Whalen & Briggs - Revised Supplementary Data File

Ecomorphological assignments for each genus with references, justifications, relative confidence scores, and additional informatio

Additional file 1: of Antiretroviral therapy improves survival among TB-HIV co-infected patients who have CD4+ T-cell count above 350cells/mm3

Survival times used to perform the survival analysis. (CSV 3 kb)

Preferred age for medical circumcision of male children stratified by the parent's gender.

<p>Preferred age for medical circumcision of male children stratified by the parent's gender.</p

Correlates of willingness to circumcise male children for reduction of future risk for HIV.

<p>*Row percentages displayed; APR adjusted prevalence ratios.</p>†<p>Addition of age, religion, education level, and place of residence did not substantially affect estimates from the multivariable models.</p

Additional file 2: of Four Degrees of Separation: Social Contacts and Health Providers Influence the Steps to Final Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis Patients in Urban Uganda

English questionnaire TB Steps. (PDF 28 kb

Association between variables and HIV acquisition by Gender, Rakai, Uganda 2003–2011: Unadjusted analyses.

<p>Association between variables and HIV acquisition by Gender, Rakai, Uganda 2003–2011: Unadjusted analyses.</p

Proportion of Cumulative Incidence Contributed by Different Definitions of Most-at-risk status.

<p>Proportion of Cumulative Incidence Contributed by Different Definitions of Most-at-risk status.</p

Nomogram of HIV risk for sexually active men developed using the Rakai cohort, Uganda 2003–2011.

<p>Nomogram of HIV risk for sexually active men developed using the Rakai cohort, Uganda 2003–2011.</p

Observed vs predicted probabilities of being HIV-free at 4 years of follow-up.

<p>The figure provides bias-corrected calibration of the women's prediction model.</p

Indices to Measure Risk of HIV Acquisition in Rakai, Uganda

<div><p>Introduction</p><p>Targeting most-at-risk individuals with HIV preventive interventions is cost-effective. We developed gender-specific indices to measure risk of HIV among sexually active individuals in Rakai, Uganda.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to estimate time-to-HIV infection associated with candidate predictors. Reduced models were determined using backward selection procedures with Akaike's information criterion (AIC) as the stopping rule. Model discrimination was determined using Harrell's concordance index (c index). Model calibration was determined graphically. Nomograms were used to present the final prediction models.</p><p>Results</p><p>We used samples of 7,497 women and 5,783 men. 342 new infections occurred among females (incidence 1.11/100 person years,) and 225 among the males (incidence 1.00/100 person years). The final model for men included age, education, circumcision status, number of sexual partners, genital ulcer disease symptoms, alcohol use before sex, partner in high risk employment, community type, being unaware of a partner's HIV status and community HIV prevalence. The Model's optimism-corrected c index was 69.1 percent (95% CI = 0.66, 0.73). The final women's model included age, marital status, education, number of sex partners, new sex partner, alcohol consumption by self or partner before sex, concurrent sexual partners, being employed in a high-risk occupation, having genital ulcer disease symptoms, community HIV prevalence, and perceiving oneself or partner to be exposed to HIV. The models optimism-corrected c index was 0.67 (95% CI = 0.64, 0.70). Both models were well calibrated.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>These indices were discriminative and well calibrated. This provides proof-of-concept that population-based HIV risk indices can be developed. Further research to validate these indices for other populations is needed.</p></div