Survival prediction and treatment optimization of multiple myeloma patients using machine-learning models based on clinical and gene expression data

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains mostly an incurable disease with a heterogeneous clinical evolution. Despite the availability of several prognostic scores, substantial room for improvement still exists. Promising results have been obtained by integrating clinical and biochemical data with gene expression profiling (GEP). In this report, we applied machine learning algorithms to MM clinical and RNAseq data collected by the CoMMpass consortium. We created a 50-variable random forests model (IAC-50) that could predict overall survival with high concordance between both training and validation sets (c-indexes, 0.818 and 0.780). This model included the following covariates: patient age, ISS stage, serum B2-microglobulin, first-line treatment, and the expression of 46 genes. Survival predictions for each patient considering the first line of treatment evidenced that those individuals treated with the best-predicted drug combination were significantly less likely to die than patients treated with other schemes. This was particularly important among patients treated with a triplet combination including bortezomib, an immunomodulatory drug (ImiD), and dexamethasone. Finally, the model showed a trend to retain its predictive value in patients with high-risk cytogenetics. In conclusion, we report a predictive model for MM survival based on the integration of clinical, biochemical, and gene expression data with machine learning tools

Measurement of the B0s→J/ψη lifetime

Using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3fb−1, collected by the LHCb experiment in ppcollisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8TeV, the effective lifetime in the B0s→J/ψηdecay mode, τeff, is measured to be τeff = 1.479±0.034 (stat)±0.011 (syst)ps. Assuming CPconservation, τeffcorresponds to the lifetime of the light B0smass eigenstate. This is the first measurement of the effective lifetime in this decay mode.S

Differential branching fraction and angular moments analysis of the decay B 0 → K +π− μ + μ − in the K∗0,2(1430)0 region

Measurements of the differential branching fraction and angular moments of the decay B 0 → K +π− μ + μ − in the K +π− invariant mass range 1330 < m(K +π−) < 1530 MeV/c 2 are presented. Proton-proton collision data are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment. Differential branching fraction measurements are reported in five bins of the invariant mass squared of the dimuon system, q 2, between 0.1 and 8.0 GeV2 /c 4. For the first time, an angular analysis sensitive to the S-, P- and D-wave contributions of this rare decay is performed. The set of 40 normalised angular moments describing the decay is presented for the q 2 range 1.1-6.0 GeV2 /c 4.S

First study of the CP-violating phase and decay-width difference in B0s→ψ(2S)φ decays

A time-dependent angular analysis of B0s→ψ(2S)φdecays is performed using data recorded by the LHCb experiment. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1collected during Run1 of the LHC. The CP-violating phase and decay-width difference of the B0ssystem are measured to be φs=0.23+0.29−0.28±0.02 radand s=0.066+0.041−0.044±0.007 ps−1, respectively, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. This is the first time that φsand shave been measured in a decay containing the ψ(2S)resonance.S

Measurement of forward W → eν production in pp collisions at √s=8 TeV

A measurement of the cross-section for W → eν production in pp collisions is presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of √s=8 TeV. The electrons are required to have more than 20 GeV of transverse momentum and to lie between 2.00 and 4.25 in pseudorapidity. The inclusive W production cross-sections, where the W decays to eν, are measured to be σW+→e+νe=1124.4±2.1±21.5±11.2±13.0pb, σW−→e−ν¯e=809.0±1.9±18.1±7.0±9.4pb, where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic, the third are due to the knowledge of the LHC beam energy and the fourth are due to the luminosity determination. Differential cross-sections as a function of the electron pseudorapidity are measured. The W + /W − cross-section ratio and production charge asymmetry are also reported. Results are compared with theoretical predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics. Finally, in a precise test of lepton universality, the ratio of W boson branching fractions is determined to be B(W→eν)/B(W→μν)=1.020±0.002±0.019, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.S

Measurements of long-range near-side angular correlations in √sNN=5TeV proton-lead collisions in the forward region

Two-particle angular correlations are studied in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass energy of √sNN=5TeV, collected with the LHCb detector at the LHC. The analysis is based on data recorded in two beam configurations, in which either the direction of the proton or that of the lead ion is analysed. The correlations are measured in the laboratory system as a function of relative pseudorapidity, η, and relative azimuthal angle, φ, for events in different classes of event activity and for different bins of particle transverse momentum. In high-activity events a long-range correlation on the near side, φ≈0, is observed in the pseudorapidity range 2.0 <η<4.9. This measurement of long-range correlations on the near side in proton-lead collisions extends previous observations into the forward region up to η=4.9. The correlation increases with growing event activity and is found to be more pronounced in the direction of the lead beam. However, the correlation in the direction of the lead and proton beams are found to be compatible when comparing events with similar absolute activity in the direction analysed.S

Measurement of CP violation parameters and polarisation fractions in B0s→J/ψK∗0 decays

The first measurement of CP asymmetries in the decay B0s→J/ψK∗(892)0 and an updated measurement of its branching fraction and polarisation fractions are presented. The results are obtained using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions recorded with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. Together with constraints from B 0 → J/ψ ρ 0, the results are used to constrain additional contributions due to penguin diagrams in the CP -violating phase ϕ s , measured through B 0s decays to charmonium.S

Measurement of forward J/ψ production cross-sections in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV

The production of J/ψ mesons in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s=13 TeV is studied with the LHCb detector. Cross-section measurements are performed as a function of the transverse momentum p T and the rapidity y of the J/ψ meson in the region p T < 14 GeV/c and 2.0 < y < 4.5, for both prompt J/ψ mesons and J/ψ mesons from b-hadron decays. The production cross-sections integrated over the kinematic coverage are 15.30 ± 0.03 ± 0.86 μb for prompt J/ψ and 2.34 ± 0.01 ± 0.13 μb for J/ψ from b-hadron decays, assuming zero polarization of the J/ψ meson. The first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The cross-section reported for J/ψ mesons from b-hadron decays is used to extrapolate to a total bb cross-section. The ratios of the cross-sections with respect to √s=8 TeV are also determinedS