle; diet; physical activit

Low serum levels of meteorin-like/subfatin is related to obesity and insulin resistance

Introduction: Meteorin-like (Metrnl), also known as subfatin is a newly discovered adipokine of adipocyte origin that may play a role in obesity and insulin resistance. The current study aimed to investigate the association between subfatin and biochemical values, demographic characteristics, and insulin resistance in obese patients and healthy controls.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 59 obese patients with sex and age-matched group of 41 healthy controls. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the serum levels of Subfatin (Metrnl), and the correlations of Metrnl level with anthropometric parameters, HOMA index, and biochemical measurements were assessed.Results: The levels of BMI (p lt;0.001), insulin (p=0.002), and HOMA-IR score (p lt;0.001) were significantly higher in obese patients than controls. The serum levels of Subfatin were found to be lower in obese patients (1.85 [1.35–5.51] ng/ml) compared to the healthy controls (21.82 [12.61–27.76] ng/ml) (p lt;0.001). Subfatin had a significantly negative relationship with age (r =-0.250, p=0.012), weight (r =-0.373, p=0.001), BMI (r =-0.492, p=0.001), HbA1c (r =-0.209, p=0.037), LDL (r =-0.264, p=0.008), HOMA-IR (r =-0.223, p=0.026), and glucose (r =-0.376, p lt;0.001). There was a significantly positive correlation between subfatin and height (r=0.321, p=0.001).Conclusion: These results show that levels of subfatin were decreased in obese patients. There is a relationship between circulating amounts of subfatin hormone and age, weight, height, LDL-cholesterol, glucose, hbA1c, and HOMA-IR. Subfatin might be a new biomarker of obesity and insulin resistance.Keywords: Meteorin-like/subfatin, adiposity, insulin resistance, adipokines, biomarkers, diabetes mellitus type

The effect of L-carnitine on insulin resistance in hemodialysed patients with chronic renal failure

We investigated the effect of L-carnitine in seven patients, four female and three male (mean age 44.4 +/- 6.0 years) with chronic renal failure. Six patients, four female and two male (mean age 49.3 +/- 2.2 years) with chronic renal failure were given a placebo (0.9% sodium chloride) as control, After the basal data were obtained, patients received a single intravenous dose of L-carnitine (1 g) or placebo and two hours later insulin sensitivity was studied by the intravenous insulin tolerance test. No change was observed in biochemical data and K-itt values in the placebo group, K-itt increased significantly with carnitine (from 2.99 +/- 0.3 to 3.54 +/- 0.2%/min, p < 0.03) compared to the control group (p < 0.02). This result suggests that L-carnitine may improve the insulin resistance common among uremic patients

The effect of L-carnitine on insulin resistance in hemodialysed patients with chronic renal failure

We investigated the effect of L-carnitine in seven patients, four female and three male (mean age 44.4 +/- 6.0 years) with chronic renal failure. Six patients, four female and two male (mean age 49.3 +/- 2.2 years) with chronic renal failure were given a placebo (0.9% sodium chloride) as control, After the basal data were obtained, patients received a single intravenous dose of L-carnitine (1 g) or placebo and two hours later insulin sensitivity was studied by the intravenous insulin tolerance test. No change was observed in biochemical data and K-itt values in the placebo group, K-itt increased significantly with carnitine (from 2.99 +/- 0.3 to 3.54 +/- 0.2%/min, p < 0.03) compared to the control group (p < 0.02). This result suggests that L-carnitine may improve the insulin resistance common among uremic patients

The effect of L-carnitine on insulin resistance in hemodialysed patients with chronic renal failure

We investigated the effect of L-carnitine in seven patients, four female and three male (mean age 44.4 +/- 6.0 years) with chronic renal failure. Six patients, four female and two male (mean age 49.3 +/- 2.2 years) with chronic renal failure were given a placebo (0.9% sodium chloride) as control, After the basal data were obtained, patients received a single intravenous dose of L-carnitine (1 g) or placebo and two hours later insulin sensitivity was studied by the intravenous insulin tolerance test. No change was observed in biochemical data and K-itt values in the placebo group, K-itt increased significantly with carnitine (from 2.99 +/- 0.3 to 3.54 +/- 0.2%/min, p < 0.03) compared to the control group (p < 0.02). This result suggests that L-carnitine may improve the insulin resistance common among uremic patients

Obesity and the activity of the autonomic nervous system

This study was conducted to examine the autonomic nervous system functions of obese people. The study group consisted of 30 healthy obese people (20 female, 10 male, age range 18-58, median 37.6&plusmn;9.7 years of age) and the control group consisted of 30 healthy nonobese people (18 female, 12 male, age range 17- 56, median 34.4&plusmn;7.5 years). Each function was tested by non-invasive applications (orthostatic test, isometric exercise test, Valsalva ratio test, 30/15 ratio test, heart rate change test by deep respiration). The results of the orthostatic test and isometric- exercise test yielded a statistically significant difference between the study and control groups. The Valsalva ratio, 30/15 ratio, and heart rate change with deep respiration tests also demonstrated significant differences in the study and in the control group. The results indicate characteristic hypofunctional sympathetic autonomic nervous system dysfunction in obese subjects