Classement de métonymies et son utilité dans la traduction automatique

The paper focuses on the problem of the classification of metonymy. Presenting various classifications of metonymy, the author wonders how they are useful for the purpose of automatic translation. The discussion undertaken in the paper concerns the classification proposed by Taouffic Massoussi, who in his doctoral dissertation has presented a very extensive and detailed classification of metonymy carried out from the point of view of automatic translation. On the basis of the analysis of selected examples, the author proposes a different classification of metonymic expressions employing the object-oriented approach proposed by Wiesław Banyś

Autour de la notion de predicat

The article is a contrastive analysis of two important conceptions dealing with the description of language: S. Karolak’s semantic theory of predicate-arguments structure and G. Gross’ object oriented approach. The first part of the article is devoted to a brief presentation of basic principles of both the approaches. An attempt is made at analyzing the notion of predicate in both conceptions, as well. Taking into consideration the fact that the theory of predicate-arguments structure has influenced the development of G. Gross’ lexicographic approach, the authors concentrate also on the presentation of differences and similarities between the two conceptions

Cette table part demain - la faute du traducteur ou l'intention de l'auteur? : a propos de la metonymie dans la traduction automatique

The paper constitutes the analysis of the question of metonymy in automated translation. An average language user is not familiar with the notion, which does not preclude them from using metonymic structures on a daily basis. By being natural mental shortcuts they guarantee faster communication and, hence, contribute to economy in language. Similarly, an automated translator “does not know” that an expression which it is to translate is called metonymy. But this particular knowledge would not be useful in the process since the computer’s task is to translate the given expression correctly in the target language, not to define or classify it. Therefore, the following paper does not touch upon the question of definition, categorization or criteria of distinguishing metonymy among other structures. Instead, by analyzing examples translated into French the author presents the solution for translating metonymic structures in automated translation, which is based on the Object Oriented Approach formulated by Wiesław Banyś

Question de metonymie dans la traduction automatique

The article is devoted to the problem of metonymy in automatic translation. The author focuses on possible difficulties that can arise in the process of automatic translation of metonymic structures. The analysis of the problem is largely based on the examples taken from corpus material, which has been collected by the author, referring to the parts of the body and analysed according to the object oriented approach proposed by W. Banyś, as well as on the examples taken from the doctoral dissertation by T. Massoussi, which is devoted to a very thorough classification of various metonymic uses. The author shows how the adopted method of analysing language items can serve as a tool in solving problems that may appear in the process of translating the structures in question

Probleme d’heritage semantique dans la description des parties du corps

The article deals with the problem of semantic heredity in the semantic class of the parts of the body. This is an analysis situated within the frame of the object-oriented perspective propagated by W. Banyś, used to describe 89 words belonging to the above-mentioned category. Problems with ascribing particular parts of the body to the proper superclasses were described, as well as the criteria used to distinguish the main three superclasses all the elements belonging to the object class of the parts of the body can be qualified to

Quelques remarques pour vous mettre au parfum à propos du "parfum"

The present paper focuses on the problem of automatic translation based on the object oriented approach proposed by Wiesław Banyś. The author carries out the analysis of the French noun parfum, whose proper translation into Polish may seem too complex from the point of view of automatic translation, as it has many Polish equivalents depending on the context of its use. The paper is an attempt to show how, thanks to the object oriented approach, the problem of choosing an appropriate target language equivalent is solved

Konstrukcje metonimiczne w tłumaczeniu automatycznym

W artykule poruszono problem automatycznego tłumaczenia wyrażeń metonimicznych. Autorka nie koncentruje się zatem na zagadnieniach definicji, typologii ani kryteriów wyodrębniania konstrukcji metonimicznych, gdyż zadaniem translatora automatycznego jest prawidłowe przetłumaczenie danego wyrażenia na język docelowy bez względu na to, jaka jest jego definicja. Posługując się wybranymi przykładami różnych konstrukcji metonimicznych, autorka przedstawia, w jaki sposób proponuje rozwiązać problem ich prawidłowego tłumaczenia podejście zorientowane obiektowo autorstwa W. Banysia

Perception et métonymie — problèmes de traduction automatique

The paper focuses on the automatic translation of metonymic expressions. Due to the fact that metonymic expressions are very frequent in varous texts, the Author reflects on possible problems they may pose for automatic translation. At the same time, the Author underlines the fact that the metonymic expressions that may be especially complex for the machine to translate are those which have come into being on the basis of cultural, historical, or religious factors — that is those factors that are typical of a given community, as they reflect the way the community perceives various phenomena and extralinguistic situations. On the basis of the group of chosen examples, the Author proposes the solution to the problem of correct translation of metonymic expressions with the use of the object oriented approach by Wiesław Banyś

Comment comprendre la classe d'objets?

The article is devoted to the problem of lexical description of words for automatic translation of texts. In particular, the description understood in terms of object classes is focused. The author gives attention to two lexicographical conceptions, namely the conception of electronic dictionary proposed by G. Gross and the object oriented approach proposed by W. Banyś. The article aims at the comparison of these two conceptions, as well as at presenting how the notion of the object class is used to describe words

Body Parts in Specialist Language: The Problem of Automatic Translation

The article concentrates on the problem of automatic translation of specialist texts which often include the nouns referring to parts of the body but used in the narrowed technical context. The author discusses a few most often used nouns and examines how a group of chosen automatic translators available on-line cope with their appropriate translation into Polish. Simultaneously, the author proposes how some problems which appear in the process of automatic translation can be solved with the help of the object oriented approach, where the main role is ascribed to object classes presented in the appropriate frame