Bone marrow-derived endothelial cells contributed to colitis-associated colon cancer angiogenesis.

<p>(A) Blood vessels were stained with 647 WGA (blue), which was injected retrorbitally. Confocal microscopy analysis from living tissue specimens showed that the BM-derived cells (green) infiltrated the stroma, and a portion of cells were hemmed by a WGA-647-positive (blue) margin at the tumor endothelium. Double-positive cells were observed lining the vessels. (B) The frozen tumors sections were stained with an anti-CD31 antibody to detect BM-derived endothelial cells (green). GFP-positive cells (green) with CD31-positive margins were seen in the tumor endothelium. C (CMT93) and D (CT26) xenograft tumor tissues isolated from BM transplantation mice were stained with anti-CD31 (red) antibodies. GFP-positive cells were observed around the tumor vessels, and some lined the endothelium.</p

Grenzschichtprozesse ueber dem polaren Meereis

In recent years Field-Coupled devices, like Quantum dot Cel- lular Automata, are gaining an ever increasing attention from the scien- tific community. The computational paradigm beyond this device topol- ogy is based on the interaction among neighbor cells to propagate in- formation through circuits. Among the various implementations of this theoretical principle, NanoMagnet Logic (NML) is one the most studied, due to some interesting features, like the possibility to combine memory and logic in the same device and the possible low power consumption. Since the working principle of Field-Coupled devices is completely dif- ferent from CMOS technology, it is important to understand all the im- plications that this new computational paradigm has on complex circuit architectures. In this chapter we deeply analyze the major issues encountered in the design of complex circuits using Field-Coupled devices. Problems are analyzed and techniques to solve them and to improve performance are presented. Finally, a realistic analysis of the applications best suited for this technology is presented. While the analysis is performed using Nano- Magnet Logic as target, the results can be applied to all Field-Coupled devices. This chapter therefore supplies researchers and designers with the essential guidelines necessary to design complex circuits using Nano- Magnet Logic and, more in general, Field-Coupled devices