MOESM1 of Long noncoding RNA PVT1 modulates hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and apoptosis by recruiting EZH2

Additional file 1: Figure S1. PVT1 could not directly bind to MDM2 or P53. (A) RNA pull-down assay indicated that PVT1 could not directly bind to MDM2 or P53

Environmental Surface Stability of the MAPbBr₃ Single Crystal

Organic–inorganic halide perovskites have emerged as a promising semiconductor family because of their remarkable performance in optoelectronic devices. On the other hand, the stability of perovskites remains a critical issue. In this work, we report a quantitative and systematic investigation of in situ cleaved MAPbBr₃ single-crystal degradation processes in X-ray, N₂, O₂, and H₂O environments. The high-quality crystals were monitored by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with careful control of the exposure time and pressure. The detailed electronic structure and compositional changes of the crystal were tracked throughout the different exposures, and these studies provided insights into the various degradation mechanisms. We identified that ∼10% of the surface MAPbBr₃ degraded to metallic lead under X-rays in vacuum, while N₂ could protect the sample from the degradation for 9 h under the same condition. Other measurements showed that while the surface was not sensitive to pure O₂, it was susceptible to H₂O exposure within the top 0.37 nm and a reaction threshold of ∼10⁸ Langmuir was found. Below the threshold, H₂O acted only as an n-type dopant; above it, the surface began to decompose. These observations highlight possible future directions to improve the material stability by environmental control

Degradation by Exposure of Coevaporated CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Thin Films

Degradation of coevaporated CH₃NH₃PbI₃ thin films were investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction as the films were subjected to exposure of oxygen, low pressure atmospheric air, atmospheric air, or H₂O. The coevaporated thin films have consistent stoichiometry and crystallinity suitable for detailed surface analysis. The results indicate that CH₃NH₃PbI₃ is not sensitive to oxygen. Even after 10¹³ Langmuir (L, one L equals 10^–6 Torr s) oxygen exposure, no O atoms could be found on the surface. The film is not sensitive to dry air as well. A reaction threshold of about 2 × 10¹⁰ L is found for H₂O exposure, below which no CH₃NH₃PbI₃ degradation takes place, and the H₂O acts as an n-dopant. Above the threshold, the film begins to decompose, and the amount of N and I decrease quickly, leaving the surface with PbI₂, hydrocarbon complex, and O contamination

MOESM1 of Acupuncture as an intervention to reduce alcohol dependency: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Additional file 1. Search strategy and risk of bias tables

Cotton <i>PEBP</i>-like genes show different expression patterns in cultivated cotton ‘CCRI36’.

<p>Plants were initially grown from seed germination under long-day conditions. Half of the plants were transferred to short-day conditions at the two fully expanded leaves stage. Cotyledons indicated two fully expanded cotyledons. First to Fifth indicated first fully expanded leaves to fifth fully expanded leaves.</p

Information of genes in different genomes.

<p>Information of genes in different genomes.</p

Analysis of <i>GhFT</i> and <i>GhPEBP2</i> expression.

<p><b>(A)</b> Wild type and <b>(B)</b> transgenic <i>GhFT Arabidopsis</i> plant. <b>(C)</b> Transcript levels of <i>GhFT</i> in different transgenic lines. <b>(D</b>-<b>I)</b> Promoter analysis of <i>GhFT</i> and <i>GhPEBP2</i> in <i>Arabidopsis</i>. The cotyledon (<b>D</b>), shoot apical and stem (<b>E</b>), and root (<b>F</b>) of transgenic <i>pGhFT</i>::<i>GUS</i> plants. The cotyledon (<b>G</b>), shoot apical and stem (<b>H</b>), and root (<b>I</b>) of transgenic <i>pPEBP2</i>::<i>GUS</i> plants.</p

Light-Induced Degradation of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Hybrid Perovskite Thin Film

The stability of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ was investigated by observing the degradation in a coevaporated film irradiated by a blue laser in ultrahigh vacuum. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to investigate the effects of irradiation on the surface. The core levels of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ were observed to shift toward a higher binding energy (BE) during the irradiation, suggesting that the surface became more n-type. A new metallic Pb component in the XPS spectrum appeared after 120 min of irradiation, indicating that the film had started to decompose. The decomposition saturated after about 480 min of irradiation when the ratio of metallic Pb to total Pb was about 33%. Furthermore, the film was no longer continuous after irradiation, as the elements gold and oxygen from the substrate were detected by XPS. SEM images also show a roughened surface after irradiation. The results strongly indicate that CH₃NH₃PbI₃ is sensitive to the laser irradiation and that the light induced decomposition is a self-limiting process

Expression patterns of <i>PEBP</i>-like genes in the upland cotton semi-wild race ‘latifolium’.

<p>Plants were initially grown from seed germination under long-day conditions. Half of the plants were transferred to short-day conditions at the two fully expanded leaves stage. Cotyledons indicated two fully expanded cotyledons. First to Fifth indicated first fully expanded leaves to fifth fully expanded leaves.</p

Phylogenetic analysis of <i>PEBP</i> family members of <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> and other plants species.

<p>The unrooted phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method from protein sequences from <i>Physcomitrella patens</i> (<i>PpPEBP</i>), <i>Picea abies</i> (<i>PaPEBP</i>), <i>Antirrhinum majus</i> (<i>AmPEBP</i>), <i>Populus nigra</i> (<i>PnPEBP</i>), <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (<i>AtPEBP</i>), <i>Vitis vinifera</i> (<i>VvPEBP</i>), <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> (<i>SlPEBP</i>), <i>Malus</i> × <i>domestica</i> (<i>MdPEBP</i>), <i>Medicago truncatula</i> (<i>MtPEBP</i>), <i>Glycine max</i> (<i>GmPEBP</i>), <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> (<i>GhPEBP</i>), <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> (<i>NtPEBP</i>), <i>Zea mays</i> (<i>ZmPEBP</i>) and <i>Hordeum vulgare</i> (<i>HvPEBP</i>). The data sources for all <i>PEBP</i>s are listed in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0161080#pone.0161080.s006" target="_blank">S1 Table</a>. The red triangle indicates the upland cotton <i>PEBP</i>-like genes.</p