15,693 research outputs found

    Optimizing the efficiency: adverse impact trade-off in personnel classification decisions

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    Different subgroups display different means on specific performance predictors, leading to the quality- diversity dilemma in the personnel selection context. However, since classification situations still arise in practice, the reality of effect sizes will lead to adverse impact in these personnel decision situations as well. The current method to estimate the classification efficiency given a set of predictors, different subgroups and their characteristics, was extended to yield the adverse impact ratio as well. Additionally, this method was implemented in an algorithm that leads to predictor weights that result in optimal trade-offs between efficiency and diversity

    Nonprofit advocacy under a third party government regime: cooperation or conflict?

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    AKI patients have worse long-term outcomes, especially in the immediate post-ICU period

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    Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with worse outcome in the acute phase of acute illness but also in the chronic phase. In a large Danish study in this issue of Critical Care, 1-year mortality was higher in patients with AKI than in patients without AKI. Mortality was most important during the first 50 days after admission to the intensive c are unit (ICU), whereas after 2 months the survival curves of patients with AKI and those of patients without AKI were similar. The reasons for this observation are not clear, but protracted critical illness and fragility after acute critical illness probably play important roles. Because we see more and more of these patients, they should be the focus of ICU research. Consequently, ICU and post-ICU care for these patients requires focus and a more integrated approach to the specific problems of these survivors of acute critical illness

    Efficiency and adverse impact of general classification decisions

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    Classification decisions relate to situations in which a battery of predictors is used to assign individuals to a number of different trajectories. De Corte (2000) proposed a method to estimate the classification efficiency in case the assignment of individuals to trajectories is based on least square criterion estimates. The current paper extends this method to the case where the applicants come from several subpopulations and estimates are no longer only regression weighted. The extension is motivated by the fact that using other than regression based criterion estimates for assigning applicants to the different trajectories may result in classification decisions that show substantially less adverse impact as compared to classifications in which regression based criterion estimates govern the allocation process (De Corte, Lievens & Sackett, 2007). An application of the new analytic method indicates that while classifications based on regression weighted criterion estimates lead to optimal classification efficiency, they also yield substantial adverse impact because many of the most valid predictors, and cognitive ability predictors in particular, show large effect sizes in favor of the so-called majority applicants. Alternatively, general (non regression based) classification decisions lead to a wide range of possible trade-offs between efficiency and diversity where concessions in terms of classification efficiency are compensated by more advantageous levels of adverse impact. The proposed method may be used by practitioners to alleviate the quandary between efficiency and adverse impact in a classification context

    Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and Azathioprine

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    Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare syndrome that presents with neurological manifestations, often associated with arterial hypertension. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows bilateral white matter oedema in the posterior vascular territories. Immunosuppression, (pre) eclampsia and autoimmune diseases can be implicated. A 27-year-old woman, with mixed connective tissue disease under azathioprine, was admitted in the emergency room in status epilepticus and with severe hypertension. The MRI showed bilateral oedema in a pattern compatible with PRES. There was clinical improvement after azathioprine suspension. PRES is typically reversible with prompt recognition of the syndrome and its trigger. The association with azathioprine is rare. LEARNING POINTS: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome should be considered in patients with sudden onset of headache, altered consciousness and seizures.Recognition of this entity and identification of the trigger are essential for reversal of the clinical picture.Autoimmune diseases and some immunosuppressive drugs have been identified as causative, but reports of an association with azathioprine are very rare.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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