Job Wars at Fort Wayne

[Excerpt] Several international unions and the national AFL-CIO have developed sophisticated proposals calling for an industrial policy which would utilize a business-government-labor structure for planning national economic activities. Yet to be developed, however, are any guidelines for labor\u27s participation in local economic development activities. Since 1982 Fort Wayne, Indiana, has pioneered what is being touted as one of the most aggressive and successful economic development programs in the country. An economic development consulting firm, the Fantus Company, was used to organize the business community around an agenda designed to weaken labor and encourage a series of job wars with other communities. A careful examination of the Fort Wayne Strategy reveals a program that is subtly yet deeply anti-union, anti-worker, and not in the long-run interests of the people of Fort Wayne. A review of the Fort Wayne Strategy and local labor\u27s response can provide valuable lessons for the labor movement across the country

Beware of Fantus

[Excerpt] The Fantus Company is the nation\u27s premier economic development consulting firm. It acts as a catalyst in the regional rotation of jobs between communities, providing essential services to America\u27s migrating firms as they seek to find the lowest common denominator of wages, social wage legislation and business regulation. Careful examination of Fantus\u27 activities and methods indicates that they may be a cause of, rather than a solution to, the decline of America\u27s industrial heartland

A case of post-partum hemorrhage and sterilization in the developing world

A woman delivers a term infant vaginally at a district hospital in Papua New Guinea complicated by a retained placenta, uterine inversion and post-partum hemorrhage. A tubal ligation to protect the life of the mother from possibly fatal complications in future pregnancy is suggested, but the couple's cultural beliefs make this a challenge. This case illustrates the impact of post-partum hemorrhage in a developing world context and cultural issues related to sterilization performed in these settings to protect the life of the mother

The Law : President Obama's Signing Statements and the Expansion of Executive Power

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/100285/1/psq12071.pd

Presence of a pre-hospital enhanced care team reduces on scene time and improves triage compliance for stab trauma

© The Author(s). 2019 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.Background: A reduction in pre-hospital scene time for patients with penetrating trauma is associated with reduced mortality, when combined with appropriate hospital triage. This study investigated the relationship between presence of pre-hospital enhanced care teams (ECT) (Critical Care Paramedics (CCPS) or Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS)), on the scene time and triage compliance, of penetrating trauma patients in a UK ambulance service. The primary outcome was whether scene time reduces when an ECT is present. A secondary outcome was whether the presence of an ECT improved compliance with the trust's Major Trauma Decision Tree (MTDT). Methods: All suspected penetrating trauma incidents involving a patient's torso were identified from the Trust's computer-aided dispatch (CAD) system between 31st March 2017 and 1st April 2018. Only patients who sustained central penetrating trauma were included. Any incidents involving firearms were excluded due to the prolonged times that can be involved when waiting for specialist police units. Data relevant to scene time for each eligible incident were retrieved, along with the presence or absence of an ECT. The results were analysed to identify trends in the scene times and compliance with the MTDT. Results: One hundred seventy-one patients met the inclusion criteria, with 165 having complete data. The presence of an ECT improved the median on-scene time in central stabbing by 38% (29m50s vs. 19m0s, p = 0.03). The compliance with the trust's MTDT increased dramatically when an ECT is present (81% vs. 37%, odds ratio 7.59, 95% CI, 3.70-15.37, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The presence of an ECT at a central stabbing incident significantly improved the scene time and triage compliance with a MTDT. Ambulance services should consider routine activation of ECTs to such incidents, with subsequent service evaluation to monitor patient outcomes. Ambulance services should continue to strive to reduce scene times in the context of central penetrating trauma.Peer reviewe

Evolution of Preprofessional Pharmacy Curricula

Objectives. To examine changes in preprofessional pharmacy curricular requirements and trends, and determine rationales for and implications of modifications. Methods. Prerequisite curricular requirements compiled between 2006 and 2011 from all doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) programs approved by the Accreditation Council of Pharmacy Education were reviewed to ascertain trends over the past 5 years. An online survey was conducted of 20 programs that required either 3 years of prerequisite courses or a bachelor’s degree, and a random sample of 20 programs that required 2 years of prerequisites. Standardized telephone interviews were then conducted with representatives of 9 programs. Results. In 2006, 4 programs required 3 years of prerequisite courses and none required a bachelor’s degree; by 2011, these increased to 18 programs and 7 programs, respectively. Of 40 programs surveyed, responses were received from 28 (70%), 9 (32%) of which reported having increased the number of prerequisite courses since 2006. Reasons given for changes included desire to raise the level of academic achievement of students entering the PharmD program, desire to increase incoming student maturity, and desire to add clinical sciences and experiential coursework to the pharmacy curriculum. Some colleges and schools experienced a temporary decrease in applicants. Conclusions. The preprofessional curriculum continues to evolve, with many programs increasing the number of course prerequisites. The implications of increasing prerequisites were variable and included a perceived increase in maturity and quality of applicants and, for some schools, a temporary decrease in the number of applicants

The frailty in major trauma study (FRAIL-T) : a study protocol to determine the feasibility of nurse-led frailty assessment in elderly trauma and the impact on outcome in patients with major trauma

