Assessment of bioaccumulation potential of mangroves along the coast of Maharashtra, India using statistical indices

1372-1378Mangroves are a group of plants growing in estuarine region. These species survive well in saline environment with some adaptations in them. The members of family Avicenniaceae and Sonneratiaceae are of accumulating in nature and may bio-accumulate the pollutants from sediments and water. In order to improve the comprehensive understanding of heavy metal tolerance, the sediments and plant material (leaves) of mangroves were analyzed for heavy metals concentration from different creeks and estuaries of Maharashtra coast using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mangrove sediments were analyzed for indices such as enrichment factor, pollution load index, geo-accumulation index etc. to understand the level of pollutants. The bioaccumulation factor was also estimated to understand the bioaccumulation potential mangrove species i.e. Avicennia marina and Sonneratia apetala. The former species is commonly known as pollution tolerate, while the latter is pioneer in mangrove succession. The objectives of the study were to understand the potential of S. apetala in phytoremediation of heavy metals from both sediments and waste water. The mangrove sites like Kandalwada and Uran are on the borderline of pollution and needs proper protection and management

Progress on Thin Film Freezing Technology for Dry Powder Inhalation Formulations

The surface drying process is an important technology in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and food industries. The final stage of formulation development (i.e., the drying process) faces several challenges, and overall mastering depends on the end step. The advent of new emerging technologies paved the way for commercialization. Thin film freezing (TFF) is a new emerging freeze-drying technique available for various treatment modalities in drug delivery. TFF has now been used for the commercialization of pharmaceuticals, food, and biopharmaceutical products. The present review highlights the fundamentals of TFF along with modulated techniques used for drying pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals. Furthermore, we have covered various therapeutic applications of TFF technology in the development of nanoformulations, dry powder for inhalations and vaccines. TFF holds promise in delivering therapeutics for lung diseases such as fungal infection, bacterial infection, lung dysfunction, and pneumonia

Progress on Thin Film Freezing Technology for Dry Powder Inhalation Formulations

The surface drying process is an important technology in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and food industries. The final stage of formulation development (i.e., the drying process) faces several challenges, and overall mastering depends on the end step. The advent of new emerging technologies paved the way for commercialization. Thin film freezing (TFF) is a new emerging freeze-drying technique available for various treatment modalities in drug delivery. TFF has now been used for the commercialization of pharmaceuticals, food, and biopharmaceutical products. The present review highlights the fundamentals of TFF along with modulated techniques used for drying pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals. Furthermore, we have covered various therapeutic applications of TFF technology in the development of nanoformulations, dry powder for inhalations and vaccines. TFF holds promise in delivering therapeutics for lung diseases such as fungal infection, bacterial infection, lung dysfunction, and pneumonia