INTRODUCTION: The burden of frailty on older people is easily recognisable by increasing mortality and morbidity, longer hospital stays and adverse discharge locations. In the UK, frailty screening has recently become part of the best practice commissioning tariff within National Health Service England, yet there is no evidence or consensus as to who should carry out this assessment or within which time frame. As major trauma is an increasing burden for older people, there is a need to focus clinician's attention on early identification of frailty in the emergency department (ED) in patients with major trauma as a way to underpin frailty specific major trauma pathways, to optimise recovery and improve patient experience. Throughout the patient with major trauma pathway, nurses are perhaps best placed to conduct timely clinical assessments working with the patient, family and multidisciplinary team to influence ongoing care. This study aims to determine the feasibility of nurse-led assessment of frailty in patients aged 65 years or more admitted to major trauma centres (MTCs). METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a prospective observational study conducted across five UK MTCs, enrolling 370 participants over 9 months. The primary aim is to determine the feasibility of nurse-led frailty assessment in MTC EDs in patients aged 65 years or more following traumatic injury. The prevalence of frailty and the best assessment tool for use in the ED will be determined. Other outcome measures include quality of life and frailty assessment 6 months after injury, mortality and discharge outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study was given ethical approval by the Social Care Research Ethics Committee (REC no 19/IEC08/0006). Findings will be published in scientific journals and presented to national and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN10671514

The facilitators and barriers to exercise in the Noongar Aboriginal population in Perth, Australia

Indigenous Standpoint Theory forms the epistemological foundation for this study and methodological choices were made within this theoretical framework to ensure culturally responsive research processes that engaged the Indigenous agenda of self-determination and rights. The objectives of this research were to determine: (i) Indigenous perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to exercise; (ii) The potential feasibility and sustainability of an exercise intervention. In this context, Participatory Action Research methods were used to design the data-gathering instrument for the study—a questionnaire, co-designed with the Noongar Aboriginal community of Perth, Western Australia. This self-administered questionnaire, distributed to participants by email, post and manual delivery, sought to elicit the factors that impact uptake and retention of regular exercise activities. Questionnaire data included individual demographic detail and specific question responses on labelled 5 point Likert Scales. Specific question responses were tabulated by Likert Scale label category and the response distribution for each question was enumerated. Simple descriptive statistics (measures of central tendency and variance) were used to characterize the data set and the Chi squared test was used to evaluate frequency differences between males and females. A total of 133 participants (71 females) completed the questionnaire. The results indicated that people valued exercise. The most common barriers indicated by participants were exercising with an injury (63%), changing diet (58%), finding time to exercise every day (55%) and exercising the next day with pain from exercising the day before (54%). A larger proportion of males (34%) than females (24%) reported greater ease in finding time to exercise every day (p \u3c 0.05). Facilitators mainly related to the potential social and community benefits of exercising with other people, preferably in small groups, and the importance of a culturally secure venue. These findings shed light on what a culturally secure exercise programme might involve for the Noongar community. As this may have implications for other Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and international First Nations’ Peoples, more focused research is needed on the place of traditional physical activities and the nature of culturally secure exercise programmes and spaces to enable wider application

Understanding the Complexities of Violent Extremism In Kosovo, Tunisia, and Kenya

Capstone paper for the fulfillment of the Master of Public Policy degree.In 2015, terrorist attacks resulted in a worldwide average of 2,361 deaths and 2,943 injuries monthly (U.S. Department of State, 2016). More than half of the attacks targeted private citizens and property. These statistics are not only disheartening, but reveal the need for greater study on the causes and attractions of violent extremism (VE), along with methods targeted toward the prevention of violent extremism. This report originated as a Capstone Project Proposal at the Humphrey School of Public Affairs submitted by the staff of the International Republican Institute (IRI), one of four nonpartisan democracy institutes that receive funding from the National Endowment for Democracy to support aspiring democracies worldwide (International Republican Institute, 2017). In accepting this research proposal, our team of five graduate students were commissioned by IRI to explore the web of interdependent factors that contribute to VE within three particular contexts of Kenya, Kosovo, and Tunisia. Additionally, the research proposal called for the recommendations of potential resources, programs, and tools that IRI could leverage for future programming designed to decrease societal and individual susceptibility to VE. Our approach to investigating violent extremism is encapsulated by Douglas Leonard, who states: Intolerance takes root and spreads in failed states where security is lacking, where balances of power are realigning and where fierce competition puts pressure on societies to create inflexible and impermeable alliances defined around the markers of human identity, whether ethnic, religious, linguistic or tribal.... Intolerance is a human tendency in any context of scarcity, whether religious or secular. (Leonard, 2015) As a means of systematically assessing susceptibility to VE across all three contexts (Kenya, Kosovo, and Tunisia) we developed an Assessment Tool that allows the user to identify vulnerable populations within a society. Although we are confident with the assessments made, we recognize that there are limitations to desk research. We believe that using our assessment tool in the location being analyzed alongside local experts will provide practitioners the best systematic means to uncover and assess a society’s susceptibility to VE at the national, local, and individual level